Optogenetically induced sleep spindle rhythms alter sleep architectures in mice

Kim, A.,Latchoumane, C.,Lee, S.,Kim, G.B.,Cheong, E.,Augustine, G.J.,Shin, H.-S. National Academy of Sciences 2012 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.109 No.50

Supplementation with Angelica keiskei inhibits expression of inflammatory mediators in the gastric mucosa of Helicobacter pylori-infected mice

Kim, A.,Lim, J.W.,Kim, H.,Kim, H. Pergamon Press 2016 Nutrition research Vol.36 No.5

<P>Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori associated gastric ulceration and carcinogenesis. The oxidant-sensitive transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappa B), regulates expression of inflammatory mediators such as interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX -2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). These inflammatory mediators increased in gastric mucosal tissues from patients infected with H pylori. Angelica keiskei (AK), a green leafy vegetable, is rich in carotenoids and flavonoids and shows antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, we hypothesized that AK may protect the gastric mucosa of H pylori infected mice against inflammation. We determined lipid peroxide abundance, myeloperoxidase activity, expression levels of inflammatory mediators (IFN-gamma, COX-2, and iNOS), NF-kappa B-DNA binding activity, and histologic changes in gastric mucosal tissues. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine served as the positive control treatment. Supplementation with AK suppressed increases in lipid peroxide abundance, myeloperoxidase activity, induction of inflammatory mediators (IFN-gamma, COX -2, and iNOS), activation of NF-kappa B, and degradation of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor a in gastric mucosal tissue from H pylori infected mice. Inhibition of H pylori induced alterations by AK was similar to that by N-acetylcysteine. Taken together, these results suggest that supplementation with AK may prevent H pylori induced gastric inflammation by inhibiting NF-kappa B mediated induction of inflammatory mediators in the gastric mucosa of patients infected with H pylori. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</P>

Target and double spin asymmetries of deeply virtual <i>π</i> ⁰ production with a longitudinally polarized proton target and CLAS

Kim, A.,Avakian, H.,Burkert, V.,Joo, K.,Kim, W.,Adhikari, K.P.,Akbar, Z.,Anefalos Pereira, S.,Badui, R.A.,Battaglieri, M.,Batourine, V.,Bedlinskiy, I.,Biselli, A.S.,Boiarinov, S.,Bosted, P.,Briscoe, W North-Holland Pub. Co 2017 Physics letters. Section B Vol.768 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The target and double spin asymmetries of the exclusive pseudoscalar channel e → p → → e p <SUP> π 0 </SUP> were measured for the first time in the deep-inelastic regime using a longitudinally polarized 5.9 GeV electron beam and a longitudinally polarized proton target at Jefferson Lab with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). The data were collected over a large kinematic phase space and divided into 110 four-dimensional bins of <SUP> Q 2 </SUP> , <SUB> x B </SUB> , −<I>t</I> and <I>ϕ</I>. Large values of asymmetry moments clearly indicate a substantial contribution to the polarized structure functions from transverse virtual photon amplitudes. The interpretation of experimental data in terms of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) provides the first insight on the chiral-odd GPDs <SUB> H ˜ T </SUB> and <SUB> E T </SUB> , and complement previous measurements of unpolarized structure functions sensitive to the GPDs <SUB> H T </SUB> and <SUB> E ¯ T </SUB> . These data provide a crucial input for parametrizations of essentially unknown chiral-odd GPDs and will strongly influence existing theoretical calculations based on the handbag formalism.</P>

Apigenin Reduces Proteasome Inhibition-Induced Neuronal Apoptosis by Suppressing the Cell Death Process

Kim, A.,Nam, Y. J.,Lee, M. S.,Shin, Y. K.,Sohn, D. S.,Lee, C. S. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Neurochem Res Vol.41 No.11

