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Surface acoustic wave driven quantized current transport
F.J.Ahlers,J.Ebbecke,N.E.Fletcher,T.J.B.M.Janssen 한국물리학회 2004 Current Applied Physics Vol.4 No.5
The piezoelectric potential of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) can drive carriers in a semiconductor device over macroscopic distances. An application where optically generated electron-hole pairs are separated, transported and deliberately recombined was demonstrated a few years ago [Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 (1997) 4099]. Also around that time it was shown that the longitudinal con-nement provided by the potential minima of a SAW travelling along a one-dimensional channel may combine with the lateralchannel connement to form moving quantum dots with a well dened numbern of electrons in each dot [J. Phys.: Condens. Matter8 (1996) L531]. This gives rise to a quantized currentI ¼ n .e.f. This dynamic version of the Single Electron Tunneling operates atGHz frequencies and delivers currents in the nA range. The obvious application of the eect is in basic metrology, where it wouldenable the so called ‘Electrical Triangle’ experiment which combines Josephson eect, quantum Hall eect and a quantized currentto check the relationðh=2e2Þ.e ¼ h=2e self consistently. This paper reviews the experimental work on SAW driven currents and indetail the work done at the PTB, Germany, and NPL, UK, as well as suggested applications in other areas like single-photongeneration [Phys. Rev. A 58 (1998) R2680], quantized charge pumping through carbon nanotubes [Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 (2001)276802] or quantum computing [Phys. Rev. B62 (2000) 8410].