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        A Survey on Filtering Issues for Two-Dimensional Systems: Advances and Challenges

        Fan Wang,Zidong Wang,Jinling Liang,Jun Yang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.3

        In the past few decades, both theoretical developments and practical applications of the two-dimensional (2-D) systems have received considerable research interest due to their clear engineering insights in many industrial branches. In order to estimate the actual system states from available and possibly noisy measurements, various filtering strategies have been proposed in the existing literature which include, but are not limited to, Kalman filtering, variance- onstrained filtering, H∞ filtering, l2-l∞ filtering, l1 filtering, dissipative filtering, and protocol-based filtering approaches. In particular, the filtering issues of 2-D systems subjected to disturbances/noises from different sources have drawn much research attention. The intent of this survey is to not only provide a comprehensive review of the latest results but also bestow some in-depth insights on the future research with respect to the filter design problems for 2-D systems under various performance requirements. The fundamentals of the 2-D systems are first presented and the corresponding filtering techniques are introduced from the aspects of engineering insights and physical interpretations. Then, several well-known 2-D systems are recalled and discussed, and some other 2-D systems with more complicated dynamics are surveyed. Subsequently, the recent advances in designing appropriate 2-D filtering algorithms under specific filtering performance indices are reviewed. Finally, this paper is concluded with some possible future research topics outlined on the 2-D filtering schemes.

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        Prenylated flavonoid fractions from Glycyrrhiza glabra alleviate insulin resistance in HepG2 cells by regulating the ERK/IRS-1 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways

        Defeng Li,Jinling Fan,Lin Du,Guoyan Ren 대한약학회 2024 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.47 No.2

        Insulin resistance (IR) is a key factor in the pathogenesis of disrupted glucose metabolism. Although the extract of Glycyrrhizaglabra has shown signifi cant hypoglycemic activity, its bioactive components remain to be identifi ed, and theirmechanisms of action, especially on hepatocyte glucose metabolism, are yet to be explored. In the present study, the primarycompounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra [named prenylated fl avonoid fractions (PFFs)] have been identifi ed and their chemicalstructures have been elucidated. The therapeutic eff ects of PFFs extracted from G. glabra on glucose metabolism disordersand IR in high insulin-induced insulin-resistant HepG2 (IR-HepG2) cells have been determined. Glabridin (GLD) was usedas a control. The results indicated that, similar to GLD, PFFs increased glucose consumption, glucose uptake, and translocationof glucose transporter 4 to the plasma membrane in IR-HepG2 cells. In addition, they enhanced the activities ofglycogen synthase, glucokinase, and pyruvate kinase, while reducing the activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinaseand glucose-6-phosphatase. Furthermore, they activated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt)pathway and suppressed the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/insulin receptor substrate-1 (ERK/IRS-1) pathway. Thesefi ndings suggest that, similar to GLD, PFFs can alleviate impaired glucose metabolism and alleviate IR in IR-HepG2 cells.

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