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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Holme, P. (검색결과 172 건)
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Analyzing Temporal Networks in Social Media
IEEE 2014 Proceedings of the Institute of Electrical and Ele Vol.102 No.12
<P>Many types of social media metadata come in forms of temporal networks, networks where we have information about not only who is in contact with whom but also when contacts happen. In this paper, we review methods to analyze temporal networks developed in the last few years applied to social media data. These methods seek to identify important spreaders and, in more generality, how the temporal and topological structure of interaction affects spreading processes.</P>
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Epidemiologically Optimal Static Networks from Temporal Network Data
Public Library of Science 2013 PLoS computational biology Vol.9 No.7
<P>One of network epidemiology's central assumptions is that the contact structure over which infectious diseases propagate can be represented as a static network. However, contacts are highly dynamic, changing at many time scales. In this paper, we investigate conceptually simple methods to construct static graphs for network epidemiology from temporal contact data. We evaluate these methods on empirical and synthetic model data. For almost all our cases, the network representation that captures most relevant information is a so-called exponential-threshold network. In these, each contact contributes with a weight decreasing exponentially with time, and there is an edge between a pair of vertices if the weight between them exceeds a threshold. Networks of aggregated contacts over an optimally chosen time window perform almost as good as the exponential-threshold networks. On the other hand, networks of accumulated contacts over the entire sampling time, and networks of concurrent partnerships, perform worse. We discuss these observations in the context of the temporal and topological structure of the data sets.</P><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>To understand how diseases spread in a population, it is important to study the network of people in contact. Many methods to model epidemic outbreaks make the assumption that one can treat this network as static. In reality, we know that contact patterns between people change in time, and old contacts are soon irrelevant—it does not matter that we know Marie Antoinette's lovers to understand the HIV epidemic. This paper investigates methods for constructing networks of people that are as relevant as possible for disease spreading. The most promising method we call exponential-threshold network works by letting contacts contribute less, the further from the beginning of an outbreak they take place. We investigate the methods both on artificial models of the contact patterns and empirical data. Except searching for the optimal network representation, we also investigate how the structure of the original data set affects the performance of the representations.</P>
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Impact of mobility structure on optimization of small-world networks of mobile agents
Lee, Eun,Holme, Petter Springer-Verlag 2016 The European physical journal. B Vol.89 No.6
<P>In ad hoc wireless networking, units are connected to each other rather than to a central, fixed, infrastructure. Constructing and rhaintaining such networks create several trade-off problems between robustness, communication speed, power consumption, etc., that bridges engineering, computer science and the physics of complex systems. In this work, we address the role of mobility patterns of the agents on the optimal tuning of a small -world type network construction method. By this method, the network is updated periodically and held static between the updates. We investigate the optimal updating times for different scenarios of the movement of agents (modeling, for example, the fat -tailed trip distances, and periodicities, of human travel). We find that these mobility patterns affect the power consumption in non-trivial ways and discuss how these effects can best be handled.</P>
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Modeling the dynamics of dissent
Lee, Eun,Holme, Petter,Lee, Sang Hoon Elsevier 2017 PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIO Vol.486 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We investigate the formation of opinion against authority in an authoritarian society composed of agents with different levels of authority. We explore a “dissenting” opinion, held by lower-ranking, obedient, or less authoritative people, spreading in an environment of an “affirmative” opinion held by authoritative leaders. A real-world example would be a corrupt society where people revolt against such leaders, but it can be applied to more general situations. In our model, agents can change their opinion depending on their authority relative to their neighbors and their own confidence level. In addition, with a certain probability, agents can override the affirmative opinion to take the dissenting opinion of a neighbor. Based on analytic derivation and numerical simulations, we observe that both the network structure and heterogeneity in authority, and their correlation, significantly affect the possibility of the dissenting opinion to spread through the population. In particular, the dissenting opinion is suppressed when the authority distribution is very heterogeneous and there exists a positive correlation between the authority and the number of neighbors of people (degree). Except for such an extreme case, though, spreading of the dissenting opinion takes place when people have the tendency to override the authority to hold the dissenting opinion, but the dissenting opinion can take a long time to spread to the entire society, depending on the model parameters. We argue that the internal social structure of agents sets the scale of the time to reach consensus, based on the analysis of the underlying structural properties of opinion spreading.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A dissenting opinion can spread against authority from the systematic bias toward it. </LI> <LI> The heterogeneity in the authority and network is crucial for the opinion spreading. </LI> <LI> The detailed dynamics corresponds to percolation-like opinion group formation. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Emergent Hierarchical Structures in Multiadaptive Games
Lee, Sungmin,Holme, Petter,Wu, Zhi-Xi American Physical Society 2011 Physical review letters Vol.106 No.2
<P>We investigate a game-theoretic model of a social system where both the rules of the game and the interaction structure are shaped by the behavior of the agents. We call this type of model, with several types of feedback couplings from the behavior of the agents to their environment, a multiadaptive game. Our model has a complex behavior with several regimes of different dynamic behavior accompanied by different network topological properties. Some of these regimes are characterized by heterogeneous, hierarchical interaction networks, where cooperation and network topology coemerge from the dynamics.</P>
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