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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Hermann J. Gruber (검색결과 1 건)
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Single-Molecule AFM Studies of Substrate Transport by Using the Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter SGLT1
Theeraporn Puntheeranurak,Rolf K. H. Kinne,Hermann J. Gruber,Peter Hinterdorfer 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.5
In an apical membrane of epithelial cells from the small intestine and the kidney, the high-affinity Na+/D-glucose cotransporter type 1 (SGLT1) plays a crucial role in intestinal glucose absorp- tion and in renal glucose reabsorption. Here, the over-expression of rabbit SGLT1 in rbSGLT1- transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was first characterized using the immuno-staining method on non-permeabilized cells. The cells were then imaged with atomic force microscopy (AFM), revealing live and fixed cells strongly attached to the glass surfaces. A bioconjugate chem- istry approach was employed to functionalize the surfaces of the AFM tips with D-glucose molecules via three dierent heterobifunctional crosslinkers. The D-glucose binding site and the translocation pathway of SGLT1 were investigated by studying the interaction forces between tip-bound D-glucose and SGLT1 in live cells on the single-molecule level. Analysis of these forces suggested that a long crosslinker with a small end group might be suitable for probing the D-glucose transport pathway of SGLT1. We show that single-molecule AFM technology is a powerful method for investigating transmembrane proteins and transporter functions in live cells. In an apical membrane of epithelial cells from the small intestine and the kidney, the high-affinity Na+/D-glucose cotransporter type 1 (SGLT1) plays a crucial role in intestinal glucose absorp- tion and in renal glucose reabsorption. Here, the over-expression of rabbit SGLT1 in rbSGLT1- transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was first characterized using the immuno-staining method on non-permeabilized cells. The cells were then imaged with atomic force microscopy (AFM), revealing live and fixed cells strongly attached to the glass surfaces. A bioconjugate chem- istry approach was employed to functionalize the surfaces of the AFM tips with D-glucose molecules via three dierent heterobifunctional crosslinkers. The D-glucose binding site and the translocation pathway of SGLT1 were investigated by studying the interaction forces between tip-bound D-glucose and SGLT1 in live cells on the single-molecule level. Analysis of these forces suggested that a long crosslinker with a small end group might be suitable for probing the D-glucose transport pathway of SGLT1. We show that single-molecule AFM technology is a powerful method for investigating transmembrane proteins and transporter functions in live cells.
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