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Optimal Hourly Scheduling of Community-Aggregated Electricity Consumption
Khodaei, Amin,Shahidehpour, Mohammad,Choi, Jaeseok The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2013 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.8 No.6
This paper presents the optimal scheduling of hourly consumption in a residential community (community, neighborhood, etc.) based on real-time electricity price. The residential community encompasses individual residential loads, communal (shared) loads, and local generation. Community-aggregated loads, which include residential and communal loads, are modeled as fixed, adjustable, shiftable, and storage loads. The objective of the optimal load scheduling problem is to minimize the community-aggregated electricity payment considering the convenience of individual residents and hourly community load characteristics. Limitations are included on the hourly utility load (defined as community-aggregated load minus the local generation) that is imported from the utility grid. Lagrangian relaxation (LR) is applied to decouple the utility constraint and provide tractable subproblems. The decomposed subproblems are formulated as mixed-integer programming (MIP) problems. The proposed model would be used by community master controllers to optimize the utility load schedule and minimize the community-aggregated electricity payment. Illustrative optimal load scheduling examples of a single resident as well as an aggregated community including 200 residents are presented to show the efficiency of the proposed method based on real-time electricity price.
Khodaei, M.,Seyyed Ebrahimi, S.A.,Park, Y.J.,Choi, S.H.,Kim, C.,Son, J.,Baik, S. Elsevier Sequoia 2014 THIN SOLID FILMS - Vol.571 No.1
The perfect (111)-oriented Co<SUB>0.8</SUB>Fe<SUB>2.2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> thin films are grown on Pt(111)/Si substrate using pulsed laser deposition technique at substrate temperature of 600<SUP>o</SUP>C and laser pulse rate of 5 and 10Hz. The Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure analyses revealed that Fe in Co<SUB>0.8</SUB>Fe<SUB>2.2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> films deposited at both 5 and 10Hz exists in Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> state leading to the actual composition of Co<SUB>0.8</SUB>Fe<SUB>2.2</SUB>O<SUB>4+δ</SUB>. In order to study the effect of film thickness on the magnetic properties, the film thickness was increased by increase in the pulse rate as well as the time of deposition during pulsed laser deposition process. It was found that by increase of the film thickness, the saturation magnetization and squareness will be generally increased. In the films with same thickness, those which deposited at higher pulse rate have a higher coercivity. In the films deposited at same pulse rate (10Hz) and different time of deposition, the saturation magnetization, coercivity, and squareness were increased by increasing the thickness, but the coercivity will be decreased with further increasing the thickness due to the relaxation of residual stresses.
Khodaei, Hamid,Mohammadi, Abdulqader Korean Mathematical Society 2019 대한수학회논문집 Vol.34 No.3
We show that mappings preserving unit distance are close to two-isometries. We also prove that a mapping f is a linear isometry up to translation when f is a two-expansive surjective mapping preserving unit distance. Then we apply these results to consider two-isometries between normed spaces, strictly convex normed spaces and unital $C^*$-algebras. Finally, we propose some remarks and problems about generalized two-isometries on Banach spaces.