Prevalences of Clonorchiasis and Metagonimiasis along Rivers in Jeonra-Nam-Do, Korea

Soh, C.T.,Lee, K.T.,Cho, K.M.,Ahn, Y.K.,Kim, S.J.,Chung, P.R.,Im, K.I.,Min, D.Y.,Lee, J.H.,Chang, J.K. INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1976 YONSEI REPORTS ON TROPICAL MEDICINE Vol.7 No.1

전라남도 영산강 및 섬진강유역 주민의 간디스토마와 요꼬가와흡충 감염율의 조사 및 이들 패류매개성 기생충의 제1, 제2 중간숙주를 조사한 바 그 성적을 요약하면 다음과 같다(조사기간: 1975년 8,9월, 1976년 7,8월). 영산강 유역 영산강을 상류(YU), 중류(YM), 하류(YD)로 삼분하여 10개 표본지역을 선정, 조사하였다(표 1 참조). 상류는 광산군 송정읍의 상부지역으로 장성군과 담양군이 이에 해당되며 중류는 송정읍과 나주군 영산포읍 사이의 지역으로 광산군 일부와 나주군이 이에 해당되며 하류는 영산포읍이하의 나주군 일부와 함평군이 이에 해당된다. 1. 주민의 감열율 : 상류 3개지역, 중류 1개지역 그리고 하류 2개지역 등 6개지역 주민 359명을 대상으로 조사하였다. 상류지역의 간디스토마 감염율은 29.9%(69/231), 중류 38.5%(20/52), 하류 21.1%(16/76)이었다. 전체적으로는 29.2%(105/359)의 감염율을 나타내었으며 남자는 39.3%(79/201), 여자 15.4%(21/136)로 전자가 2.5배 이상의 감염상을 보였다. 2. 제 1 중간숙주 : 간디스토마의 제 1 중간숙주인 왜우렁(Parafossarulus manchouricus)의 조사는 상류 2개지역, 중류 4개지역, 하류 1개지역등 7개지역에서 채집한 980개를 검사하였으며 그 중 11개(1.1%)에서 간디스토마셀카리아를 검출하였다. 지역별로는 상류 1.8%(6/333), 중류 0.9%(5/553)가 양성이었으나 하류지역의 94개에서는 모두 음성이었다. 요꼬가와흡충의 제 1 중간숙주인 다슬기(Semisulcospira libertina)를 상, 중, 하류의 각 1개지역씩 3개지역에서 모두 179개를 채집하여 검사하였으나. 요꼬가와흡충 또는 페디스토마의 셀카리아는 검출할 수 없었다. 3. 제 2 중간숙주 : 전지역에서 9종의 담수어 263마리를 포획하여 검사한바 간디스토마메타셀카리아의 양성율은 참붕어에서 62.9%(22/35), 피리 5.7%(3/53), 납지리류 21.9%(7/32), 돌고기 17.6%(3/17), 그리고 끄리에서 14.3%(1/7)이었으나 붕어, 모래무지, 버들붕어 및 꺽지 등에서는 검출할 수 없었다. 요꼬가와흡충의 제2중간숙주인 은어는 채집 또는 포획할 수 없었다. 섬진강유역 전라남도 관내의 섬진강을 상, 중, 하류로 구분하여 각 유역별로 2개지역씩 선정, 6개지역에서 조사하였다(표 1 참조). Soh, C.T. et al. 표 1. 