Diagnosis and staging of caries using spectral factors derived from the blue laser-induced autofluorescence spectrum

Ko, Ching-Chang,Yi, Dong-Ho,Lee, Dong Joon,Kwon, Jane,Garcia-Godoy, Franklin,Kwon, Yong Hoon Elsevier 2017 Journal of dentistry Vol.67 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>The aim of this study was to identify the factors derived from the 405nm laser-induced autofluorescence (AF) spectra that could be used to diagnose and stage caries.</P> <P><B>Materials and methods</B></P> <P>Teeth (20 teeth per stage) were classified as sound, stage II, III, and IV based on a visual and tactile inspection. The specimens were re-examined and reclassified based on micro-CT analysis. From the teeth, the AF was obtained using a 405nm laser. Three spectral factors (spectral slope at 550–600nm, area under the curve at 500–590nm, and two-peak ratio between 625 and 667nm) were derived from the AF spectra. Using these factors, the diagnosis and staging of caries were tested, and the results were compared with those of DIAGNOdent.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>After micro-CT analysis, only 13, 11, and 13 teeth were reclassified as stages II, III, and IV, respectively. The reclassified groups showed less data overlap between the stages, and the spectral slope was 40.1–74.6, 27.5–39.6, 11.1–27.4, and 1.0–9.7 for sound, stage II, III, and IV, respectively. The differentiation of stages III and IV using DIAGNOdent appeared to be difficult due to the considerable data overlap.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>Among the factors tested, the spectral slope at 550–600nm showed the best match with the caries specimens, in which their stage had been identified precisely.</P> <P><B>Clinical significance</B></P> <P>The 405nm laser-induced AF spectra can be applied to the diagnosis and staging of caries alone or in conjunction with conventional methods, such as visual, tactile, and X-ray inspection.</P>

Difference assessment of composite resins and sound tooth applicable in the resin-imbedded tooth for resin repair using fluorescence, microhardness, DIAGNOdent, and X-ray image

Jeong, Tae-sung,Park, Jeong-Kil,Ko, Ching-Chang,Garcia-Godoy, Franklin,Kwon, Yong Hoon Springer-Verlag 2019 Clinical oral investigations Vol.23 No.1

Deep proximal margin rebuilding with direct esthetic restorations: a systematic review of marginal adaptation and bond strength

Ismail Hoda S.,Ali Ashraf I.,Mehesen Rabab El.,Juloski Jelena,Garcia-Godoy Franklin,Mahmoud Salah H. 대한치과보존학회 2022 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.47 No.2

This review aimed to characterize the effect of direct restorative material types and adhesive protocols on marginal adaptation and the bond strength of the interface between the material and the proximal dentin/cementum. An electronic search of 3 databases (the National Library of Medicine [MEDLINE/PubMed], Scopus, and ScienceDirect) was conducted. Studies were included if they evaluated marginal adaptation or bond strength tests for proximal restorations under the cementoenamel junction. Only 16 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. These studies presented a high degree of heterogeneity in terms of the materials used and the methodologies and evaluation criteria of each test; therefore, only a descriptive analysis could be conducted. The included studies were individually evaluated for the risk of bias following predetermined criteria. To summarize the results of the included studies, the type of restorative material affected the test results, whereas the use of different adhesive protocols had an insignificant effect on the results. It could be concluded that various categories of resin-based composites could be a suitable choice for clinicians to elevate proximal dentin/cementum margins, rather than the open sandwich technique with resin-modified glass ionomers. Despite challenges in bonding to proximal dentin/cementum margins, different adhesive protocols provided comparable outcomes.

Correlation between different methodologies used to evaluate the marginal adaptation of proximal dentin gingival margins elevated using a glass hybrid

Ismail Hoda S.,Morrow Brian R.,Ali Ashraf I.,Mehesen Rabab El.,Garcia-Godoy Franklin,Mahmoud Salah H. 대한치과보존학회 2022 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.47 No.4

