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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Gaur Kusum (검색결과 2 건)
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2D materials: increscent quantum flatland with immense potential for applications
Ranjan Pranay,Gaur Snehraj,Yadav Himanshu,Urgunde Ajay B.,Singh Vikas,Patel Avit,Vishwakarma Kusum,Kalirawana Deepak,Gupta Ritu,Kumar Prashant 나노기술연구협의회 2022 Nano Convergence Vol.9 No.26
Quantum flatland i.e., the family of two dimensional (2D) quantum materials has become increscent and has already encompassed elemental atomic sheets (Xenes), 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), 2D metal nitrides/carbides/carbonitrides (MXenes), 2D metal oxides, 2D metal phosphides, 2D metal halides, 2D mixed oxides, etc. and still new members are being explored. Owing to the occurrence of various structural phases of each 2D material and each exhibiting a unique electronic structure; bestows distinct physical and chemical properties. In the early years, world record electronic mobility and fractional quantum Hall effect of graphene attracted attention. Thanks to excellent electronic mobility, and extreme sensitivity of their electronic structures towards the adjacent environment, 2D materials have been employed as various ultrafast precision sensors such as gas/fire/light/strain sensors and in trace-level molecular detectors and disease diagnosis. 2D materials, their doped versions, and their hetero layers and hybrids have been successfully employed in electronic/photonic/optoelectronic/spintronic and straintronic chips. In recent times, quantum behavior such as the existence of a superconducting phase in moiré hetero layers, the feasibility of hyperbolic photonic metamaterials, mechanical metamaterials with negative Poisson ratio, and potential usage in second/third harmonic generation and electromagnetic shields, etc. have raised the expectations further. High surface area, excellent young’s moduli, and anchoring/coupling capability bolster hopes for their usage as nanofillers in polymers, glass, and soft metals. Even though lab-scale demonstrations have been showcased, large-scale applications such as solar cells, LEDs, flat panel displays, hybrid energy storage, catalysis (including water splitting and CO2 reduction), etc. will catch up. While new members of the flatland family will be invented, new methods of large-scale synthesis of defect-free crystals will be explored and novel applications will emerge, it is expected. Achieving a high level of in-plane doping in 2D materials without adding defects is a challenge to work on. Development of understanding of inter-layer coupling and its effects on electron injection/excited state electron transfer at the 2D-2D interfaces will lead to future generation heterolayer devices and sensors.
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Dhamania Madhvi,Gaur Kusum 대한백신학회 2023 Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research Vol.12 No.4
Purpose: Globally, 25 million children were either unvaccinated or under-vaccinated in year 2021. Among them, India had the highest number of children unvaccinated. Studies have shown impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on routine health-care services. Present study aimed to estimate the impact of COVID-19 on utilization of routine immunization services during years 2020 and 2021 in tertiary-care facility. Materials and Methods: Record based descriptive analytic study was conducted at pediatric tertiary-care hospital, Jaipur. Data of children vaccinated as per the National Immunization Schedule for the period January 2019 to December 2021 were retrieved from the immunization records. Doses administered were assessed as a proxy measure of vaccine coverage. The vaccination trends of 2020 and 2021 were compared assuming base year 2019. Unpaired t-test of significance and Pearson correlation was used for correlation analysis. Results: There was significant drop in the vaccine counts after emergence of COVID-19 pandemic. In year 2020 and 2021, mean monthly vaccine count was 2,190±715.1 and 2,305±393.2, respectively, in which maximum drop was in April 2020 (-79.12%) and May 2021 (-57.16%) when it was compared with matched month of base year. There was negative correlation between percent change in vaccine count and COVID-19 cases in 2020 (r=-0.057, p=0.861) and 2021 (r=-0.827, p=0.001) as compared to year 2019. Conclusion: Study concludes that there was a significant gap in utilization of routine immunization services during the COVID-19 pandemic. This necessitates planning and management of routine immunization services in-case of future pandemics to avoid resurgence of vaccinepreventable diseases in the Rajasthan.
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