http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Lee, Seunghan,Katya, Kumar,Hamidoghli, Ali,Hong, Jeongwhui,Kim, Dae-Jung,Bai, Sungchul C. Elsevier 2018 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.83 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study evaluated the synergistic effects of dietary <I>Bacillus subtilis</I> WB60 and mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) in juvenile Japanese eel, <I>Anguilla japonica</I>. Seven treatment diets were formulated to contain three different levels of <I>B. subtilis</I> (0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 × 10<SUP>7</SUP> CFU/g diet denoted as BS<SUB>0</SUB>, BS<SUB>0.5</SUB>, and BS<SUB>1</SUB>, respectively) with two MOS levels (0 and 5 g/kg diet denoted as M<SUB>0</SUB> and M<SUB>5</SUB>, respectively), and one diet with oxytetracycline (OTC) at 5 g/kg diet. Each diet (BS<SUB>0</SUB>M<SUB>0</SUB> (CON), BS<SUB>0</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB>, BS<SUB>0.5</SUB>M<SUB>0,</SUB> BS<SUB>0.5</SUB>M<SUB>5,</SUB> BS<SUB>1</SUB>M<SUB>0,</SUB> BS<SUB>1</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB>, and OTC) was fed to triplicate groups of 20 fish averaging 9.00 ± 0.11 g (mean ± SD) for eight weeks. Average weight gain, feed efficiency, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the BS<SUB>0.5</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB> and BS<SUB>1</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB> diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed CON, BS<SUB>0.5</SUB>M<SUB>0</SUB> and OTC diets (<I>P</I> < 0.05). Significant increases in the nonspecific enzymatic activities (e.g., lysozyme and myeloperoxidase) were detected from fish fed the BS<SUB>0.5</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB>, BS<SUB>1</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB>, and OTC diets compared to the CON, BS<SUB>0.5</SUB>M<SUB>0</SUB>, and BS<SUB>0</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB> diets (<I>P</I> < 0.05). Whereas, immunoglobulin M expressions were recorded significantly higher for fish fed the BS<SUB>0.5</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB> and BS<SUB>1</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB> diets compared to those of fish fed the other diets (<I>P</I> < 0.05). Also, heat shock protein 70 mRNA levels of fish fed BS<SUB>0.5</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB> and BS<SUB>1</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB> diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed the CON diet (<I>P</I> < 0.05). Histological observations of the intestinal morphology showed healthier gut for fish fed BS<SUB>0.5</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB> and BS<SUB>1</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB> diets than those fed CON, BS<SUB>0</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB>, and OTC diets. Additionally, resistance to bacterial challenge with <I>Vibrio anguillarum</I> was recorded significantly lower for fish fed the CON diet than those fed other diets (<I>P</I> > 0.05). Therefore, the results for growth performance, non-specific immune responses, intestinal morphology, and disease resistance demonstrated that supplementation of <I>B. subtilis</I> at 0.5 × 10<SUP>7</SUP> CFU/g diet and mannanoligosaccharide at 5 g/kg diet could have beneficial synergistic effects in Japanese eel. The isolated probiotic from eel and the selected prebiotic could lead to the development of a specific and potential synbiotic in Japanese eel aquaculture.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> •Higher growth and immunity could be achieved by the administration of <I>Busilus subitlis</I> and mannanoligosaccharide. </LI> <LI> •Dietary synbiotic could have more benefits than probiotic and prebiotic alone. </LI> <LI> •Specific synbiotic has the potential to replace chemical antibiotics in Japanese eel aquaculture. </LI> </UL> </P>
Park, Youngjin,Moniruzzaman, Mohammad,Lee, Seunghan,Hong, Jeongwhui,Won, Seonghun,Lee, Jong Min,Yun, Hyeonho,Kim, Kang-Woong,Ko, Daegyun,Bai, Sungchul C. ACADEMIC PRESS LTD 2016 Fish & Shellfish Immunology Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary probiotics on growth performance and non-specific immune responses in starry flounder, <I>Platichthys stellatus</I>. Fish averaging 46.5 ± 0.65 g (mean ± SD) were fed one of the six experimental diets; one control (Cont), and five other diets were prepared by supplementing single-probiotics 1 (<I>Bacillus subtilis</I>; SP<SUB>1</SUB>, 2 × 10<SUP>9</SUP> CFU kg<SUP>−1</SUP> diet), single-probiotics 2 (<I>Bacillus licheniformis</I>; SP<SUB>2</SUB>, 2 × 10<SUP>9</SUP> CFU kg<SUP>−1</SUP> diet), multi-probiotics 1 (<I>Bacillus subtilis</I> + <I>Bacillus licheniformis</I>; MP<SUB>1</SUB>, 2 × 10<SUP>9</SUP> CFU kg<SUP>−1</SUP> diet), multi-probiotics 2 (commercial probiotics; <I>Bacillus subtills</I> + <I>Bacillus licheniformis</I> + <I>Paenibacillus polymyxa</I> + <I>Aspergillus oryzae</I> + <I>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</I>; MP<SUB>2</SUB>, 2 × 10<SUP>9</SUP> CFU kg<SUP>−1</SUP> diet) and oxytetracycline (OTC) at 5 g OTC kg<SUP>−1</SUP> diet. At the end of 8 weeks feeding trial, weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) of fish fed SP<SUB>1</SUB>, MP<SUB>1</SUB> and MP<SUB>2</SUB> diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed control diet (P < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of fish fed MP<SUB>2</SUB> diet was significantly higher than those of fish fed OTC diet (P < 0.05). Nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) activity and lysozyme activity of fish fed SP<SUB>1</SUB>, MP<SUB>1</SUB> and MP<SUB>2</SUB> diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed OTC diet (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference among fish fed SP<SUB>1</SUB>, SP<SUB>2</SUB>, MP<SUB>1</SUB> and MP<SUB>2</SUB> diets. During the <I>Edwardsiella tarda</I> challenge test, the first mortality occurred on day 2. After the 14 days challenge test, cumulative survival rate of fish fed MP<SUB>1</SUB> and MP<SUB>2</SUB> diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed control diet (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference among fish fed SP<SUB>1</SUB>, SP<SUB>2</SUB>, MP<SUB>1</SUB>, MP<SUB>2</SUB> and OTC diets in survival rate at the termination of the challenge test. Although there was little advantage in immunological parameters with fish fed MP diets, single and multi-probiotics were equally effective statistically. These results demonstrated that single or multi-probiotics had equal beneficial effect as an antibiotic replacer in terms of growth performance, non-specific immune responses and disease resistance in starry flounder.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We investigated the effects of single and multi probiotics in starry flounder. </LI> <LI> Dietary single and multiprobiotics improved growth performance of fish. </LI> <LI> Dietary single and multiprobiotics improved non-specific immune responses in fish. </LI> <LI> Dietary single and multiprobiotics showed disease resistance against Edwardsiellosis. </LI> <LI> The study showed single and multiprobiotics were equally effective in starry flounder. </LI> </UL> </P>