독일민주공화국에서의 종교와 사회

H. Moritz 한신대학교 신학사상연구소 1986 신학사상 Vol.53 No.-

Apparent metabolizable energy, growth performance and carcass traits of Japanese quail fed select modern grain sorghum varieties

Moritz A. H.,Krombeen S. K.,Presgraves J.,Blair M. E.,Buresh R. E.,Bridges W. C.,Arguelles-Ramos M.,Wilmoth T. A. 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.12

Objective: This study was performed to determine the apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) content of tannin-free red/bronze, white/tan and U.S. No. 2 varieties of grain sorghum for feeding Japanese quail and validate their nutrient profile by evaluating effects on performance and carcass traits with full-substitution of corn. Methods: Experiment 1 determined the AMEn content of red/bronze, white/tan, and U.S. No. 2 grain sorghum varieties fed to mixed-sex Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) (n = 314) at 3 and 6-weeks of age. Analyses were based on a 2×4 factorial treatment design with age and grain types defining the treatments, and a randomized complete block experiment design with cage and trials defining the block. AMEn values were validated by evaluating the performance and carcass traits of Japanese quail (n = 644) from 1 to 40 days of age in Experiment 2 with birds were fed 1 of 4 complete diets. Statistical analyses were conducted on performance data and select individual carcass trait measurements. Results: Determined AMEn values at 3-weeks of age were 3,524±122.03 (red/bronze), 3,252± 122.03 (white/tan), and 3,039±123.44 (U.S. No. 2) kcal/kg. At 6-weeks of age, determined AMEn were 3,373±297.35 (red/bronze), 3,279±297.35 (white/tan), and 2,966±298.64 (U.S. No. 2) kcal/kg. Carcass traits showed live body weight (p = 0.0409) and hot carcass weight (p = 0.0234) were greatest in U.S. No. 2; however, carcass yield (p<0.0001) was lowest. No significant differences were observed among treatments for feed intake, feed conversion ratio, breast weight and breast yield (p>0.05). Conclusion: These studies demonstrated that tannin-free grain sorghum varieties may be a potential alternative to corn in quail diets while maintaining growth performance and carcass parameters. Objective: This study was performed to determine the apparent metabolizable energy (AME_n) content of tannin-free red/bronze, white/tan and U.S. No. 2 varieties of grain sorghum for feeding Japanese quail and validate their nutrient profile by evaluating effects on performance and carcass traits with full-substitution of corn.Methods: Experiment 1 determined the AME_n content of red/bronze, white/tan, and U.S. No. 2 grain sorghum varieties fed to mixed-sex Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix japonica</i>) (n = 314) at 3 and 6-weeks of age. Analyses were based on a 2×4 factorial treatment design with age and grain types defining the treatments, and a randomized complete block experiment design with cage and trials defining the block. AME_n values were validated by evaluating the performance and carcass traits of Japanese quail (n = 644) from 1 to 40 days of age in Experiment 2 with birds were fed 1 of 4 complete diets. Statistical analyses were conducted on performance data and select individual carcass trait measurements.Results: Determined AME_n values at 3-weeks of age were 3,524±122.03 (red/bronze), 3,252±122.03 (white/tan), and 3,039±123.44 (U.S. No. 2) kcal/kg. At 6-weeks of age, determined AME_n were 3,373±297.35 (red/bronze), 3,279±297.35 (white/tan), and 2,966±298.64 (U.S. No. 2) kcal/kg. Carcass traits showed live body weight (p = 0.0409) and hot carcass weight (p = 0.0234) were greatest in U.S. No. 2; however, carcass yield (p<0.0001) was lowest. No significant differences were observed among treatments for feed intake, feed conversion ratio, breast weight and breast yield (p>0.05).Conclusion: These studies demonstrated that tannin-free grain sorghum varieties may be a potential alternative to corn in quail diets while maintaining growth performance and carcass parameters.

Cost of Illness Due to Typhoid Fever in Pemba, Zanzibar, East Africa

Riewpaiboon, Arthorn,Piatti, Moritz,Ley, Benedikt,Deen, Jacqueline,Thriemer, Kamala,von Seidlein, Lorenz,Salehjiddawi, Mohammad,Busch, Clara Jana-Lui,Schmied, Wolfgang H.,Ali, Said Mohammed,The Typhoi International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Resear 2014 Journal of health, population, and nutrition Vol.32 No.3

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>The aim of this study was to estimate the economic burden of typhoid fever in Pemba, Zanzibar, East Africa. This study was an incidence-based cost-of-illness analysis from a societal perspective. It covered new episodes of blood culture-confirmed typhoid fever in patients presenting at the outpatient or inpatient departments of three district hospitals between May 2010 and December 2010. Cost of illness was the sum of direct costs and costs for productivity loss. Direct costs covered treatment, travel, and meals. Productivity costs were loss of income by patients and caregivers. The analysis included 17 episodes. The mean age of the patients, was 23 years (range=5-65, median=22). Thirty-five percent were inpatients, with a mean of 4.75 days of hospital stay (range=3-7, median=4.50). The mean cost for treatment alone during hospital care was US$ 21.97 at 2010 prices (US$ 1=1,430.50 Tanzanian Shilling─TSH). The average societal cost was US$ 154.47 per typhoid episode. The major expenditure was productivity cost due to lost wages of US$ 128.02 (83%). Our results contribute to the further economic evaluation of typhoid fever vaccination in Zanzibar and other sub-Saharan African countries.</P>

