Novel Hydrophilic Taxane Analogues inhibit Growth of Cancer Cells

Fauzee, Nilufer Jasmine Selimah,Wang, Ya-Lan,Dong, Zhi,Li, Qian-Ge,Wang, Tao,Mandarry, Muhammad Tasleem,Lu, Xu,Juan, Pan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.2

In our era there has been several anti-cancer drugs which have undergone both experimental and clinical trials; however, due to their poor solubilities, numerous side effects, insufficient bioavailability and poor compliance, many have resulted into poor outcomes. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the effects of novel hydrophilic taxanes analogues CQMU-0517 and CQMU-0519 on growth of A549 lung, SKVO3 ovary and MCF7 breast carcinoma cell lines. Different concentrations of original paclitaxel, CQMU-0517, original docetaxel and CQMU-0519 were utilized on three cell lines, where cell growth was assessed using cell culture kit-8 and flow cytometry analysis. The results unveiled that CQMU-0517 and CQMU-0519 suppressed cell growth in the three particular cell lines, cell cycle arrest being evident in the G2/M phase. Hence, the results showed that these new taxane analogues have potential and warrant future clinical trials.

5-Aminoisoquinolinone Reduces the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C via the Nuclear Factor-kappa B Signaling Pathway in CT26 Cells

Wu, Wei-Qiang,Fauzee, Nilufer Jasmine Selimah,Wang, Ya-Lan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.3

Objective: VEGF-C has recently been identified as a key molecule which is involved in tumor lymphangiogenesis. The aim of this research was to investigate the role of PARP-1 inhibition in the regulation of VEGF-C expression in CT26 cells. Methods: CT26 cells were treated with or without the PARP-1 inhibitor 5-aminoisoquinolinone (5-AIQ). The expression of PARP-1, NF-kB, and VEGF-C proteins in CT26 cells was measured by Western blot analysis and the VEGF-C mRNA level was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). CT26-secreted VEGF-C was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The results of Western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of PARP-1, NF-kB, and VEGF-C were reduced in 5-AIQ treated CT26 cells and the levels of VEGF-C mRNA in 5-AIQ treated CT26 were significantly lower than t in 5-AIQ-untreated cells (P<0.05). The concentrations of CT26-secreted VEGF-C were also dramatically decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Here, we provide evidence for the first time that PARP-1 inhibition dramatically reduces VEGF-C expression via the nuclear factor NF-kB signaling pathway. We therefore propose that PARP-1 inhibition has an anti-lymphangiogenic effect and may contribute to the prevention of metastatic dissemination via the lymphatic system.

Entrapment Characteristics of Hydrosoluble Vitamins Loaded into Chitosan and N,N,N-Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles

Douglas de Britto,Marcia R. de Moura,Fauze A. Aouada,Flávia G. Pinola,Lícia M. Lundstedt,Odilio B. G. Assis,Luiz H. C. Mattoso 한국고분자학회 2014 Macromolecular Research Vol.22 No.12

Nanoencapsulation is a process suitable for use in reducing degradation of instable components. In thisstudy, chitosan and trimethyl chitosan with tripolyphosphate were used to nanoencapsulate vitamins C, B9, and B12. Analysis of the particle size showed that for a fix proportion of the polymer tripolyphosphate, the system showed awide variation in size with the amount of added vitamins: e.g., for vitamin B9, the particle size varied from 150±5nm to 809±150 nm. The zeta potential confirmed that trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles generally had a lower net positivecharge (20 mV) than chitosan nanoparticles (40 mV). The encapsulation efficiency was found to be dependenton nanoparticle structure and vitamin solubility, with vitamin B9 the most efficiently encapsulated (approximately40%). UV-Visible spectroscopy indicated different release profiles for vitamins C, B9, and B12 in a neutral PBSsolution with release rates of 36%, 52%, and 16% after 2, 24, and 4 h, respectively. In conclusion the liberation wasfound to be slower in acidic media.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy (gastroenteric anastomosis)

Joel Fernandez de Oliveira,Matheus Cavalcante Franco,Gustavo Rodela,Fauze Maluf-Filho,Bruno Costa Martins 소화기인터벤션의학회 2022 Gastrointestinal Intervention Vol.11 No.3