영산강 및 섬진강 유역 조사대상 지역 =================================================================================== 영산강 유역 ∥ 섬진강 유역 ------------------------------------------∥--------------------------------------- 지 역 *조사내용 ∥ 지 역 *조사내용 ------------------------------------------∥--------------------------------------- 상류 1. 장성군 황룡면 황룡리 P. 1.2. ∥상류 1. 곡성군 곡성면 동산리 P. 1. 2. 담양군 봉산면 삼지리 P. 1.2. ∥ 2. 곡성군 곡성면 석곡리 P. 1.2. 3. 담양군 금성면 금월리 P. ∥ 중류 1. 나주군 영산포읍 1. ∥중류 1. 구례군 구례읍 신월리 P. 1.2. 2. 나주군 산포면 산제리 1.2. ∥ 2. 곡성군 곡성면 압록리 2. 3. 나주군 남평면 남평리 1.2. ∥ 4. 광산군 동곡면 복용리 P. 1.2. ∥ 하류 1. 함평군 엄다면 학교리 P. 1.2. ∥하류 1. 광양군 다압면 신원리 2. 2. 나주군 다시면 신풍리 P. ∥ 2. 광양군 다압면 고사리 P. 1.2. 3. 나주군 문평면 용문리 2. ∥ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *(주) P: 주민 감염율조사. 1: 제1 중간숙주조사. 2: 제2 중간 숙주조사. 상류는 전라북도와 전라남도의 경계선 이하에서 곡성군 곡성읍 상부와 섬진강의 지류인 보성강유역이 해당되며 중류지역은 섬진강과 보성강이 합류되는 곳에서부터 광양군 다압면의 상류지역으로 곡성군 일부와 구례군이 이에 해당되며 하류는 다압면이하로 광양군이 해당된다. 1. 주민의 감염율 : 상류 2개지역, 중하류 각 1개지역 등 4개지역에서 296명을 대상으로 조사하였던바 전체적으로 간디스토마 충란양성자는 21명(7.1%)인데 비해 요꼬가와흡충충란 양성자는 123명(41.6%)이었으며 지역별 간디스토마의 감염율은 상류 5.6%(7/124), 중류 7.4%(6/81), 하류 8.8%(8/91)이었으며 요꼬가와흡충은 상류29.0%(36/124), 중류 58.0%(47/81), 하류 44.0%(40/91)이었다. 요꼬가와흡충충란양성자의 경우 남자는 55.5%(81/146)로 여자의 28.0%(42/150)보다 약 2배 가량 높은 감염율을 보였다. 요꼬가와흡충충란은 전 연령층에서 검출되었으나 간디스토마는 19세이하에서는 검출되지 않았다. 한편 두 흡충의 혼합감염율은 5.7%(17/296)이었다. 2. 제 1 중간숙주 : 왜우렁은 중류지방에서만 채집되었으나 간디스토마셀카리아를 검출치 못하였고 다슬기는 모두 663개를 채집하여 검사한바 62개(9.4%)에서 요꼬가와흡충셀카리아를 검출하였다. 이를 지역별로 보면 상류 9.2%(39/427), 중류 4.8%(3/62), 하류 11.5%(20/174)의 양성율을 보였다. 3. 제 2 중간숙주 : 전지역에서 10종의 담수어 175마리를 포획하여 검사하였으나 간디스토마메타셀카리아는 검출치 못 하였다. 그러나 그중 은어에서는 35마리 전부에서 요꼬가와흡충메타셀카리아를 검출하였다. 이상의 성적으로 보아 영산강유역은 간디스토마의 만연지역이나 요꼬가와흡충의 만연은 볼 수 없었다. 그러나 섬진강유역은 요꼬가와흡충 및 간디스토마의 만연지역이라고 볼 수 있으나 이 지역의 간디스토마감염이 토착성인지는 더 추구되어야 할 과제라고 본다.