<P>Impairment of proteasomal function has been shown to be implicated in neuronal cell degeneration. The compounds which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities appear to provide a neuroprotective effect. Flavone apigenin is known to exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Nevertheless, the effect of apigenin on the proteasome inhibition-induced neuronal apoptosis has not been studied. Therefore, we assessed the effect of apigenin on the proteasome inhibition-induced apoptotic neuronal cell death using differentiated PC12 cells and human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Apigenin attenuated the proteasome inhibitors (MG132 and MG115)-induced decrease in the levels of Bid and Bcl-2, increase in the levels of Bax and p53, loss of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, release of cytochrome c, activation of caspases (-8, -9 and -3), cleavage of PARP-1 and cell death in both cell lines. Apigenin attenuated the production of reactive oxygen species, the depletion and oxidation of glutathione, the formations of malondialdehyde and carbonyls in cell lines treated with proteasome inhibitors. The results show that apigenin appears to attenuate the proteasome inhibitor-induced apoptosis in differentiated PC12 cells and SH-SY5Y cells by suppressing the activation of the mitochondrial pathway, and of the caspase-8- and Bid-dependent pathways. The inhibitory effect of apigenin on the proteasome inhibitor-induced apoptosis appears to be attributed to the suppressive effect on the production of reactive oxygen species, the depletion and oxidation of glutathione and the formations of malondialdehyde and carbonyls.</P>

An Accelerator Mass Spectrometry-Enabled Microtracer Study to Evaluate the First-Pass Effect on the Absorption of YH4808

Kim, A,Yu, B-Y,Dueker, SR,Shin, K-H,Kim, HS,Ahn, H,Cho, J-Y,Yu, K-S,Jang, I-J,Lee, H C. V. Mosby 2017 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics Vol.102 No.3

Sosiho-tang ameliorates cachexia-related symptoms in mice bearing colon 26 adenocarcinoma by reducing systemic inflammation and muscle loss

Kim, A.,Im, M.,Ma, J. Y. Spandidos Publications 2016 Oncology reports Vol.35 No.3

<P>Cachexia accompanied by muscle wasting is a key determinant of poor prognosis in cancer patients and cancer-related death. Previous studies have demonstrated that inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-1 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secreted from host cells and tumor cells participate in skeletal muscle wasting followed by severe loss of body weight. Therefore, blockade of the inflammatory response is thought to be a logical target for pharmacological and nutritional interventions to preserve skeletal muscle mass under cachectic conditions. Sosiho-tang (SO; Xiaocharihu-tang in Chinese and Sho-saiko-to in Japanese) is an Oriental herbal medicine that has been used to treat chronic hepatic diseases and to control fever. In recent studies, SO inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages, prevented thrombus formation and suppressed cancer progression. However, the anti-cachectic activity of SO in tumor-bearing mice has not yet been examined. In the present study, we characterized the effect of SO administration on cancer-induced cachexia in CT-26-bearing mice, and elucidated the anti-cachectic mechanisms. Daily oral administration of SO at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg to CT-26-bearing mice significantly retarded tumor growth and prevented the loss of final body weight, carcass weight, heart weight, gastrocnemius muscle, and epididymal fat, compared with saline-treated control mice. In addition, serum IL-6 levels elevated by cancer were decreased by SO administration. In the J774A.1 macrophage cell line, SO efficiently suppressed LPS-mediated increases in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, nitric oxide (NO), and procachectic inflammatory cytokine production through inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and p38 activation. In addition, SO attenuated muscle atrophy caused by cancer cells by affecting myoblast proliferation and differentiation, and C2C12 myotube wasting. Taken together, these results suggest that SO is a safe and useful anti-cachectic therapy for cancer patients with severe weight loss.</P>

Comfortable with friends sharing your picture on Facebook? - Effects of closeness and ownership on picture sharing preference

