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Adsorption of Cd(II) and Cu(II) onto Clay Modified with Sludge Activated Carbon
Kaifan Li,Haijun Lu,Qian Zhang,Jixiang Li 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.6
Sludge Activated carbon was prepared by heating dewatered municipal sludge to 400°C using ZnCl2 as an activator. The abilities of clay modified with 1%, 3%, and 5% of the sludge activated carbon to adsorb heavy metals were determined. The materials were subjected to scanning electron microscopy and low-temperature nitrogen-adsorption, extraction efficiency, adsorption kinetics, and isothermal adsorption tests to allow the pore sizes, pore volume distributions, pore structures, and adsorption capacities to be assessed. The pores were mostly mesopores and were mostly amorphous (e.g., ink-bottle-shaped holes). With the solid/liquid ratio kept constant, the adsorption capacity at equilibrium increased as the sludge activated carbon content of the clay increased. For clay modified with 1% sludge activated carbon, the adsorption capacity for Cd(II) at equilibrium decreased from 314 to 280 mg/kg as the solid/liquid ratio increased from 80 to 160 g/L. The adsorption capacities for Cu(II) at equilibrium at solid/liquid ratios of 80, 120, and 160 g/L were 442, 409, and 383 mg/kg, respectively, which were 41%, 34%, and 37% higher, respectively, than the Cd(II) adsorption capacities at the same solid/liquid ratios. It was concluded that the sludge activated carbon was suitable for trapping heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Cu(II).
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