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aging on the marginal quality of glass hybrid (GH) material used to elevate dentin gingival margins, and to analyze the consistency of the results obtained by 3 in vitro methods. Materials and Methods Ten teeth received compound class II cavities with subgingival margins. The dentin gingival margins were elevated with GH, followed by resin composite. The GH/gingival dentin interfaces were examined through digital microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using resin replicas, and according to the World Dental Federation (FDI) criteria. After initial evaluations, all teeth were subjected to 10,000 thermal cycles, followed by repeating the same marginal evaluations and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis for the interfacial zone of 2 specimens. Marginal quality was expressed as the percentage of continuous margin at ×200 for microscopic techniques and as the frequency of each score for FDI ranking. Data were analyzed using the paired sample t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Pearson and Spearmen correlation coefficients. Results None of the testing techniques proved the significance of the aging factor. Moderate and strong significant correlations were found between the testing techniques. The EDS results suggested the presence of an ion-exchange layer along the GH/gingival dentin interface of aged specimens. Conclusions The marginal quality of the GH/dentin gingival interface defied aging by thermocycling. The replica SEM and FDI ranking results had stronger correlations with each other than either showed with the digital microscopy results. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aging on the marginal quality of glass hybrid (GH) material used to elevate dentin gingival margins, and to analyze the consistency of the results obtained by 3 in vitro methods. Materials and Methods Ten teeth received compound class II cavities with subgingival margins. The dentin gingival margins were elevated with GH, followed by resin composite. The GH/gingival dentin interfaces were examined through digital microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using resin replicas, and according to the World Dental Federation (FDI) criteria. After initial evaluations, all teeth were subjected to 10,000 thermal cycles, followed by repeating the same marginal evaluations and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis for the interfacial zone of 2 specimens. Marginal quality was expressed as the percentage of continuous margin at ×200 for microscopic techniques and as the frequency of each score for FDI ranking. Data were analyzed using the paired sample t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Pearson and Spearmen correlation coefficients. Results None of the testing techniques proved the significance of the aging factor. Moderate and strong significant correlations were found between the testing techniques. The EDS results suggested the presence of an ion-exchange layer along the GH/gingival dentin interface of aged specimens. Conclusions The marginal quality of the GH/dentin gingival interface defied aging by thermocycling. The replica SEM and FDI ranking results had stronger correlations with each other than either showed with the digital microscopy results.

Effect of different storage media on elemental analysis and microhardness of cervical cavity margins restored with a bioactive material

Ismail Hoda Saleh,Morrow Brian Ray,Ali Ashraf Ibrahim,Mehesen Rabab Elsayed Elaraby,Mahmoud Salah Hasab,Garcia-Godoy Franklin 대한치과보존학회 2024 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.49 No.1

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the elemental analysis and microhardness of a bioactive material (Activa) and marginal tooth structure after storage in different media. Materials and Methods Fifteen teeth received cervical restorations with occlusal enamel and gingival dentin margins using the tested material bonded with a universal adhesive, 5 of them on the 4 axial surfaces and the other 10 on only the 2 proximal surfaces. The first 5 teeth were sectioned into 4 restorations each, then stored in 4 different media; deionized water, Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline (DPBS), Tris buffer, and saliva. The storage period for deionized water was 24 hours while it was 3 months for the other media. Each part was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis for different substrates/distances and the wt% of calcium, phosphorus, silica, and fluoride were calculated. The other 10 teeth were sectioned across the restoration, stored in either Tris buffer or saliva for 24 hours or 3 months, and were evaluated for microhardness of different substrates/areas. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results Enamel and dentin interfaces in the DPBS group exhibited a significant increase in calcium and phosphorus wt%. Both silica and fluoride significantly increased in tooth structure up to a distance of 75 μm in the 3-month-media groups than the immediate group. Storage media did not affect the microhardness values. Conclusions SEM-EDS analysis suggests an ion movement between Activa and tooth structure through a universal adhesive while stored in DPBS. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the elemental analysis and microhardness of a bioactive material (Activa) and marginal tooth structure after storage in different media. Materials and Methods Fifteen teeth received cervical restorations with occlusal enamel and gingival dentin margins using the tested material bonded with a universal adhesive, 5 of them on the 4 axial surfaces and the other 10 on only the 2 proximal surfaces. The first 5 teeth were sectioned into 4 restorations each, then stored in 4 different media; deionized water, Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline (DPBS), Tris buffer, and saliva. The storage period for deionized water was 24 hours while it was 3 months for the other media. Each part was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis for different substrates/distances and the wt% of calcium, phosphorus, silica, and fluoride were calculated. The other 10 teeth were sectioned across the restoration, stored in either Tris buffer or saliva for 24 hours or 3 months, and were evaluated for microhardness of different substrates/areas. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results Enamel and dentin interfaces in the DPBS group exhibited a significant increase in calcium and phosphorus wt%. Both silica and fluoride significantly increased in tooth structure up to a distance of 75 μm in the 3-month-media groups than the immediate group. Storage media did not affect the microhardness values. Conclusions SEM-EDS analysis suggests an ion movement between Activa and tooth structure through a universal adhesive while stored in DPBS.