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Electric-field-induced spin disorder-to-order transition near a multiferroic triple phase point
Jang, Byung-Kweon,Lee, Jin Hong,Chu, Kanghyun,Sharma, Pankaj,Kim, Gi-Yeop,Ko, Kyung-Tae,Kim, Kwang-Eun,Kim, Yong-Jin,Kang, Kyungrok,Jang, Han-Byul,Jang, Hoyoung,Jung, Min Hwa,Song, Kyung,Koo, Tae Yeon Nature Publishing Group 2017 Nature physics Vol.13 No.2
<P>The emergence of a triple phase point in a two-dimensional parameter space (such as pressure and temperature) can offer unforeseen opportunities for the coupling of two seemingly independent order parameters. On the basis of this, we demonstrate the electric control of magnetic order by manipulating chemical pressure: lanthanum substitution in the antiferromagnetic ferroelectric BiFeO3. Our demonstration relies on the finding that a multiferroic triple phase point of a single spin-disordered phase and two spin-ordered phases emerges near room temperature in Bi0.9La0.1FeO3 ferroelectric thin films. By using spatially resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy, we provide direct evidence that the electric poling of a particular region of the compound near the triple phase point results in an antiferromagnetic phase while adjacent unpoled regions remain magnetically disordered, opening a promising avenue for magnetoelectric applications at room temperature.</P>
Jang, Hoyoung,Friemel, G.,Ollivier, J.,Dukhnenko, A. V.,Shitsevalova, N. Yu.,Filipov, V. B.,Keimer, B.,Inosov, D. S. Nature Publishing Group 2014 NATURE MATERIALS Vol.13 No.7
Heavy-fermion metals exhibit a plethora of low-temperature ordering phenomena . Among these are the so-called hidden-order phases that, in contrast to conventional magnetic order, are invisible to standard neutron diffraction experiments. One of the structurally most simple hidden-order compounds, CeB<SUB>6</SUB>, has been intensively studied for an elusive phase that was attributed to the antiferroquadrupolar ordering of cerium-4f moments . As the ground state of CeB<SUB>6</SUB> is characterized by a more conventional antiferromagnetic (AFM) order , the low-temperature physics of this system has generally been assumed to be governed solely by AFM interactions between the dipolar and multipolar Ce moments . Here we overturn this established picture by observing an intense ferromagnetic (FM) low-energy collective mode that dominates the magnetic excitation spectrum of CeB<SUB>6</SUB>. Inelastic neutron-scattering data reveal that the intensity of this FM excitation significantly exceeds that of conventional spin-wave magnons emanating from the AFM wavevectors, thus placing CeB<SUB>6</SUB> much closer to a FM instability than previously anticipated. This propensity for ferromagnetism may account for much of the unexplained behaviour of CeB<SUB>6</SUB>, and should lead to a re-examination of existing theories that have so far largely neglected the role of FM interactions.
김호영(Hoyoung Kim),박찬범(Chanbum Park),방수용(Sooyong Bang),장호영(Hoyoung Jang),김용주(Yongju Kim),이석민(Sukmin Lee) 물리치료재활과학회 2021 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.10 No.2
Objective: Single leg bridge exercise (SLBE) improves trunk muscle activation and provides muscle stability by aligning jointsrelated to posture. This preliminary study aimed to investigate the effects of SLBE on abdominal muscle activation in subacutestroke patients. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Fifteen subacute stroke patients (9 males, 6 females) voluntarily participated in this study. SLBE was performed on theaffected side. Each individual patient performed an SLBE ten times in three sets and was asked to hold their position for 5 s. Muscles activity was recorded using a surface electromyography (EMG) system before and after the SLBE. A surface EMGsystem was used to analyze the muscle activity during general bridge exercise, including the rectus abdominis (RA), internaloblique (IO), and external oblique (EO) abdominal muscles. Results: Muscle activity of both EO and IO on the affected side significantly increased (p<0.05), whereas the muscle activity ofthe RA and the three muscles on the unaffected side did not show a significant difference. In addition, improvement in muscleasymmetry of the EO and IO showed a significant change after SLBE (p<0.05). Conclusions: SLBE is effective in activating the abdominal muscles of stroke patients on the affected side and is a helpfulexercise intervention that activates the muscles to transform asymmetric abdominal muscles into symmetric patterns.
자율주행 ECU의 보안성 평가를 위한 HILS 환경개발 및 시뮬레이션
윤호영(Hoyoung Yun),강래청(Raecheong Kang),장은영(Eunyoung Jang) 한국자동차공학회 2023 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2023 No.11
The advancement of autonomous driving technology plays a pivotal role in transforming the driving environment and enhancing the efficiency and convenience of vehicle operation. However, autonomous driving systems are composed of various Electronic Control Units (ECUs) connected through networks, making them susceptible to security attacks such as hacking. These attacks can lead to severe consequences, including system manipulation and personal data breaches, highlighting the critical issue of security. As a result, evaluating the security of autonomous driving systems is of utmost importance. Security evaluation involves thorough validation of various attack scenarios and threat models for ECUs to identify potential vulnerabilities and weaknesses. To achieve this, our research leverages Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) simulation and the Controller Area Network (CAN) Fuzzer technique. HIL simulation is a robust method that combines real hardware and software components to conduct experiments under conditions closely resembling actual operating environments. In this study, we establish an HIL simulation environment to simulate the interaction between an autonomous driving logic-equipped vehicle model and ECUs. The CAN Fuzzer is a tool that transmits massive input data to ECUs via the CAN communication protocol, generated randomly. Such input data is employed for modeling unexpected and attack scenarios. Fuzzer, in conjunction with the connected CAN bus network, evaluates how ECUs respond to attacks. The primary objective of this study is to develop a methodology for assessing the security of autonomous driving ECUs by combining HIL simulation and the CAN Fuzzer technique. This methodology encompasses the detection of potential security vulnerabilities and the assessment of exploitability, among various factors, including emergency response calculation. Therefore, in this paper, we conduct research involving HIL simulation to test the systems response in various situations of autonomous vehicles and employ CAN Fuzzer to identify ECU vulnerabilities in the development of a security evaluation methodology