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Shima Okada,Masaaki Makikawa,Yuko Ohno,Kumi Kato-Nishimura,Ikuko Mohri,Masako Taniike 대한의용생체공학회 2011 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.1 No.4
Purpose Obtaining an adequate amount of sleep is a necessity for normal childhood development. Gross body movements (GMs) during sleep in normal children vary by sleep stage and developmental state, and abnormalities in GMs characterize specific developmental pathophysiologies. Therefore, GM monitoring in children is of great importance when tracking normal development. While videosomnography is a widely used technique for monitoring GMs, it is qualitative, and a quantitative method for assessing GMs is required. We developed a novel, simple noncontact method based on video analysis for the detection of GMs during sleep. Methods Our method used image difference processing of videos to detect GMs. We conducted a preliminary evaluation of our technique by assessing the relationships between sleep stages determined by polysomnography and GMs assessed by the video images of 14 young children (3-7 years old). Results Our experiments suggest that this method may be used to detect GMs during sleep in children. The rates of GMs during sleep in children significantly differed among wake,light sleep, and slow wave sleep stages. However, rapid eye movement sleep was difficult to distinguish, probably due to age-related changes in neurological development. Conclusions Our novel method could detect GMs during sleep by difference processing of video images, and we demonstrated the possible utility of this technique for assessing sleep in children. Our proposed technique requires further evaluation, but we suggest that GM detection via video images may be more useful than the presently available qualitative methods.
Yoko Kato,Kuriko Kagitani-Shimono,Junko Matsuzaki,Ryuzo Hanaie,Tomoka Yamamoto,Koji Tominaga,Yoshiyuki Watanabe,Ikuko Mohri,Masako Taniike 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.3
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to clarify the relationship between white matter tracts and cognitive symptoms in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: We examined the cognitive functions of 17 children with high-functioning ASD and 18 typically developing (TD) controls and performed diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography. We compared the results between the groups and investigated the correlations between the cognitive scores and DTI parameters within each group. Results: The Comprehension scores in the ASD group exhibited a positive correlation with mean diffusivity (MD) in the forceps minor (F minor). In the TD group, the Comprehension scores were positively correlated with fractional anisotropy (FA) in the right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFO) and left anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), and negatively correlated with MD in the left ATR, radial diffusivity (RD) in the right IFO, and RD in the left ATR. Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between the Matching Numbers scores and MD in the left uncinate fasciculus and F minor, and RD in the F minor. Furthermore, the Sentence Questions scores exhibited a positive correlation with RD in the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus. Relative to TD controls, the specific tract showing a strong correlation with the cognitive scores was reduced in the ASD group. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that white matter tracts connecting specific brain areas may exhibit a weaker relationship with cognitive functions in children with ASD, resulting in less efficient cognitive pathways than those observed in TD children.