http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
백롱민,박재현,김진환,백세민,오갑성,정연철 大韓成形外科學會 1993 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.20 No.5
The shape and contour of the upper third of the face is provided basically by the frontal bone. A relatively thin soft tissue coverage, which consists of the skin and frontalis muscle, readily shows subtle changes on the underlying frontal bone. The forehead represents the fortune of one's youth from the viewpoint of physignomy, and a broad forehead with minimal supraorbital bossing and round curvature is preferrd in the Orient. The forehead with a deficient, flat contour or asymmetry could be indicated for augmentation. The exact site and amount of augmentation are dicided preoperatively using clinical assessment, medical photographs, and cephalometric analysis. Hydroxyapatite(Pyrost), because of its nonresorbability, seems to have advantages over other alloplastic materials for forehead augmentation. From March 1989 to February 1992 forehead augmentation has been performed in 60 patients. Through a coronal incision, the dissection was carried over the periosteum to the supraorbital ridge and the lateral orbital rim. The subperiosteal pocket was made through a small incision, and was packed with Pyrost. When indicated, facial rhytidectomy, or reduction malar plasty was performed simultaneously. The result had been satisfactory and long lasting. There had been no implant shifting, infection, or bony erosion when examed from 1 year to 4 years after surgery.
Jin, Rong,Kim, Beg Hab,Ji, Chang Yoon,Kim, Ho Soo,Li, Hong Min,Ma, Dai Fu,Kwak, Sang-Soo Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. 2017 Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Dehydration-responsive element-binding/C-repeat-binding factor (DREB/CBF) proteins regulate the transcription of genes involved in cold acclimation in several species. However, little is known about the physiological functions of CBF proteins in the low temperature-sensitive crop sweetpotato. We previously reported that the <I>DREB1/CBF-like</I> sweetpotato gene <I>SwDREB1/IbCBF3</I> is involved in responses to diverse abiotic stresses. In this study, we confirmed that IbCBF3 is localized to the nucleus and binds to the C-repeat/dehydration-responsive elements (CRT/DRE) in the promoters of cold-regulated (<I>COR</I>) genes. We generated transgenic sweetpotato plants overexpressing <I>IbCBF3</I> under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter (referred to as SC plants) and evaluated their responses to various abiotic stresses. <I>IbCBF3</I> expression was dramatically induced by cold and drought but much less strongly induced by high salinity and ABA. We further characterized two SC lines (SC3 and SC6) with high levels of <I>IbCBF3</I> transcript. The SC plants displayed enhanced tolerance to cold, drought, and oxidative stress on the whole-plant level. Under cold stress treatment (4 °C for 48 h), severe wilting and chilling injury were observed in the leaves of wild-type (WT) plants, whereas SC plants were not affected by cold stress. In addition, the <I>COR</I> genes were significantly upregulated in SC plants compared with the WT. The SC plants also showed significantly higher tolerance to drought stress than the WT, which was associated with higher photosynthesis efficiency and lower hydrogen peroxide levels. These results indicate that IbCBF3 is a functional transcription factor involved in the responses to various abiotic stresses in sweetpotato.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> IbCBF3 binds to CRT/DRE in the promoters of <I>COR</I> genes. </LI> <LI> Overexpression of <I>IbCBF3</I> increases cold and drought stress tolerance in sweetpotato. </LI> <LI> <I>IbCOR</I> expression is higher in <I>IbCBF3</I>-overexpressing sweetpotato than in the WT. </LI> </UL> </P>
Improvement of thermal behaviors of biodegradable poly(lactic acid) polymer: A review
Jin, Fan-Long,Hu, Rong-Rong,Park, Soo-Jin Elsevier Science Ltd 2019 Composites Part B, Engineering Vol.164 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Owing to its excellent mechanical properties, processability, and biodegradability, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has been widely investigated in the past few decades as a biomaterial. However, the poor heat resistance of PLA severely limits its applicability. In this review, several heat resistance modification methods, such as nucleating agent addition, fiber reinforcement, compounding, blending, stereoisomer complexation, and chemical modification, have been reviewed and their related mechanisms have been discussed in brief.</P>
Development of a PSCAD/EMTDC Model Component for AC Loss Characteristic Analysis of HTS Power Cable
Jin Geun Kim,A-Rong Kim,Daewon Kim,Minwon Park,In-Keun Yu,Jeonwook Cho,Ki-Deok Sim,Seokho Kim,Jun Kyoung Lee,Young-Jin Won IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.20 No.3
<P>Although Electromagnetic power transient analysis software (PSCAD/EMTDC) is one of the useful simulation tools, it does not provide a High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) power cable component, which has the same impedance characteristic of a real HTS power cable. The authors have already proposed a model component of the HTS power cable under the fault condition and simulated power system including the HTS power cable component. The authors, in this paper, developed a PSCAD/EMTDC model component of the HTS power cable that includes the AC loss characteristic. The AC loss of the superconductor changes due to the magnitude of the transport current. The relational characteristics between the AC transport current and resistance were measured using a model cable. The obtained characteristics were applied to the model component of PSCAD/EMTDC. The developed model component was used in the EMTDC simulation circuit. The simulation results show the same characteristics as the experiment results. The resistance variation of the HTS power cable and AC loss could be simulated using the developed model component and the component will effectively be used for the AC loss related simulations.</P>
Jin, Hai-Rong,Kim, Woo Jean,Song, Jae Sook,Piao, Shuguang,Choi, Min Ji,Tumurbaatar, Munkhbayar,Shin, Sun Hwa,Yin, Guo Nan,Koh, Gou Young,Ryu, Ji-Kan,Suh, Jun-Kyu American Diabetes Association 2011 Diabetes Vol.60 No.3
<P><B>OBJECTIVE</B></P><P>Patients with diabetic erectile dysfunction often have severe endothelial dysfunction and respond poorly to oral phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. We examined the effectiveness of the potent angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) variant, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP)-Ang1, in promoting cavernous endothelial regeneration and restoring erectile function in diabetic animals.</P><P><B>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</B></P><P>Four groups of mice were used: controls; streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice; STZ-induced diabetic mice treated with repeated intracavernous injections of PBS; and STZ-induced diabetic mice treated with COMP-Ang1 protein (days −3 and 0). Two and 4 weeks after treatment, we measured erectile function by electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve. The penis was harvested for histologic examinations, Western blot analysis, and cGMP quantification. We also performed a vascular permeability test.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>Local delivery of the COMP-Ang1 protein significantly increased cavernous endothelial proliferation, endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) phosphorylation, and cGMP expression compared with that in the untreated or PBS-treated STZ-induced diabetic group. The changes in the group that received COMP-Ang1 restored erectile function up to 4 weeks after treatment. Endothelial protective effects, such as marked decreases in the expression of p47<SUP>phox</SUP> and inducible NOS, in the generation of superoxide anion and nitrotyrosine, and in the number of apoptotic cells in the corpus cavernosum tissue, were noted in COMP-Ang1–treated STZ-induced diabetic mice. An intracavernous injection of COMP-Ang1 completely restored endothelial cell-cell junction proteins and decreased cavernous endothelial permeability. COMP-Ang1–induced promotion of cavernous angiogenesis and erectile function was abolished by the NOS inhibitor, <I>N</I>-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, but not by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor, apocynin.</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS</B></P><P>These findings support the concept of cavernous endothelial regeneration by use of the recombinant Ang1 protein as a curative therapy for diabetic erectile dysfunction.</P>