Kim, A.,Gweon, G. Pergamon 2016 Computers in Human Behavior Vol.62 No.-

Picture sharing activity on social networking sites helps create and maintain social relationships. However, some of these pictures can be undesirable digital traces especially when the person sharing the information (owner) and the person receiving the information (viewer) do not ask the sharing preference of the person who is in the picture (subject). In our exploratory lab study, we asked twenty-nine participants about their picture sharing preference (PSP) towards an owner's act of sharing a photograph containing both the participant (subject) and the owner with a viewer. Our multi-level regression on 5520 data points show that in terms of closeness, a subject feels more comfortable sharing a picture i) as the ''closeness between the subject and the owner (SO closeness)'' increases and ii) as the ''closeness between the subject and the viewer (SV closeness)'' increases. In terms of ownership, a subject feels more comfortable with sharing a picture i) when the picture shows a greater number of people as opposed to a smaller number of people, and ii) when the picture is captured at an event held for the viewer or the owner rather than for the subject. In addition, we observed three types of interaction effects on PSP between the following variables: i) SO closeness and SV closeness, ii) SO closeness and num_people, and iii) both types of closeness and event_posessor.

Fully solution-processed transparent electrodes based on silver nanowire composites for perovskite solar cells

Kim, A.,Lee, H.,Kwon, H. C.,Jung, H.,Park, N. G.,Jeong, S.,Moon, J. Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Nanoscale Vol.8 No.12

<P>We report all-solution-processed transparent conductive electrodes based on Ag nanowire (AgNW)-embedded metal oxide composite films for application in organometal halide perovskite solar cells. To address the thermal instability of Ag nanowires, we used combustive sol-gel derived thin films to construct ZnO/ITO/AgNW/ITO composite structures. The resulting composite configuration effectively prevented the AgNWs from undergoing undesirable side-reactions with halogen ions present in the perovskite precursor solutions that significantly deteriorate the optoelectrical properties of Ag nanowires in transparent conductive films. AgNW-based composite electrodes had a transmittance of similar to 80% at 550 nm and sheet resistance of 18 Omega sq(-1). Perovskite solar cells fabricated using a fully solution-processed transparent conductive electrode, Au/spiro-OMeTAD/CH3NH3PbI3 + m-Al2O3/ZnO/ITO/AgNW/ITO, exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 8.44% (comparable to that of the FTO/glass-based counterpart at 10.81%) and were stable for 30 days in ambient air. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using AgNWs as a transparent bottom electrode in perovskite solar cells produced by a fully printable process.</P>

Development of Selective Electroless-Deposited Electrode in Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-Layer Solar Cell

Kim, A.,Park, H.,Choi, E.,Cui, Y.,Lee, S. J.,Pyo, S. G. LASER PAGES PUBLISHING LTD 2015 ISRAEL JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY Vol.55 No.10

Highly reversible insertion of lithium into MoO₂ as an anode material for lithium ion battery

Kim, A.,Park, E.,Lee, H.,Kim, H. ELSEVIER SCIENCE 2016 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.681 No.-

MoO<SUB>2</SUB> has gained renewed attention as a safe oxide anode host material for lithium ion insertion because of its high gravimetric/volumetric capacity and highly stable cycling behavior. However, these recent results are completely contrary to previous reports. To confirm that MoO<SUB>2</SUB> is an appropriate anode material as well as further understand lithium ion reactions when inserted into MoO<SUB>2</SUB>, we combine electrochemical characterization of MoO<SUB>2</SUB> electrodes and ex situ X-ray diffraction analysis with first principle calculations. Theoretical capacity of the MoO<SUB>2</SUB> electrode (~209 mAh g<SUP>-1</SUP>) and stable capacity retention up to 100 cycles are simultaneously attained using a proper particle size and type of binder. Ex situ XRD analysis with first principle calculations of the phase transformation of MoO<SUB>2</SUB> electrodes shows that MoO<SUB>2</SUB> undergoes reversible structural changes upon lithiation and subsequent delithiation, clearly demonstrating that nanostructured MoO<SUB>2</SUB> can be used as an anode material for highly reliable lithium ion batteries.