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Imaging features of Stafne bone defects on computed tomography: An assessment of 40 cases
Morita, Lucas,Munhoz, Luciana,Nagai, Aline Yukari,Hisatomi, Miki,Asaumi, Junichi,Arita, Emiko Saito Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2021 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.51 No.1
Purpose: This study was performed to assess and describe the imaging features of 40 cases of Stafne bone defects (SBDs) on computed tomographic (CT) examinations. Materials and Methods: This study collected data, including age and sex, from 40 patients with SBDs who underwent CT exams. The imaging features of the SBDs were assessed in terms of their location, average size, the relationship of their contour with the cortical plate of the lingual mandible, bone margins, degree of internal density, shape, topographic relationship between the defect and the mandibular edge, the distance from the SBD to the base of the mandible, and the Ariji classification (type I, II, and III). Results: The average age was 57.3 years(range, 28-78 years), and the patients were predominantly male (70%). In all cases (100%), the posterior unilateral lingual SBD variant was observed. Within the Ariji classification, type I was the most common (60%). Among the most frequently observed radiographic characteristics were thick sclerotic bone margin across the entire defect contour, completely hypointense internal content, an oval shape, and continuity with the mandibular base with discontinuity of the mandibular edge. Conclusion: This study showed that posterior SBDs could present with an oval or rounded shape, complete hypodensity, and thick sclerotic margins. Likewise, SBDs could appear almost anywhere, with minor differences from the classic SBD appearance. It is fundamental for dental practitioners to know the imaging features of SBDs, since they are diagnosed primarily based on imaging.
Inspiratory Muscle Training Effects on Respiratory Function and Coughing Ability in Men With Obesity
Yoshihiro Yamashina,Hiroki Aoyama,Tomoko Hirayama,Emiko Morita,Nami Sakagami,Hiroto Honda,Kazuyuki Tabira 물리치료재활과학회 2023 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.12 No.4
Objective: Cough is a biological defense mechanism which produces sputum. Difficulties with expelling sputum can occur during decreased coughing ability caused by obesity, which increases the risk of pulmonary complications.We investigated the influence of an 8-week inspiratory muscle training (IMT) program on respiratory function and respiratory muscle strength in the sitting and supine positions of people with obesity. Design: A randomized controlled trial Methods: The participants were Twenty-one men with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 or more. They were randomized into a control group (CG: n=10) and an IMT group (IMTG: n=11). The threshold IMT was used at a load of 30% of the maximum inspiratory oral pressure in the IMTG; the minimum load of the threshold IMT was used in the CG. Two sets of 15 min a day were performed four times a week for 8 weeks. Respiratory function, respiratory muscle strength, and coughing ability were measured in the sitting and supine positions. Results: Compared to baseline values, vital capacity in the supine position and inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength were significantly increased after 8 weeks in the IMTG, but not in theCG.Coughing ability did not differ significantly between the groups. Conclusion: Eight weeks of IMT enhanced respiratory muscle strength in men with obesity and improved vital capacity in the supine position;however, itdid not improve coughing ability.