Femtosecond electron-phonon lock-in by photoemission and x-ray free-electron laser

Gerber, S.,Yang, S.-L.,Zhu, D.,Soifer, H.,Sobota, J. A.,Rebec, S.,Lee, J. J.,Jia, T.,Moritz, B.,Jia, C.,Gauthier, A.,Li, Y.,Leuenberger, D.,Zhang, Y.,Chaix, L.,Li, W.,Jang, H.,Lee, J.-S.,Yi, M.,Dakovs American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2017 Science Vol.357 No.6346

<P><B>A deeper look into iron selenide</B></P><P>In the past 10 years, iron-based superconductors have created more puzzles than they have helped resolve. Some of the most fundamental outstanding questions are how strong the interactions are and what the electron pairing mechanism is. Now two groups have made contributions toward resolving these questions in the intriguing compound iron selenide (FeSe) (see the Perspective by Lee). Gerber <I>et al.</I> used photoemission spectroscopy coupled with x-ray diffraction to find that FeSe has a very sizable electron-phonon interaction. Quasiparticle interference imaging helped Sprau <I>et al.</I> determine the shape of the superconducting gap and find that the electron pairing in FeSe is orbital-selective.</P><P><I>Science</I>, this issue p. 71, p. 75; see also p. 32</P><P>The interactions that lead to the emergence of superconductivity in iron-based materials remain a subject of debate. It has been suggested that electron-electron correlations enhance electron-phonon coupling in iron selenide (FeSe) and related pnictides, but direct experimental verification has been lacking. Here we show that the electron-phonon coupling strength in FeSe can be quantified by combining two time-domain experiments into a “coherent lock-in” measurement in the terahertz regime. X-ray diffraction tracks the light-induced femtosecond coherent lattice motion at a single phonon frequency, and photoemission monitors the subsequent coherent changes in the electronic band structure. Comparison with theory reveals a strong enhancement of the coupling strength in FeSe owing to correlation effects. Given that the electron-phonon coupling affects superconductivity exponentially, this enhancement highlights the importance of the cooperative interplay between electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions.</P>

Photon energy dependent circular dichroism in angle-resolved photoemission from Au(111) surface states

Ryu, Hanyoung,Song, Inkyung,Kim, Beomyoung,Cho, Soohyun,Soltani, Shoresh,Kim, Timur,Hoesch, Moritz,Kim, Choong H.,Kim, Changyoung American Physical Society 2017 Physical Review B Vol.95 No.11

<P>We performed angle-resolved photoemission experiments on Au(111) surface with circularly polarized light. Data were taken with photon energies in the range between 20 and 100 eV in order to investigate the photon energy dependent behavior in the circular dichroism (CD). While the magnitude of the normalized CD value varies with a maximum value of about 70%, the sign of CD does not change for the photon energy within the range, inconsistent with the prediction based on the density-functional theory (DFT) calculation. Our calculation of the CD using DFT initial state and free electron final state shows a better consistency with experimental results than an earlier study using the inverse low-energy electron diffraction state as the final state. We briefly discuss the dominating factor that determines the CD from Au(111) states.</P>

Direct Reprogramming of Fibroblasts into Neural Stem Cells by Defined Factors

Han, D.,Tapia, N.,Hermann, A.,Hemmer, K.,Hoing, S.,Arauzo-Bravo, Marcos J.,Zaehres, H.,Wu, G.,Frank, S.,Moritz, S.,Greber, B.,Yang, J.,Lee, H.,Schwamborn, Jens C.,Storch, A.,Scholer, Hans R. Cell Press 2012 Cell stem cell Vol.10 No.4

Recent studies have shown that defined sets of transcription factors can directly reprogram differentiated somatic cells to a different differentiated cell type without passing through a pluripotent state, but the restricted proliferative and lineage potential of the resulting cells limits the scope of their potential applications. Here we show that a combination of transcription factors (Brn4/Pou3f4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc, plus E47/Tcf3) induces mouse fibroblasts to directly acquire a neural stem cell identity-which we term as induced neural stem cells (iNSCs). Direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into iNSCs is a gradual process in which the donor transcriptional program is silenced over time. iNSCs exhibit cell morphology, gene expression, epigenetic features, differentiation potential, and self-renewing capacity, as well as in vitro and in vivo functionality similar to those of wild-type NSCs. We conclude that differentiated cells can be reprogrammed directly into specific somatic stem cell types by defined sets of specific transcription factors.

Distinct Electronic Structure for the Extreme Magnetoresistance in YSb

He, Junfeng,Zhang, Chaofan,Ghimire, Nirmal J.,Liang, Tian,Jia, Chunjing,Jiang, Juan,Tang, Shujie,Chen, Sudi,He, Yu,Mo, S.-K.,Hwang, C. C.,Hashimoto, M.,Lu, D. H.,Moritz, B.,Devereaux, T. P.,Chen, Y. L American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review Letters Vol.117 No.26