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) has emerged as a promising minimally invasive technique for patients with gastric outlet obstruction (GOO), regardless of whether a benign or malignant condition impedes gastric emptying. EUS-GE involves creating a bypass from the stomach to the small bowel distally to the obstruction, which is similar to the surgical gastroenteric anastomosis. In fact, EUS-GE has been reported to have longer stent patency in patients with malignant GOO than conventional self-expandable metal stents deployed across a malignant obstruction. Although surgical treatment is still considered the gold-standard treatment for patients with malignant GOO, the results of recent studies have shown not only similar rates of technical and clinical success with EUS-GE, but also lower rates of adverse events. In this review, we aimed to appraise the current status of EUS-GE, describe the multiple techniques to perform this procedure, compare the outcomes of EUS-GE with those of other therapeutic modalities, and discuss the related adverse events and the future perspectives of EUS-GE.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy (gastroenteric anastomosis)

Joel Fernandez de Oliveira,Matheus Cavalcante Franco,Gustavo Rodela,Fauze Maluf-Filho,Bruno Costa Martins 소화기인터벤션의학회 2022 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.11 No.3

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) has emerged as a promising minimally invasive technique for patients with gastric outlet obstruction (GOO), regardless of whether a benign or malignant condition impedes gastric emptying. EUS-GE involves creating a bypass from the stomach to the small bowel distally to the obstruction, which is similar to the surgical gastroenteric anastomosis. In fact, EUS-GE has been reported to have longer stent patency in patients with malignant GOO than conventional self-expandable metal stents deployed across a malignant obstruction. Although surgical treatment is still considered the gold-standard treatment for patients with malignant GOO, the results of recent studies have shown not only similar rates of technical and clinical success with EUS-GE, but also lower rates of adverse events. In this review, we aimed to appraise the current status of EUS-GE, describe the multiple techniques to perform this procedure, compare the outcomes of EUS-GE with those of other therapeutic modalities, and discuss the related adverse events and the future perspectives of EUS-GE.

Chelating and antibacterial properties of chitosan nanoparticles on dentin

del Carpio-Perochena, Aldo,Bramante, Clovis Monteiro,Duarte, Marco Antonio Hungaro,de Moura, Marcia Regina,Aouada, Fauze Ahmad,Kishen, Anil The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2015 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.40 No.3

Objectives: The use of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) in endodontics is of interest due to their antibiofilm properties. This study was to investigate the ability of bioactive CNPs to remove the smear layer and inhibit bacterial recolonization on dentin. Materials and Methods: One hundred bovine dentin sections were divided into five groups (n = 20 per group) according to the treatment. The irrigating solutions used were 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for 20 min, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 3 min and 1.29 mg/mL CNPs for 3 min. The samples were irrigated with either distilled water (control), NaOCl, NaOCl-EDTA, NaOCl-EDTA-CNPs or NaOCl-CNPs. After the treatment, half of the samples (n = 50) were used to assess the chelating effect of the solutions using portable scanning electronic microscopy, while the other half (n = 50) were infected intra-orally to examine the post-treatment bacterial biofilm forming capacity. The biovolume and cellular viability of the biofilms were analysed under confocal laser scanning microscopy. The Kappa test was performed for examiner calibration, and the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (p < 0.05) were used for comparisons among the groups. Results: The smear layer was significantly reduced in all of the groups except the control and NaOCl groups (p < 0.05). The CNPs-treated samples were able to resist biofilm formation significantly better than other treatment groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: CNPs could be used as a final irrigant during root canal treatment with the dual benefit of removing the smear layer and inhibiting bacterial recolonization on root dentin.