Charge and mass transport properties of La₂Ni_0.95Al_0.05O_4.025+δ

Jeon, S.Y.,Singh, B.,Im, H.N.,Seong, K.P.,Song, S.J. Elsevier Sequoia 2014 Journal of alloys and compounds Vol.589 No.-

<P>In this work, mass and charge transport properties of acceptor doped lanthanum nickelate, La2Ni0.95Al0.05O4.025+delta d (LNAO), were analyzed. The thermal expansion, electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power of LNAO were measured as a function of temperature in 25-1000 degrees C range and oxygen partial pressure ( pO(2)) in -14 <= log (pO(2)/atm)6 <= -1 range. The average thermal expansion coefficient was 13.77 x 10 (6) K (1). The electrical conductivity was analyzed in relation to the thermoelectric power to elucidate the positive deviation of the activity coefficient of hole on the basis of the delocalized electron model. The thermoelectric power measurement shows a p-type to n- type transition. The chemical diffusion coefficient (D-chem) and surface exchange coefficient (ksurf.) were calculated by 4-probe DC conductivity measurement and ksurf. was slightly higher than ((D) over tilde Dchem). The best- estimated hole-mobility values showed very weak temperature dependence. The results were compared with the literature results on La2NiO4+ d. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

One-mSv CT colonography: Effect of different iterative reconstruction algorithms on radiologists' performance

Shin, C.I.,Kim, S.H.,Im, J.P.,Kim, S.G.,Yu, M.H.,Lee, E.S.,Han, J.K. G. Thieme ; Elsevier Science Pub. Co 2016 European journal of radiology Vol.85 No.3

Purpose: To analyze the effect of different reconstruction algorithms on image noise and radiologists' performance at ultra-low dose CT colonography (CTC) in human subjects. Materials and methods: This retrospective study had institutional review board approval, with waiver of the need to obtain informed consent. CTC and subsequent colonoscopy were performed at the same day in 28 patients. CTC was scanned at the supine/prone positions using 120/100kVp and fixed 10mAs, and reconstructed using filtered back projection (FBP), adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR), and model-based IR (Veo) algorithms. Size-specific dose estimates (SSDE) and effective radiation doses were recorded. Image noise was compared among the three datasets using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Per-polyp sensitivity and figure-of-merits were compared among the datasets using the McNemar test and jackknife alternative free-response receiver operating characteristic (JAFROC) analysis, respectively, by one novice and one expert reviewer in CTC. Results: Mean SSDE and effective radiation dose of CTC were 1.732mGy and 1.002mSv, respectively. Mean image noise at supine/prone position datasets was significantly lowest with Veo (17.2/13.3), followed by ASIR (52.4/38.9) and FBP (69.9/50.8) (P<0.0001). Forty-two polyps in 25 patients were reference polyps. For both readers, per-polyp sensitivity of all 42 polyps was highest with Veo reconstruction (81.0%, 64.3%), followed by ASIR (73.8%, 54.8%) and FBP (57.1%, 50.0%) with statistical significance between Veo and FBP for reader 1 (P=0.002). JAFROC analysis revealed that the figure-of-merit for the detection of polyps was highest with Veo (0.917, 0.786), followed by ASIR (0.881, 0.750) and FBP (0.750, 0.746) with statistical significances between Veo or ASIR and FBP for reader 1 (P<0.05). Conclusion: One-mSv CTC was not feasible using the standard FBP algorithm. However, diagnostic performance expressed as per-polyp sensitivity and figures-of-merit can be improved with the application of IR algorithms, particularly Veo.

Ferrite 기지에서 Temper Carbon 의 확산에 의한 강화기구

임성욱,홍종휘,신평우,이우엽 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1983 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.21 No.6

To investigate the effects of hard eye structure on the mechanical properties of BMC (black heart malleable cast iron), a harder second phase was formed around the temper carbon by carbon diffusion. (rapid heating) Index, n, in the rate equation for the austenitization (Johnson-Mehl equation) was 1.4. It was found that, althouth the hardness increased considerably, the impact strength of BMC having a pearlitic structure surrounding the temper carbon has inferior to that of BMC having not hard eye structure, but the decrease in the impact strength was not as large as when the tempered martensitic structure was formed. Also BMC showed a change from ductile to a brittle mode of fracture with increasing the volume fraction of hard eye structure.

