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Lee, Charles C.,Dudonné,, Sté,phanie,Kim, Jong Hun,Kim, Ji Seung,Dubé,, Pascal,Kim, Jong-Eun,Desjardins, Yves,Park, Jung Han Yoon,Lee, Ki Won,Lee, Chang Yong Applied Science Publishers 2018 Food chemistry Vol.240 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Among many functional foods and their phytochemicals, ingestion of soybean (<I>Glycine max</I>) is highly correlated to reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. Validation of potential health benefits of functional foods requires information about the bioavailability and metabolism of bioactive compounds. In this context, several phase I and II metabolites of isoflavones were target-analyzed in the plasma of rats acutely supplemented with soybean embryo extract. A daidzein metabolite, 7,8,4′-trihydroxyisoflavone (7,8,4′-THI), was found to have the highest average area under curve value (574.3±112.8). Therefore, its potential prevention effect on atherosclerosis was investigated using monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion assay. Different from its precursor daidzein or daidzin, 7,8,4′-THI attenuated adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In addition, 7,8,4′-THI significantly downregulated TNF-α stimulated the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and phosphorylation of IκB kinase and IκBα involved in the initiation of atherosclerosis in HUVECs. Therefore, 7,8,4′-THI, a highly bioavailable hydroxylated isoflavone metabolite, has potential anti-atherosclerotic effect via inhibiting monocyte-endothelial adhesion.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> 7,8,4′-Trihydroxyisoflavone was found in the rat plasma after soybean intake. </LI> <LI> The highest average AUC of 7,8,4′-THI was 10 times higher than its precursor daidzein. </LI> <LI> 7,8,4′-THI inhibited TNF-α stimulated monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion. </LI> </UL> </P>
Lee, Charles C.,Dudonné,, Sté,phanie,Dubé,, Pascal,Desjardins, Yves,Kim, Jong Hun,Kim, Ji Seung,Kim, Jong-Eun,Park, Jung Han Yoon,Lee, Ki Won,Lee, Chang Yong Elsevier 2017 Food chemistry Vol.234 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Yak-Kong (YK) (<I>Glycine max</I>), a small black soybean cultivar with a green embryo, was evaluated for functional constituents with a focus on atherosclerosis prevention. In comparison to common yellow and black soybean cultivars, YK contains significantly higher concentrations of antioxidants, particularly in its seed coat. A comprehensive phenolic composition analysis revealed that proanthocyanidins were the major phenolic group in YK. In contrast to other proanthocyanidin-rich foods, YK was rich in bioavailable proanthocyanidins (with a degree of polymerization ≤3) specifically with A-type dimers. Significant concentrations of phloridzin and coumestrol were also exclusively found in YK seed coat and the embryo, respectively. Extracts of both the proanthocyanidin-rich seed coat and isoflavonoid-rich embryo of YK attenuated adhesion of THP-1 to LPS-stimulated human umbilical vascular endothelial cells, suggesting that they are important sources of coronary heart disease-preventive phenolics. YK has promising potential for further development as a functional food source targeted at atherosclerosis prevention.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Yak-Kong, a small black soybean with a green embryo, is rich in proanthocyanidins. </LI> <LI> Procyanidin A dimers and phloridzin are newly found in soybean seed coat. </LI> <LI> Significant amount of coumestrol is found in Yak-Kong soybean embryo. </LI> <LI> Both Yak-Kong seed coat and embryo attenuated monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion. </LI> </UL> </P>