Chelating and antibacterial properties of chitosan nanoparticles on dentin

Aldo del Carpio-Perochena,Clovis Monteiro Bramante,Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte,Marcia Regina de Moura,Fauze Ahmad Aouada,Anil Kishen 대한치과보존학회 2015 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.40 No.3

Objectives: The use of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) in endodontics is of interest due to their antibiofilm properties. This study was to investigate the ability of bioactive CNPs to remove the smear layer and inhibit bacterial recolonization on dentin. Materials and Methods: One hundred bovine dentin sections were divided into five groups (n = 20 per group) according to the treatment. The irrigating solutions used were 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for 20 min, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 3 min and 1.29 mg/mL CNPs for 3 min. The samples were irrigated with either distilled water (control), NaOCl, NaOCl-EDTA, NaOCl-EDTA-CNPs or NaOCl-CNPs. After the treatment, half of the samples (n = 50) were used to assess the chelating effect of the solutions using portable scanning electronic microscopy, while the other half (n = 50) were infected intra-orally to examine the post-treatment bacterial biofilm forming capacity. The biovolume and cellular viability of the biofilms were analysed under confocal laser scanning microscopy. The Kappa test was performed for examiner calibration, and the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (p < 0.05) were used for comparisons among the groups. Results: The smear layer was significantly reduced in all of the groups except the control and NaOCl groups (p < 0.05). The CNPstreated samples were able to resist biofilm formation significantly better than other treatment groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: CNPs could be used as a final irrigant during root canal treatment with the dual benefit of removing the smear layer and inhibiting bacterial recolonization on root dentin.

Risk Stratification in Cancer Patients with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Comparison of Glasgow-Blatchford, Rockall and AIMS65, and Development of a New Scoring System

Matheus Cavalcante Franco,Sunguk Jang,Bruno da Costa Martins,Tyler Stevens,Vipul Jairath,Rocio Lopez,John J. Vargo,Alan Barkun,Fauze Maluf-Filho 대한소화기내시경학회 2022 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.55 No.2

Background/Aims: Few studies have measured the accuracy of prognostic scores for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB)among cancer patients. Thereby, we compared the prognostic scores for predicting major outcomes in cancer patients with UGIB. Secondarily, we developed a new model to detect patients who might require hemostatic care. Methods: A prospective research was performed in a tertiary hospital by enrolling cancer patients admitted with UGIB. Clinical andendoscopic findings were obtained through a prospective database. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to gauge thepower of each score. Results: From April 2015 to May 2016, 243 patients met the inclusion criteria. The AIMS65 (area under the curve [AUC] 0.85) bestpredicted intensive care unit admission, while the Glasgow-Blatchford score best predicted blood transfusion (AUC 0.82) and thelow-risk group (AUC 0.92). All scores failed to predict hemostatic therapy and rebleeding. The new score was superior (AUC 0.74)in predicting hemostatic therapy. The AIMS65 (AUC 0.84) best predicted in-hospital mortality. Conclusions: The scoring systems for prognostication were validated in the group of cancer patients with UGIB. A new score wasdeveloped to predict hemostatic therapy. Following this result, future prospective research should be performed to validate the newscore.

Self-expandable metallic stent-induced esophagorespiratory fistulas in patients with advanced esophageal cancer

Iatagan R. Josino,Bruno C. Martins,Andressa A. Machado,Gustavo R. de A. Lima,Martin A. C. Cordero,Amanda A. M. Pombo,Rubens A. A. Sallum,Ulysses Ribeiro Jr,Todd H. Baron,Fauze Maluf-Filho 대한소화기내시경학회 2023 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.56 No.6

Background/Aims: Self-expandable metallic stents (SEMSs) are widely adopted for the palliation of dysphagia in patients with malig-nant esophageal strictures. An important adverse event is the development of SEMS-induced esophagorespiratory fistulas (SEMS-ERFs). This study aimed to assess the risk factors related to the development of SEMS-ERF after SEMS placement in patients withesophageal cancer. Methods: This retrospective study was performed at the Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo. All patients with malignantesophageal strictures who underwent esophageal SEMS placement between 2009 and 2019 were included in the study. Results: Of the 335 patients, 37 (11.0%) developed SEMS-ERF, with a median time of 129 days after SEMS placement. Stent flare of 28mm (hazard ratio [HR], 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15–5.51; p=0.02) and post-stent chemotherapy (HR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.01–4.00; p=0.05) were associated with an increased risk of developing SEMS-ERF, while lower-third tumors were a protective factor (HR,0.5; 95% CI, 0.26–0.85; p=0.01). No difference was observed in overall survival. Conclusions: The incidence of SEMS-ERFs was 11%, with a median time of 129 days after SEMS placement. Post-stent chemotherapyand a 28 mm stent flare were associated with a higher risk of SEMS-ERF.