Air-Water 모델에서 가시화를 통한 유동특성에 관한 연구

임태훈,박근욱,서동표,정낙규,김진흥,오율권 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2002 機械技術硏究 Vol.5 No.2

In the air-water model, the characteristics of flow parameters were experimentally investigated. An electro-conductivity probe was used for measuring flow parameters such as local volume fraction and bubbles frequency. The flow parameters were very high at the near nozzle. For visualization of flow characteristics, a camera technique method and a thermo vision camera were adopted in the present study. The experimental results shows that the heat transfer from bubble surface to water is almost achieved within z=10[mm〕 from the nozzle. Then the temperature of bubble surface teaches to the water temperature in a short time. The camera and argon illumination laser were applied to the water circulation zone for flow visualization. The flow was more developed near the wall than at bubble-water plume. Voltex flow in the bottom region was relatively weaker than in the upper region.

Enhanced device performances of WSe2-MoS2 van der Waals junction p-n diode by fluoropolymer encapsulation

Jeon, P.,Min, S. W.,Kim, J.,Raza, S.,Choi, K.,Lee, H.,Lee, Y.,Hwang, D.,Choi, H.,Im, S. Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Journal of Materials Chemistry C Vol.3 No.12

子宮內胎兒死亡을 招來한 臍帶眞結節의 1例

鄭佐九,李孝杓,崔連東,任元一 大韓産婦人科學會 1968 大韓産婦人科學會雜誌 Vol.11 No.8

Extracellular vesicle-derived protein from Bifidobacterium longum alleviates food allergy through mast cell suppression

Kim, J.H.,Jeun, E.J.,Hong, C.P.,Kim, S.H.,Jang, M.S.,Lee, E.J.,Moon, S.J.,Yun, C.H.,Im, S.H.,Jeong, S.G.,Park, B.Y.,Kim, K.T.,Seoh, J.Y.,Kim, Y.K.,Oh, S.J.,Ham, J.S.,Yang, B.G.,Jang, M.H. Mosby 2016 The journal of allergy and clinical immunology Vol.137 No.2

<P>Background: The incidence of food allergies has increased dramatically during the last decade. Recently, probiotics have been studied for the prevention and treatment of allergic disease. Objective: We examined whether Bifidobacterium longum KACC 91563 and Enterococcus faecalis KACC 91532 have the capacity to suppress food allergies. Methods: B longum KACC 91563 and E faecalis KACC 91532 were administered to BALB/c wild-type mice, in which food allergy was induced by using ovalbumin and alum. Food allergy symptoms and various immune responses were assessed. Results: B longum KACC 91563, but not E faecalis KACC 91532, alleviated food allergy symptoms. Extracellular vesicles of B longum KACC 91563 bound specifically tomast cells and induced apoptosis without affecting T-cell immune responses. Furthermore, injection of family 5 extracellular solute-binding protein, a main component of extracellular vesicles, into micemarkedly reduced the occurrence of diarrhea in a mouse food allergy model. Conclusion: B longum KACC 91563 induces apoptosis of mast cells specifically and alleviates food allergy symptoms. Accordingly, B longum KACC 91563 and family 5 extracellular solute-binding protein exhibit potential as therapeutic approaches for food allergies.</P>

Structure of Full-Length SMC and Rearrangements Required for Chromosome Organization

Diebold-Durand, Marie-Laure,Lee, Hansol,Ruiz Avila, Laura B.,Noh, Haemin,Shin, Ho-Chul,Im, Haeri,Bock, Florian P.,Bü,rmann, Frank,Durand, Alexandre,Basfeld, Alrun,Ham, Sihyun,Basquin, Jé,r&o Cell Press 2017 Molecular cell Vol.67 No.2

