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Tsumugi Jono,Yuki Kasai,Takaomi Kessoku,Tomoki Ogata,Kosuke Tanaka,Takayuki Kato,Eiji Sakai,Takeo Kurihashi,Machiko Nakatogawa,Shunsuke Oyamada,Seiji Futagami,Kok-Ann Gwee,Atsushi Nakajima 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2024 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.30 No.1
Background/AimsThe precise incidence of symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) and its effects on the quality of life (QOL) remain unclear, particularly in Asian patients with right-sided SUDD. We assess the prevalence of SUDD and its impact on QOL in a real-world population. MethodsFive institutional cohorts of patients who received outpatient treatment for unexplained abdominal symptoms from January 15, 2020 to March 31, 2022, were included. All patients underwent colonoscopy. SUDD was defined as the presence of recurrent abdominal symptoms, particularly pain in the lower right or left quadrant lasting > 24 hours in patients with diverticulosis at the site of pain. The 36-item short-form health survey was used to assess QOL. ResultsDiverticula were identified in 108 of 361 patients. Among these 108 patients, 31% had SUDD, which was right-sided in 39% of cases. Of the 50 patients with right-sided diverticula, 36% had SUDD, as did 15 of 35 patients with left-sided diverticula (43%). Among the 33 patients with SUDD, diverticula were right-sided, left-sided, and bilateral in 39%, 45%, and 15% of patients, respectively. Diarrhea was more frequent in the SUDD group than in the non-SUDD group. Patients with SUDD had significantly lower physical, mental, and role/social component scores than those without SUDD. ConclusionsIt is important to recognize that patients with SUDD account for as high as 31% of outpatients with unexplained abdominal symptoms; these patients have diarrhea and a low QOL. The presence of right-sided SUDD was characteristic of Asian patients.
Measurement of atmospheric turbulence in a ground-to-low earth orbit optical link
Toyoshima, Morio,Kunimori, Hiroo,Jono, Takashi,Takayama, Yoshihisa,Arai, Katsuyoshi 통신위성우주산업연구회 2006 Joint Conference on Satellite Communications Vol.2006 No.-
Ground-to-satellite laser communication experiments between the optical ground station located in the Koganei ward of downtown Tokyo and the low earth orbit (LEO) satellite, Optical Inter-orbit Communications Engineering Test Satellite (OICETS), also known as "Kirari", were conducted in March and May, 2006. Optical communication links through the atmosphere are affected by the refractive index fluctuation in the atmosphere, making measurement and evaluation of atmospheric turbulence crucial issues. The Differential Image Motion Monitor (DIMM) method was used to estimate atmospheric coherence length, hence the seeing size as well, on the ground to satellite optical link. In the DIMM method, several beam spots are formed on the CCD, and the relative motions between the beam spots are calculated as the relative variance of the centers of the spots, which protects the telescope from the effects of vibrational noise and tracking error of the satellite. In contrast to stellar observation, an additional turbulence factor due to the fast movement of the telescope must be considered for ground to satellite optical links. We present the results of our measurements of atmospheric turbulence and estimate the parameters of the analytical model based on those measurements.
Toyoshima, Morio,Takahashi, Nobuhiro,Jono, Takashi,Yamawaki, Toshihiko,Nakagawa, Keizo,Arai, Katsuyoshi 통신위성우주산업연구회 2002 Joint Conference on Satellite Communications Vol.2002 No.-
Optical communications in the presence of atmospheric turbulence are affected by the tubulence-induced optical scintillation. The optical scintillation makes the communication quality, i.e. bit error rate (BER), degrade. Because of the intrinsically narrow optical beam, the random pointing-jitter also generates additional signal fading on the communication signal. A broader optical beam could mitigate the signal fading, but would require greater transmitted power than that for the original beam to achieve the same required BER. In this paper, the average BER is derived from the probability density function (PDF) of the optical signal in the presence of atmospheric turbulence and random pointing-jitter. The joint PDF, of the lognormal PDF caused by atmospheric turbulence and the beta PDF of the random pointing-jitter, is derived by using the characteristic function of each PDF. It is shown that an optimum beam divergence of the transmitting laser beam exists, and the optimum value changes slightly with the atmospheric conditions. The beam divergence angle should be about 7 times larger than the random pointing-jitter of the optical tracking system. An example of the optimum link estimates for the tracking and communication channels are shown for a ground-to-satellite optical communication link.