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네종 작물에 대한 Juglans regia L. 의 알레로패티 효과
Hussain Farrukh,Ihsan Ilahi,길봉섭 (Bong Seop Kil) 한국식물학회 1991 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.34 No.2
Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a common cultivated and wild deciduous tree in the temperate regions of Pakistan and elsewhere. A bare of poor understorey of wild of cultivated species is frequently observed beneath and around it. Soil analysis indicated insignificant differences in nutrient status of soils taken from areas with of without walnut influence. Field investigations revealed that the height, shoot, fresh and dry weight of potato, turnip, corn and bean significantly decreased in the walnut-influenced parts of the field compared to their counter-parts in the same field but without walnut influence. Aqueous extracts from various parts, shoot litter, natural rain leachates and soil collected from beneath walnut significantly reduced the germination, early seedling growth, fresh and dry weight, and moisture contents of corn, turnip and bean in various laboratory experiments. Ferulic, p-coumaric, caffeic, vanillic, p-hydroxybenzoic, chlorogenic and gallic acid were identified as the possible allelopathic substances in the aquous extracts and rain leachates of the walnut tree. The findings suggest that the observed poor growth of crops is due to allelopathic effects of walnut.
Allelopathic Suppression of Wheat and Mustard by Rumex dentatus ssp. Klotzschianus
Hussain, Farrukh,Mobeen, Faisal,Kil, Bong-Seop,Yoo, Sung Oh 한국식물학회 1997 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.40 No.2
Laboratory studies were conducted to see the allelopathic suppression of wheat and mustard by Rumex dentatus ssp. klotzschianus (Meissn) Rech. It was observed that aqueous extracts, rain leachates and litter from dried and fresh shoot and roots invariably inhibited the germination and seedling growth of both the crop species. Soil collected from beneath Rumex dentatus also proved harmful for the germination and seedling growth. it is suggested that Rumex dentatus ssp. klotzschianus exhibits allelopathy against wheat and mustard.
Willingness to Shift towards Biogas-fueled Bus Rapid Transit in Karachi, Pakistan
Farrukh Baig,Aqsa Talpur,Gopal Das,Mir Aftab Hussain Talpur,Jaeyoung Lee 대한토목학회 2024 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.28 No.4
Traffic-related environmental pollution has emerged as a concerning issue due to the increasing number of privately owned vehicles. To encourage environmentally friendly mobility, a biogas-fueled bus rapid transit (BRT) has been implemented in Karachi, Pakistan. Nevertheless, the success of the BRT system depends on effectively attracting travelers to adopt this new mode of transportation. Thus, this study explores the factors affecting the public willingness to shift to the biogas-fueled BRT by applying the push-pull-mooring theory framework. A disjoint reflective-reflective second-order model was developed using the structural equation modeling technique. This study found that push factor (perceived inconvenience and perceived environmental threat), pull factor (green transport policies, biogas-fueled BRT system, and subjective norms), Mooring (inertia), and media influence (social media influence and traditional media influence) are the factors directly or indirectly affecting the willingness to shift towards biogas-fueled BRT in Karachi, Pakistan. This study sheds light on the importance of designing green transport policies and green infrastructure, developing positive subjective norms about biogas-fueled BRT, and enhancing a sense of convenience traveling through biogas-fueled BRT. Additionally, the study suggests that disseminating awareness about environmental threats and managerial applications to discourage using privately owned vehicles will help shift people toward biogas-fueled BRT.
A Collaborative decision making for distributed detection system
Ashfaq Hussain Farooqi(아쉬팍 후세인 파루키),Wang Jin(왕진),Farrukh Aslam Khan(파루크 아슬람 칸),Sungyoung Lee(이승룡) 한국정보과학회 2011 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.38 No.1D
Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are supposed to be an efficient safety measure against inside attacks. In purely distributed IDS approach, IDS agent is installed in every node. It checks abnormal behavior of neighboring nodes locally. It collects the data that it receives from nodes in its radio range. Sensor nodes audit that data and generate alerts for abnormal activity. Here, there are two ways of taking decision. First, it can take decision individually and second, it can communicate with its neighbor to find the status of the claimed compromised nodes. In this paper, we propose a collaborative decision making scheme for purely distributed detection system. The proposed scheme is light weight compared to consensus based validation methodology. It provides a better scheme to find intrusions by interacting with other nodes.
Adhatoda visica NEES 의 알레로페티 효과
Ayaz Sajjida,Farrukh Hussain,Ihsan Ilahi,길봉섭 (Bong Seop Kil) 한국식물학회 1989 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.32 No.2
Adhatoda vasica Nees is a shrubby component of tropical and subtropical vegetation in Pakistan. It harbours relatively few unhealthy associated species in and around its thickets. Aqueous extracts, rain leachates, litter from shoots and soil underneath it invariably reduced germination, early growth, biomass, moisture and chlorophyll contents of Pennisetum americamm, Setaria italica, Zea mays, Brassica campestris and Triticum vulgare in different laboratory experiments. Chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of caffeic, ferulic, vanillic, p-coumaric, p-OH-benzoic, and tannic acids in aqueous extracts. The phytotoxicity was related to the test species used, part assayed and parameter measured. It is suggested that the preclusion of the associated species and the dominance of A. vasica is primarily due to allelopathy. Negative grazing also provides better chances for its establishment.