<▼1><P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Multi-subunit SMC complexes control chromosome superstructure and promote chromosome disjunction, conceivably by actively translocating along DNA double helices. SMC subunits comprise an ABC ATPase “head” and a “hinge” dimerization domain connected by a 49 nm coiled-coil “arm.” The heads undergo ATP-dependent engagement and disengagement to drive SMC action on the chromosome. Here, we elucidate the architecture of prokaryotic Smc dimers by high-throughput cysteine cross-linking and crystallography. Co-alignment of the Smc arms tightly closes the interarm space and misaligns the Smc head domains at the end of the rod by close apposition of their ABC signature motifs. Sandwiching of ATP molecules between Smc heads requires them to substantially tilt and translate relative to each other, thereby opening up the Smc arms. We show that this mechanochemical gating reaction regulates chromosome targeting and propose a mechanism for DNA translocation based on the merging of DNA loops upon closure of Smc arms.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>•<P>Crystallography and in vivo cross-linking reveal the architecture of prokaryotic Smc</P>•<P>Juxtaposition of the Smc arms misaligns the two Smc ATPase domains</P>•<P>Smc head engagement mechanically opens an interarm space</P>•<P>A model for DNA loop extrusion driven by the SMC ATPase cycle is presented</P></P></▼2><▼3><P>By combining high-throughput in vivo cysteine cross-linking and crystallography, Diebold-Durand et al. construct a high-resolution model of full-length prokaryotic Smc. It reveals that the rod-shaped Smc dimer lacks chambers for DNA and features misaligned head domains. Smc head engagement mechanically opens an interarm space.</P></▼3>

Gut-Specific Delivery of T-Helper 17 Cells Reduces Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Mice

Hong, C.P.,Park, A.,Yang, B.G.,Yun, C.H.,Kwak, M.J.,Lee, G.W.,Kim, J.H.,Jang, M.S.,Lee, E.J.,Jeun, E.J.,You, G.,Kim, K.S.,Choi, Y.,Park, J.H.,Hwang, D.,Im, S.H.,Kim, J.F.,Kim, Y.K.,Seoh, J.Y.,Surh, C. Elsevier North Holland [etc.] 2017 Gastroenterology Vol.152 No.8

<P>BACKGROUND & AIMS: Obesity and metabolic syndrome have been associated with alterations to the intestinal microbiota. However, few studies examined the effects of obesity on the intestinal immune system. We investigated changes in subsets of intestinal CD4(+) T-helper (T-H) cells with obesity and the effects of gut-tropic T(H)17 cells in mice on a high-fat diet (HFD). METHODS: We isolated immune cells from small intestine and adipose tissue of C57BL/6 mice fed a normal chow diet or a HFD for 10 weeks and analyzed the cells by flow cytometry. Mice fed a vitamin A-deficient HFD were compared with mice fed a vitamin A-sufficient HFD. Obese RAG1-deficient mice were given injections of only regulatory T cells or a combination of regulatory T cells and T(H)17 cells (wild type or deficient in integrin beta 7 subunit or interleukin 17 [IL17]). Mice were examined for weight gain, fat mass, fatty liver, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance. Fecal samples were collected before and after T cell transfer and analyzed for microbiota composition by metagenomic DNA sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Mice placed on a HFD became obese, which affected the distribution of small intestinal CD4(+) T-H cells. Intestinal tissues from obese mice had significant reductions in the proportion of T(H)17 cells but increased proportion of T(H)1 cells, compared with intestinal tissues from nonobese mice. Depletion of vitamin A in obese mice further reduced the proportion of T(H)17 cells in small intestine; this reduction correlated with more weight gain and worsening of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Adoptive transfer of in vitro-differentiated gut-tropic T(H)17 cells to obese mice reduced these metabolic defects, which required the integrin beta 7 subunit and IL17. Delivery of T(H)17 cells to intestines of mice led to expansion of commensal microbes associated with leanness. CONCLUSIONS: In mice, intestinal T(H)17 cells contribute to development of a microbiota that maintains metabolic homeostasis, via IL17. Gut-homing T(H)17 cells might be used to reduce metabolic disorders in obese individuals.</P>