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Microscopic Origin of the Near-Band-Edge Emission in Aqueous Chemically-Grown ZnO Nanorods
C. Bekeny,T. Voss,B. Hilker,J. Gutowski,R. Hauschild,H. Kalt,B. Postels,A. Bakin,A. Waag 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.5
The microscopic origin of the near-band-edge emission in low-temperature aqueous chemicallygrown ZnO nanorods is analyzed. For the as-grown nanorods, a broad and almost featureless main emission band at 3.366 eV is observed due the presence of a high donor and defect density. After the nanorods have been annealed at 800 ℃ for 1 hour in an oxygen atmosphere, a remarkable reduction of the linewidth of the near-band-edge emission from 10 meV to 4 meV is observed. Sharp and distinguishable excitonic transitions are visible. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements show very fast recombination times of 11 ps for the as-grown sample while the radiative recombination time increases to 80 ps after the sample is annealed in oxygen atmosphere.
Properties and Prospects of ZnSe-Based Quantum Dot Microcavity VCSEL Structures
K. Sebald,H. Lohmeyer,J. Kalden,T. Meeser,J. Gutowski,C. Kruse,A. Gust,D. Hommel,J. Wiersig,N. Baer,F. Jahnke 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.1
The emission properties of ZnSe-based monolithic microcavities with either quantum wells or quantum dots embedded are studied. These pillar structured samples reveal three-dimensional conned optical modes with high-quality factors and small mode volumes conrmed by theoretical calculations. We observed a strong enhancement of the emission intensity for quantum dots being in the spectral resonance with the cavity modes. The Purcell eect was probed by using timeresolved measurements. A pronounced enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate of quantum dots coupled to the discrete optical modes of the cavities demonstrates the occurrence of cavity quantum electrodynamics eects. The observed enhancement depends systematically on the pillar diameter and, thus, on the Purcell factor of the individual pillars. The emission properties of ZnSe-based monolithic microcavities with either quantum wells or quantum dots embedded are studied. These pillar structured samples reveal three-dimensional conned optical modes with high-quality factors and small mode volumes conrmed by theoretical calculations. We observed a strong enhancement of the emission intensity for quantum dots being in the spectral resonance with the cavity modes. The Purcell eect was probed by using timeresolved measurements. A pronounced enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate of quantum dots coupled to the discrete optical modes of the cavities demonstrates the occurrence of cavity quantum electrodynamics eects. The observed enhancement depends systematically on the pillar diameter and, thus, on the Purcell factor of the individual pillars.
Near-Band-Edge Photoluminescence Spectroscopy of ZnO Nanowires Embedded in Polymers
J.-P. Richters,T. Voss,L. Wischmeier,I. Ruckmann,J. Gutowski 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.5
We report on studies of the low-temperature photoluminescence of ZnO nanowires embedded in different polymers. The spectra of as-grown and embedded ZnO nanowires are compared. We observe a decrease of the deep-level emission and an increase of the near band-edge emission after the embedding process. The near-band-edge emission of the embedded ZnO nanowires is dominated by a surface exciton band. To explain the spectral changes, we propose a model. We report on studies of the low-temperature photoluminescence of ZnO nanowires embedded in different polymers. The spectra of as-grown and embedded ZnO nanowires are compared. We observe a decrease of the deep-level emission and an increase of the near band-edge emission after the embedding process. The near-band-edge emission of the embedded ZnO nanowires is dominated by a surface exciton band. To explain the spectral changes, we propose a model.
Tang, Jianping,Li, Qian,Wang, Shuyu,Lee, Dong‐,Kyou,Hui, Pinhong,Niu, Xiaorui,Gutowski Jr., William J.,Dairaku, Koji,McGregor, John,Katzfey, Jack,Gao, Xuejie,Wu, Jia,Hong, Song‐,You,Wang, Wiley 2016 International journal of climatology Vol.36 No.13
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>Under the Asia‐Pacific Network for Global Change (APN) project ‘Building Asian Climate Change Scenarios by Multi‐Regional Climate Models Ensemble’ (RMIP III, Regional Model Intercomparision Project), the simulation results of eight regional climate models (RCMs) and two fine‐resolution global climate models are validated for reproducibility of the current surface air temperature climatology (1981–2000), and are used to generate surface air future temperature projections (2041–2060) over the CORDEX‐EA (A Coordinated Regional climate Downscaling Experiment‐East Asia) domain. Four ensemble methods, namely, the equal weighting, the weighted mean, the reliability ensemble averaging, and the performance‐based ensemble averaging, are employed to generate the multi‐model projection of regional climate change over the region. The results show that the regional temperature ensembles of the present climate obtained from all four methods can outperform a single RCM result in aspects of the spatial distribution as well as the seasonal variation over East Asia. The four ensemble methods are then used to project the regional temperature climatology under the IPCC emission scenario of A1B for 2041–2060. Compared with the control climate of 1981–2000, the annual mean temperature of the future climate (2041–2060) increases 1–2 °C in low latitude areas and 2–3 °C in middle–high latitude areas over Asia.</P>
IPCC AR6 WGI 제10장 주요 내용과 핵심 결과
권원태,F. J Doblas-Reyes,A. A. Sorensson,M. Almazroui,A. Dosio,W. J. Gutowski,R. Haarsma,R. Hamdi,B. Hewitson,B. L. Lamptey,D. Maraun,T. S. Stephenson,I. Takayabu,L. Terray,A. Turner,Z. Zuo 한국기상학회 2021 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10
IPCC 실무그룹 1(WGI) 6차 평가보고서(AR6)는 지난 평가보고서보다 지역기후에 관한 평가가 10장, 11장, 12장 및 Atlas로 크게 확장하였다. 이번 보고서 10장은 전구 기후변화와 지역 기후변화를 연계하는 방법론과 다양한 자료들을 평가하는 것이 주요 목적이다. 지역 관측자료에 대한 조건과 문제점을 평가하고 인위적인 기후변화를 규명하고 전망하기 위한 모델링 방법의 적합성을 평가하였다. 지역 기후변화는 자연적인 강제력과 인위적인 영향에 따른 반응, 내부변동성에 따른 대규모 기후 현상에 대한 반응과 지역적 기후과정과 되먹임이 상호작용한 결과라고 할 수 있다. 10장에서 다룬 내용은 지역 기후변화 정보의 근거, 지역기후정보를 구성하기 위한 관측자료와 모델의 이용, 지역 규모에서 인위적인 변화와 내부변동성의 상호작용, 지역기후정보 구성 체계, 지역기후정보 구성을 위한 종합적인 사례들이 포함되었다. 다양한 자료들에서 지역기후정보를 추출(distillation)하고 사용자 관점을 고려하는 것은 의사결정을 위한 적합성, 유용성 및 타당성을 높이고, 사용자가 정보를 활용하는 데 신뢰성을 높인다(높은 신뢰도).