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Sleep Reactivity and Sleep Efforts in Shift Workers
Yunjee Hwang,Hyeyeon Jang,Jooyoung Lee,Sehyun Jeon,Jichul Kim,Somi Lee,Seog Ju Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.9
Objective The current study aimed to investigate the differences in sleep reactivity and sleep effort differs among late night shift workers (LSWs) and non-late night shift workers (non-LSWs), and non-shift workers (non-SWs).Methods In total, 6,023 participants (1,613 non-SWs, 3,339 LSWs, and 1,071 non-LSWs) were recruited. Non-SWs was defined as those who works at fixed schedules during standard daylight. LSWs was defined as who work late night hours (10 <sub>PM</sub>–6 <sub>AM</sub>), while non-LSWs was SWs who did not work during late night. All completed the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST), the Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale (GSES), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the short-term Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D) through online survey.Results LSWs and non-LSWs reported higher FIRST, GSES scores than non-SWs. In addition, LSWs reported higher FIRST, GSES scores than non-LSWs. FIRST scores were correlated with CES-D, PSQI, ISI, and ESS for LSWs, non-LSWs, and non-SWs alike. GSES scores were also correlated with CES-D, PSQI, ISI, and ESS for LSWs, non-LSWs, and non-SWs alike.Conclusion SWs showed higher sleep reactivity and sleep effort than non-SWs. LSWs had higher sleep reactivity and sleep effort than non-LSWs, and these variables are associated with insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and depressive symptoms. Our findings suggests that late night schedule, may increase sleep reactivity and sleep effort, which are associated with sleep and mood disturbances.
( Taesun Kim ),( Jeongil Seo ),( Yunjee Hwang ),( Sanghee Kim ) 한국감성과학회 2023 한국감성과학회 국제학술대회(ICES) Vol.2023 No.-
Empathy is an important aspect of social cognition, and its deficit has been associated with maladaptive psychological conditions. Various emotional and cognitive processes contribute to the experience of empathy. Among these, empathic concern and perspective-taking are often considered as central components. The current study aimed to test whether interventions to promote empathic concern and perspective-taking could enhance early attention to socioemotional information and perspective-taking abilities. Healthy young adults participated in this study and were assigned to one of four intervention groups. Each group receiving empathic concern promotion, visual perspective-taking promotion, a combination of both, or neither. After the completion of intervention task, participants’ attentional biases towards fearful, happy, and sad faces were assessed. Participants then completed the director task to evaluate their perspective-taking abilities. Results indicated that all groups receiving treatment tended to respond faster while taking the director’s perspective than the no treatment control Although we did not find a combined effect between these two interventions, these results indicate that interventions to promote empathic concern or visual perspective-taking improve one’s ability to take others’ perspectives. These intervention-dependent changes may facilitate socio-cognitive processes associated with empathy.
Structural Basis for the Antibiotic Resistance of Eukaryotic Isoleucyl-tRNA Synthetase
Chung, Scisung,Kim, Sulhee,Ryu, Sung Ho,Hwang, Kwang Yeon,Cho, Yunje Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2020 Molecules and cells Vol.43 No.4
Pathogenic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are attractive targets for anti-infective agents because their catalytic active sites are different from those of human ARSs. Mupirocin is a topical antibiotic that specifically inhibits bacterial isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (IleRS), resulting in a block to protein synthesis. Previous studies on Thermus thermophilus IleRS indicated that mupirocin-resistance of eukaryotic IleRS is primarily due to differences in two amino acids, His581 and Leu583, in the active site. However, without a eukaryotic IleRS structure, the structural basis for mupirocin-resistance of eukaryotic IleRS remains elusive. Herein, we determined the crystal structure of Candida albicans IleRS complexed with Ile-AMP at 2.9 A resolution. The largest difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic IleRS enzymes is closure of the active site pocket by Phe55 in the HIGH loop; Arg410 in the CP core loop; and the second Lys in the KMSKR loop. The Ile-AMP product is lodged in a closed active site, which may restrict its release and thereby enhance catalytic efficiency. The compact active site also prevents the optimal positioning of the 9-hydroxynonanoic acid of mupirocin and plays a critical role in resistance of eukaryotic IleRS to anti-infective agents.
The Influence of Life Stress and Sleep Disturbance on White Matter Integrity
Kim Minjeong,Lee Jiye,Kim Nambeom,Hwang Yunjee,Lee Kyung Hwa,Lee Jooyoung,Lee Yu Jin,Kim Seog Ju 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.5
Objective This study investigated whether sleep and stress mutually interact to induce changes in white matter integrity.Methods Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was conducted on 36 participants (male=22, female=14; mean age=38.33±12.78 years). Participants were divided into three groups depending on their sleep quality and stress levels: poor sleepers with stress, poor sleepers without stress, and good sleepers. Sleep quality and stress level were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Life Experiences Survey, respectively. Fractional anisotropy (FA) values were calculated employing DTI tractography.Results After controlling for age and sex, poor sleepers with stress exhibited a lower FA of the left inferior cerebellar peduncle (ICP) than did poor sleepers without stress (t=2.81, p=0.02). Poor sleepers without stress showed a higher FA of the right middle longitudinal fasciculus (MdLF) than did good sleepers (t=3.35, p=0.006).Conclusion The current study reports the effects of sleep, stress, and their interaction on the white matter integrities of the ICP and MdLF. ICP change seems to be associated with sleep disturbances related to stress, while MdLF change would be associated with sleep disturbances unrelated to stress.
