http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Asymptomatic carriage of Clostridioides difficile in pet shop puppies
Yuya Kimura(Yuya Kimura ),Satoshi Kameshima(Satoshi Kameshima ),Naoyuki Itoh(Naoyuki Itoh ) 한국예방수의학회 2023 예방수의학회지 Vol.47 No.2
Crowded pet shops can become infected with various pathogens. Although dog carriers of Clostridioides difficile tend to be asymptomatic, the toxigenic strains sometimes cause gastrointestinal symptoms in humans. The present study was conducted to determine the infection rate of C. difficile in pet shops. The feces of 137 dogs younger than one year of age, collected from four pet shops, were assessed by culture and PCR. Carriage rates of C. difficile in dogs aged ≤90, 91-180, and ≥181 day-old were 12.2% (10/82, 95% confidence interval: 6.0-21.3%), 0.0% (0/42, 95% confidence interval: 0.0-8.4%), and 7.7% (1/13, 95% confidence interval: 0.2-36.0%), respectively. Five C. difficile isolates carried genes encoding toxins A and B, while the remaining isolates contained only toxin B. However, none of the C. difficile carriers had diarrhea. These results highlight the necessity of promoting adequate hygiene precautions in pet shops to prevent infection by C. difficile.
Kimura, Fumiko,Horii, Shigeru,Arimoto, Itsuki,Doi, Toshiya,Yoshimura, Masato,Wada, Masahisa,Kimura, Tsunehisa American Chemical Society 2018 The Journal of physical chemistry A Vol.122 No.46
<P>Microcrystals of ErBa<SUB>2</SUB>Cu<SUB>4</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> suspended in a liquid medium were triaxially aligned by a frequency-modulated magnetic field and allowed a free rotational relaxation after the magnetic field was turned off. In situ X-ray diffraction measurements of the suspension were performed during relaxation, and the temporal change of the orientation fluctuation was monitored via broadening of the diffraction spots. The rotational diffusion constants were determined using the plot of the orientation fluctuation versus the elapsed time of rotational relaxation. The diffusion constants thus determined were in close agreement with those evaluated by the Stokes law but showed slight anisotropy, indicating that the microcrystals studied had shape anisotropy. The present method can provide a useful means for experimentally determining rotational diffusion constants of microcrystals suspended in viscous media. This paper shows that, due to the combination of the initial triaxial alignment and the subsequent monitoring of the relaxation process by means of X-ray diffraction, the diffusion constants along arbitrary crystallographic axes are determined separately.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Kimura, Hiroshi 대한설비공학회 2003 설비저널 Vol.32 No.9
"환기"는 생활용품 등으로부터의 오염물질 및 불특정 물질의 농도 저감이 가능하기 때문에 Sick House 대책으로서의 중요한 대책기술이다. 본 고에서는 집합주택을 대상으로 한 중앙공조 환기방식 및 배기 중앙 환기방식의 사례를 보여주고, 시스템의 구성기술과 오염물질의 농도 저감효과에 대해서 기술한다. 또한, 대표적인 오염물질인 포름알데히드의 건자재로 부터의 발산량은 온습도, 환기량 및 건자재의 표면적 비율 등의 영향인자에 따라 변화하므로, 필요 환기량은 이들의 영향요인을 고려하여야 한다는 것을 기술한다.
Rapid Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Genotyping for Mycobacterium leprae Clinical Specimens
Kimura, M.,Sakamuri, R. M.,Groathouse, N. A.,Rivoire, B. L.,Gingrich, D.,Krueger-Koplin, S.,Cho, S.-N.,Brennan, P. J.,Vissa, V. American Society for Microbiology 2009 Journal of clinical microbiology Vol.47 No.6
<P>Mycobacterium leprae is the noncultivable pathogen of leprosy. Since the genome sequence of an isolate of M. leprae has become available, multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) has been explored as a tool for strain typing and identification of chains of transmission of leprosy. In order to discover VNTRs and develop methods transferable to clinical samples, MLVA was applied to a global collection of M. leprae isolates derived from leprosy patients and propagated in armadillo hosts. PCR amplification, agarose gel electrophoresis, and sequencing methods were applied to DNA extracts from these infected armadillo tissues (n = 21). We identified polymorphisms in 15 out of 25 short-tandem-repeat (STR) loci previously selected by in silico analyses of the M. leprae genome. We then developed multiplex PCR for amplification of these 15 loci in four separate PCRs suitable for fluorescent fragment length analysis and demonstrated STR profiles highly concordant with those from the sequencing methods. Subsequently, we extended this method to DNA extracts from human clinical specimens, such as skin biopsy specimens (n = 30). With these techniques, mapping of multiple loci and differentiation of genotypes have been possible using total DNA extracts from limited amounts of clinical samples at a reduced cost and with less time. These practical methods are therefore available and applicable to answer focused epidemiological questions and to allow monitoring of the transmission of M. leprae in different countries where leprosy is endemic.</P>