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Dillip, G.R.,Kumar, Grandhe Bhaskar,Bandi, Vengala Rao,Hareesh, M.,Deva Prasad Raju, B.,Joo, S.W.,Bharat, L. Krishna,Yu, Jae Su ELSEVIER SCIENCE 2017 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.699 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A single-phase white-light-emitting phosphor, K<SUB>3</SUB>ZnB<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>10</SUB>:Dy<SUP>3+</SUP>, has been synthesized by a conventional solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to determine the monoclinic crystal structure of phosphors. The surface states, B 1s, O 1s, K 2p, Zn 2p, and Dy 3d of the phosphor was quantified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) revealed double absorption edges at 3.27 and 5.46 eV for K<SUB>3</SUB>ZnB<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>10</SUB> matrix. The formation of defect-levels, zinc interstitials ( Z <SUB> n i </SUB> ) , zinc vacancies ( <SUB> V Z n </SUB> ) , oxygen antisites ( <SUB> O Z n </SUB> ) and oxygen vacancies ( <SUB> V O </SUB> ) in K<SUB>3</SUB>ZnB<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>10</SUB>:Dy<SUP>3+</SUP> phosphors were identified by photoluminescent (PL) spectroscopy. The emissions at 405 nm (violet-I), 434 nm (violet-II), and 467 nm (blue) are due to intra-band transitions of ( F X → <SUB> V Z n </SUB> ) , ( Z <SUB> n i </SUB> → <SUB> V Z n </SUB> ) and ( Z <SUB> n i </SUB> → <SUB> O Z n </SUB> ) of the host, respectively. Similarly, the emission at 517 nm (green) corresponds to the transition from free excitons to the oxygen vacancies in the host ( F X → <SUB> V O </SUB> ) . The emissions at 575 and 665 nm are assigned to the <I>f-f</I> transitions of Dy<SUP>3+</SUP> ions within the host matrix. An energy level diagram is proposed to describe the host emission and possible energy transfer from the host to dopant ions in the single-phase phosphor. The phosphor shows good thermal stability with activation energy of 0.52 eV. The combined emissions in the blue, green, yellow, and red regions resulted in white light emission with CIE coordinates of (0.256, 0.258) on the CIE diagram.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Versatile host-sensitized white light emission, K<SUB>3</SUB>ZnB<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>10</SUB>:Dy<SUP>3+</SUP> phosphor was synthesized. </LI> <LI> Defect-related surface analysis of phosphor was studied by XPS. </LI> <LI> Energy level diagram was designed to show host to dopant energy transfer process. </LI> <LI> The phosphor has shown good thermal stability with activation energy of 0.52 eV. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Detecting Conditional Independence for Modeling Non-Gaussian Time Series
Kattumannil Sudheesh K.,Mathew Deemat C.,Hareesh G. 한국통계학회 2020 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.49 No.2
Entropy based dependence measures are used as an alternative to correlation for determining the lag dependency of time series models. In this study, we explore the properties of partial autoinformation function (PAIF) to identify the lag dependency of non-linear and non-Gaussian autoregressive models. Non-parametric estimators of autoinformation function (AIF) and PAIF are obtained and then studied its asymptotic properties. A bootstrap algorithm is developed for testing significance of PAIF at different lags. Finally, we present numerical study to illustrate the use of AIF and PAIF for identifying the order of AR processes.