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( Markus Brem ),( Kyung Ryang Kim ) 한국농촌경제연구원 2003 Journal of Rural Development Vol.26 No.1
This paper focuses on firm restructuring in transition countries by suggesting mechanisms of governance change that can lead to self-reinforcing contracts. The urn-function model, by linking history, policy, and the relative governance share in a business sector, seeks to support the explanation of the stability of large-scale agriculture. Applied to agricultural restructuring, network externalities in governance structures and increasing transactional returns resulting socialist farming may cause the stability of large-scale farm organizations during transition, even though family farming is often expected to be more efficient according to transaction costs arguments. Some empirical evidence comes from the Czech case of post-socialist transition. Finally we try to draw out the lessons for a possible transition on the korean peninsula.
김종무,Markus Brem 한국국제농업개발학회 2000 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.12 No.3
전환기의 동유럽 국가들은 국민경제와 농업의 구조조정 정책하에서 발전되고 있는데 체코 공화국의 경우 대규모 협동농장이 운영되고 있다. 농업협동조합에서는 대규모 협동농장과 개별농장이 동시에 회원으로 가입하여 농산물을 생산할 수 있는데 모든 회원들이 조합의 의사결정에 참여한다고 하더라도 하향식의 의사결정제도를 실천하고 있다는 실증적인 사실이 최근에 들어와서 증명되고 있다. 협동조합은 원래 민주적으로 회원들의 의사결정을 존중하여야 하는데도 불구하고 사회주의 협동조합에서는 하향식의 의사결정 제도를 실천하고 있는데 최근 체코공화국의 협동조합 운영에 관한 조사자료를 중심으로 운영실태를 검토하였으므로 본 논문은 이러한 사회주의 농업협동 조합의 실태를 이해하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 기대된다. Stakeholders of collective socialist farms in 1989 often recombined their decollectivized assets in early transition into an organization, which has the legal status of a cooperative. Because of employee ownership rights and the formal participation of all owners in decision-making, agricultural economics treat cooperatives differently from individual farms and other medium-sized firms engaged in agricultural production. However, there is empirical evidence that all direct successors of the socialist farm had to downsize, no matter whether employees had a vote in the firm. From this observation arises the question for this paper on how cooperative are agricultural producer cooperatives with their stakeholders (e.g. shareholders, employees, managers, landowners) during restructuring in transition. Based on a recent survey in the Czech Republic, effective inside ownership and participation in strategic and operational decision-making is compared with other agricultural firms currently undergoing deep restructuring. Results show that inside ownership and participation do not play the role the term cooperative is attributed with rather intra-organizational decision-making seems to be managed in the same way as in firms not having the status cooperative, which what gives new insight into the standing theory.
Yield and Strain Rate Potentials for Aluminum Alloy Sheet Forming Design
Chung, Kwan Soo,Barlat, Frederic,Yoon, Jeong Whan,Richmond, Owen,Brem, John C .,Lege, Daniel J . 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1998 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.4 No.4
In this paper, potentials that analytically describe the plastic behavior of orthotropic metals are reviewed. These potentials, yield functions or strain rate potentials were expressed in six-dimensional stress or strain rate spaces, respectively. Some of the recently developed potentials that are consistent with polycrystal plasticity models are briefly discussed and applied to computational analysis and design of sheet metal forming processes.