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Enrique Coss-Adame,Janette Furuzawa-Carballeda,Andric C Perez-Ortiz,Ana López-Ruiz,Miguel A Valdovinos,Josué Sánchez-Gómez,José Peralta-Figueroa,Héctor Olvera-Prado,Fidel López-Verdugo,Sofía Narváez-C 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2023 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.29 No.4
Background/AimsThe evidence suggests that a shorter esophageal length (EL) in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients is associated with the presence of hiatal hernia (HH). However, there are no reports of this association in patients with achalasia. The aim is to (1) determine the prevalence of hiatal hernia in achalasia patients, (2) compare achalasia EL with GERD patients and healthy volunteers (HV), (3) measure achalasia manometric esophageal length to height (MELH) ratio, and (4) determine if there are differences in symptoms between patients with and without hiatal hernia. MethodsThis retrospective and cross-sectional study consist of 87 pre-surgical achalasia patients, 22 GERD patients, and 30 HV. High-resolution manometry (HRM), barium swallow, and upper endoscopy were performed to diagnose HH. The EL and MELH ratio were measured by HRM. Symptoms were assessed with Eckardt, Eating Assessment Tool, and GERD–health-related quality of life questionnaires. ResultsThe HH in GERD’s prevalence was 73% vs 3% in achalasia patients (P < 0.001). Achalasia patients had a longer esophagus and a higher MELH ratio than HV and GERD patients (P < 0.001). GERD patients had a lower MELH ratio than HV (P < 0.05). EAT-10 (P < 0.0001) and Eckardt (P < 0.05) scores were higher in achalasia without HH vs HH. ConclusionsThe prevalence of HH in achalasia is significantly lower than in GERD. The longer EL and the higher MELH ratio in achalasia could explain the lower prevalence of HH. Despite the low prevalence of HH in achalasia patients, the surgeon should be encouraged not to rule out HH since the risk of postoperative reflux may increase if this condition is not identified and corrected.
Comparison of physicochemical pretreatments of banana peels for bioethanol production
Sócrates Palacios,Héctor A. Ruiz,Rodolfo Ramos-Gonzalez,José Martínez,Elda Segura,Miguel Aguilar,Antonio Aguilera,Georgina Michelena,Cristóbal Aguilar,Anna Ilyina 한국식품과학회 2017 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.26 No.4
Pretreatments with different concentrations of sulfuric acid (0, 0.5, and 1% v/v) and temperatures (28 and 121 C at 103 kPa in an autoclave) were performed on banana peels (BP) milled by mechanical grinding and grinding in a blender as well as without grinding. Cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, ash, and total and reducing sugar contents were evaluated. The highest yields of cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis (99%) were achieved with liquefied autoclaved BP treated with 0.5 and 1% acid after 48 h of hydrolysis. Ethanol production by Kluyveromyces marxianus fermentation was assayed using hydrolyzed BP at 10, 15, and 20% (w/w). The highest ethanol level (21 g/ L) was reached after 24 h of fermentation with 20% (w/w) BP. Kinetics of the consumption of reducing sugars under this fermentation condition demonstrates the presence of a lag period (about 8 h). Thus, BP are a good source for ethanol production.
Heriberto Granados‑Becerra,Víctor H. López‑Morelos,Alberto Ruiz,Rafael García‑Hernández,Francisco F. Curiel‑López,Martin R. Barajas‑Alvarez 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.6
The Ramberg–Osgood equation was applied to model the stress–strain behavior of heat-treated and welded specimens ofInconel 600 up to 0.2 and 0.175 mm/mm of strain, respectively. As-received and aged plates of Inconel 600 were gas metalarc welded to simulate repair of a component in operation. Dog bone shape specimens were tensile tested at a cross headspeed of 0.005 s−1 and the deformation was measured with an extensometer with a gage length of 20 mm. Microstructuralobservations were made in the optical and scanning electron microscope. Fitting the experimental data in the plastic regionof stress–strain curves to a novel three slopes Ramberg–Osgood model enabled estimation of the hardening coefficient, n. The value of n varied from 0.07 to 0.3 depending on the metallurgical condition of the specimen. A notorious increase wasobserved in the value of n for samples heat-treated beyond 25 h and in as-welded samples. The results of this work showeda very good correlation between the model and the experimental curves.