Allelopathic Potential of Adhatoda vasica NEES
Ayaz,Sajjida,Hussain, Farrukh,Ilahi, Ihsan,Kil, Bong-Seop 圓光大學校 基礎自然科學硏究所 1989 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.3
파키스탄에 나는 Adhatoda vasica는 열대, 아열대성 관목으로 덤불을 이루고 있는데 그 주위에는 식물이 비교적 드물고 잘 자라지 못한다. 그래서 이 식물의 수용추출액, 빗물세탈액, 낙엽 낙지 및 임상토양을 써서 5종 실험 식물의 종자발아, 유식물 생장, 생체량, 수분과 엽록소 함량을 조사해 본 결과 상당히 억제됨을 알았다. 크로마토그래피 분석으로 caffeic acid등 5종의 화학물질을 확인했으며 이들은 A. vasica식물이 우점하며 그 주위 식물에 미치는 영향 즉 알에로패티작용에 일차적으로 관계가 있다고 본다. Adhatoda vasica Nees is a shrubby component of tropical and subtropical vegetation in Pakistan. It harbours relatively few unhealthy associated species in and around its thickets. Aqucous extracts, ram leachates, litter from shoots and soil underneath it invariably reduced germination, early growth, biomass, moisture and chlorophyll contents of Pemnisetum americanum, Setaria italica, Zea mays, Brassica campestris and Triticum vulgare in different laboratory experiments. Chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of caffeic, ferulic, vanillic, p-coumaric, p-OH-benzoic, and tannic acids in aqucous extracts. The phytotoxicity was related to the test species used, part assayed and parameter measured. It is suggested that the preclusion of the associated species and the dominance of A. vasica is primarily due to allelopathy. Negative grazing also provides better chances for its establishment.
Unearthing the potential sustainability of cellulose and exploring its source, fate, and recovery
Sarah Mushtaq,Farrukh Jamil,Murid Hussain,Abrar Inayat,Parveen Akhter,Khaliq Majeed,Muhammad Shahzad Khurram,Muhammad Aslam,Jechan Lee,Young-Kwon Park 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.6
Wastewater from the textile industry: Review of the technologies for wastewater treatment and reuse
Ahsan Ali,Jamil Farrukh,Rashad Moeen Ali,Hussain Murid,Inayat Abrar,Akhter Parveen,Al-Muhtaseb Ala’a H.,Lin Kun-Yi Andrew,박영권 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.9
The textile industry is water intensive and discharges numerous coloring compounds into the water body that depend on the industry’s geographical location, the wet processes used for manufacturing, processing conditions, and the substrates involved. Textile wastewater contains chlorobenzenes, phthalates, heavy metals, azo dyes, and chlorophenols that have severe health issues, such as being allergenic, cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic threats to living organisms. The differing concentrations of sulfates, chlorides, TOC, TDS, TSS, BOD, COD, high pH, and dye content characterize textile wastewater. To protect the environment and public health, a higher concentration of these items in textile wastewater is needed to treat the textile wastewater effluent before discharge. The conventional treatment methods are not able to fully remove the pollutants, such as physical treatments can only remove grease, oil, and TSS, whereas biological wastewater treatment (aerobic and anaerobic) can only decrease colors, COD, BOD, oil, and phenol with a higher accomplishment period and by-products. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective ecofriendly, cost-effective, novel techniques, such as membrane technology, and a promising method with fewer by-products. The activated carbon method effectively removes heavy metals and dyes from the textile wastewater, and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are a recent development in textile wastewater treatment processes. Combining AOPs methods has been proven effective in removing pollutants when combined with biological and advanced physical processes. This paper reviews the textile manufacturing process, textile wastewater characteristics, textile wastewater’s impact on the environment and health, and the available textile wastewater treatment approach.
Inamullah Douna,Sarah Farrukh,Arshad Hussain,Zarrar Salahuddin,Tayyaba Noor,Erum Pervaiz,Mohammad Younas,Xian Feng Fan 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.1
Processed gas streams from the water gas shift reactor (WGSR) are enriched with CO2 and H2. Purification of H2 from CO2 for different applications is required because of its environmental and economic benefits. Among different separation technologies, membrane technology gets much attention due to its various advantages. In this work, cellulose acetate/polysulfone blended membranes were fabricated via solution casting method for CO2/H2 separation. The separation performance of pure CA membrane was enhanced by addition of PSF. The fabricated membranes were analyzed through various characterization techniques, such as FTIR, SEM, DSC, and XRD. Gas permeation results show that permeability of CO2 increased with increasing concentration of PSF. Notable permeability (P=80.51 Barrer) of CO2 and selectivity of CO2/H2=1.83 of CA/PSF 2wt% were achieved at 25 oC and 2.5 bar compared to pure CA membrane. To the best of our knowledge, this blend has been studied for the first time for gas separation, prepared through the solution casting method.