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        High Energy Neutrino Burst under the Internal Shock Model of Gamma-ray Bursts

        Kohta Murase,Shigehiro Nagataki 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.4

        We calculate the proton cooling e±ciency including pion-multiplicity, and proton-inelasticity in photomeson production under the internal shock model of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) by using the simulation kit GEANT4. We con.rm the validity of analytic approximate treatments based on GRB .ducial parameter sets, but also .nd that the eects of multiplicity and high inelasticity can be important for both proton cooling and the resulting spectra in some cases. We can estimate the maximum energy of accelerated protons in GRBs by considering various cooling processes. Using the obtained results, we can evaluate the neutrino °ux from one burst and a diuse neutrino background more quantitatively than past works. We assume that the GRB rate traces the star formation rate to obtain the diuse neutrino background. We also take into account the cooling processes of pions and muons, which are crucial to the resulting neutrino spectra. We introduce the nonthermal baryon-loading factor, rather than assume that GRBs are the main sources of ultra-high-enegy-cosmic-rays (UHECRs). We .nd that the obtained neutrino background can be comparable with the prediction of Waxman & Bahcall, although our ground in the estimation is dierent from theirs. This means su±cient photon density and accelerated protons may lead to the higher neutrino °ux, which may be di±cult to achieve. We study various parameters because there are many parameters in the model. The detection of high energy neutrinos from GRBs will provide a piece of strong evidences that protons are accelerated to very high energy in GRBs. Furthermore, the observations of a neutrino background has a possibility for not only testing the internal shock model of GRBs but also giving us infor- mation about the parameters in the model and about whether GRBs are sources of UHECRs or not.G

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