Crystal Structure of the Rad3/XPD Regulatory Domain of Ssl1/p44
Kim, Jin Seok,Saint-André,, Charlotte,Lim, Hye Seong,Hwang, Cheol-Sang,Egly, Jean Marc,Cho, Yunje American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2015 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.290 No.13
<P>The Ssl1/p44 subunit is a core component of the yeast/mammalian general transcription factor TFIIH, which is involved in transcription and DNA repair. Ssl1/p44 binds to and stimulates the Rad3/XPD helicase activity of TFIIH. To understand the helicase stimulatory mechanism of Ssl1/p44, we determined the crystal structure of the N-terminal regulatory domain of Ssl1 from <I>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</I>. Ssl1 forms a von Willebrand factor A fold in which a central six-stranded β-sheet is sandwiched between three α helices on both sides. Structural and biochemical analyses of Ssl1/p44 revealed that the β4-α5 loop, which is frequently found at the interface between von Willebrand factor A family proteins and cellular counterparts, is critical for the stimulation of Rad3/XPD. Yeast genetics analyses showed that double mutation of Leu-239 and Ser-240 in the β4-α5 loop of Ssl1 leads to lethality of a yeast strain, demonstrating the importance of the Rad3-Ssl1 interactions to cell viability. Here, we provide a structural model for the Rad3/XPD-Ssl1/p44 complex and insights into how the binding of Ssl1/p44 contributes to the helicase activity of Rad3/XPD and cell viability.</P>
Cost-effective optical chirped duobinary transmitter using an electroabsorption modulated laser
Hanlim Lee,Hoon Kim,Jaehoon Lee,Sung Kee Kim,Gyuwoong Lee,Seongtaek Hwang,Yunje Oh,Jichai Jeong,Shim, C. IEEE 2005 IEEE photonics technology letters Vol.17 No.4
<P>We propose and demonstrate a cost-effective way to implement a 10-Gb/s chirped duobinary (CDB) transmitter using an electroabsorption modulated laser (EML) followed by a LiNbO/sub 3/ Mach-Zehnder modulator both driven with binary signals. Successful transmission is achieved over 285 km of dispersion-uncompensated standard single-mode fiber without significantly increasing the complexity and cost of the transmitter, compared to conventional duobinary transmitters. The demonstrated CDB signals exhibit a superior performance to conventional duobinary signals, in terms of back-to-back receiver sensitivity and transmission distance. We achieve consistent transmission performance with three EMLs obtained from two different vendors, each having different chirp and transmission characteristics. Therefore, we believe the use of EMLs greatly reduces the implementation issues of 10-Gb/s CDB transmission systems.</P>
Jae Hun Cho,Hoon Kim,Sihai Wang,Jaehoon Lee,Hanlim Lee,Seongtaek Hwang,Sungdae Cho,Yunje Oh,Tae-Jin Lee IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measureme Vol.58 No.8
<P>We propose and demonstrate a method to provide precise time synchronization in distributed control systems using a boundary clock scheme. The major drawback of the boundary clock scheme is the exponential accumulation of time synchronization error as the number of hops increases. To make the error accumulation linearly increase with the number of hops, we first separate the frequency compensation interval (FCI) and the offset and frequency compensation interval (OFCI) and then separately optimize each interval. To demonstrate the performance of this method, we implemented test benches using Ethernet-linked distributed control systems. We measured the peak-to-peak jitter performance along with the maximum time interval error to assess the short- and long-term stability after several hops in distributed control systems. Our method enables the peak-to-peak jitter to be maintained under 107 ns after seven hops. The experimental results show that the performance of time synchronization is dominated by fast jitter rather than frequency error and wander, and the proposed scheme can be used to improve the time synchronization performance in IEEE 1588-compliant control systems using boundary clock.</P>
단 방향 유동-구조 연성해석을 통한 원심압축기의 익단간극 변화량 및 성능 평가
김창희(Changhee Kim),양장식(Jansik Yang),손창민(Changmin Son),이호림(Horim Lee),황윤제(Yunje Hwang),정진희(Jinhee Jeong) 대한기계학회 2013 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2013 No.12
An analytic study is presented to investigate the effects of a tip clearance on the stage performance of a centrifugal compressor having vaned diffuser. Furthermore, fluid-structure coupled analysis was conducted to predict the tip profile of the deformed impeller. Flow characteristics of tip leakage flow and loss mechanism was investigated as tip leakage flow interacts with main impeller passage flow. The predicted performance of impeller decreases as the tip clearance increases. Using one-way FSI coupling, the tip profile of the deformed impeller was predicted. The level of deformation hence tip clearance varies from leading to trailing edge of the blade. The largest deformation occurs at the tip of blade leading edge as well as trailing edge.