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Framing Emergency Management Knowledge Expansion within Current US Academic Curricula
Janet Dilling 위기관리 이론과 실천 2010 Crisisonomy Vol.6 No.2
The field of Emergency Management is in a period of dramatic knowledge expansion. Practitioners from diverse public and private organizations and all levels of government are enjoying increased visibility and resources in combating a string of media enriched disaster events. A growing number of scholars and practitioners from multiple originating disciplines are bringing together an ever‐increasing body of written work to support the recognition of Emergency Management as a profession and as a field for academic inquiry. This development in the United States has been propelled by the expansion of Emergency Management issues across disciplines, the establishment of a large number of academic programs across the country, and increasing visibility of disaster and its consequences, including the most recent emphasis on terrorism and homeland security. Within the developing field, given the existing academic curricula, what are some of the core knowledge components of Emergency Management and what is the relative emphasis placed on each of the identified components. And within theses areas of emphasis, to what extent does the curricula content create intersection between originating disciplines and institutions of Emergency Management practice, or more plainly stated, between academics and practitioners.
Janet Dilling,Ralph Brower,Judith Cuadra,Malaika Samples 위기관리 이론과 실천 2014 Journal of Safety and Crisis Management Vol.4 No.1
Informal, marginal settlements in the developing world are not only increasing but worsening in the face of overpopulation, economic instability and unprecedented climate variance. In the Philippines, cities are powerful magnets for rural populations lacking local opportunities and who seek to achieve prosperity for their immediate and future generations. These centers of “possibilities” however fail to provide basic needs and services for increasing numbers of internal immigrants. UN Habitat reports that as of 2012, at least 63% of the 92 million Filipinos live in urban centers such as Metro Manila, or what is officially called the National Capital Region (NCR). An estimated 3.1 million of them lack secure land tenure and 2.7 are informal settlers living in slums (Karaos, Nicolas, Rabacal et al, 2012). The Philippines, like many island countries, suffers from land deficit; housing is not only difficult but economically unfeasible for the urban poor. Thus, the urban poor are unconsciously driven to areas otherwise unsuitable for housing. These danger zones are prone to flooding, seismic activity and landslides. Living in these areas exposes informal settlers to a vicious repeat cycle of destruction and loss of life. What is the source of a community’s resistance to relocate in the face of continuing risk? Some studies suggest that the place that we call home is not just a point in a geographical setting. Communities develop shared values and shared identity with place (Hewitt, K 1997). The Filipino government is currently on a crusade to address this problem by planning to relocate the individuals at high risk; they have certainly found opposition from the settlers. But, what are the specific factors that impede successful relocation? In this study we attempt to answer this question by looking at the cultural, social, economic, political factors and interactive dynamics that influence the way people decide where to live. The findings presented in this paper correspond to field work in the Rizal Province and its Municipality of San Mateo, more specifically concerning those living in Barangay Banaba. Hopefully the collection and analysis of such data could contribute towards a better understanding of the individual at risk, formulation of more effective disaster reduction strategies, and greater discussion of the situation and needs of these communities.
Collaborative Information Technology(CIT) Applications in Post-Disaster Public-Private Partnerships
Janet Dilling,Audrey Heffron-Casserleigh 위기관리 이론과 실천 2008 Crisisonomy Vol.4 No.2
The last several years of the Atlantic Hurricane Season have been some of the busiest and most destructive in history. Although paling in human terms in comparison to the Asian Tsunami with its sobering loss of life, a series of Atlantic Hurricanes from 2004 – 2008 have generated some of the largest response and recovery efforts in U.S. history with damage estimates exceeding $100 billion. This paper will discuss two unique public-private partnerships, which operating as computer supported virtual organizations helped redefine state and federal response relating to post disaster construction and temporary housing issues in a disaster. In doing so, the paper will expand collaborative information technology (CIT). The term CIT is used to denote asynchronous technology that provides support for coordination and collaboration through computer supported communication. Although CIT, closely related Computer Mediated Communication (CMC), and Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) are usually associated with constructing or managing interorganizational communication, this paper will explore how web based technology bridged the information gap between government, the private sector, and victims left homeless by a series of catastrophic hurricanes.
Using quaternions to calculate RMSD
Coutsias, Evangelos A.,Seok, Chaok,Dill, Ken A. John Wiley Sons, Inc. 2004 Journal of computational chemistry Vol.25 No.15
<P>A widely used way to compare the structures of biomolecules or solid bodies is to translate and rotate one structure with respect to the other to minimize the root-mean-square deviation (RMSD). We present a simple derivation, based on quaternions, for the optimal solid body transformation (rotation-translation) that minimizes the RMSD between two sets of vectors. We prove that the quaternion method is equivalent to the well-known formula due to Kabsch. We analyze the various cases that may arise, and give a complete enumeration of the special cases in terms of the arrangement of the eigenvalues of a traceless, 4 × 4 symmetric matrix. A key result here is an expression for the gradient of the RMSD as a function of model parameters. This can be useful, for example, in finding the minimum energy path of a reaction using the elastic band methods or in optimizing model parameters to best fit a target structure. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 25: 1849–1857, 2004</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <img src='wiley_img/01928651-2004-25-15-JCC20110-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/01928651-2004-25-15-JCC20110-gra001'>
Josefowicz, Steven Z.,Shimada, M.,Armache, A.,Li, Charles H.,Miller, Rand M.,Lin, S.,Yang, A.,Dill, Brian D.,Molina, H.,Park, H.S.,Garcia, Benjamin A.,Taunton, J.,Roeder, Robert G.,Allis, C. Cell Press 2016 Molecular cell Vol.64 No.2
<P>The inflammatory response requires coordinated activation of both transcription factors and chromatin to induce transcription for defense against pathogens and environmental insults. We sought to elucidate the connections between inflammatory signaling pathways and chromatin through genomic footprinting of kinase activity and unbiased identification of prominent histone phosphorylation events. We identified H3 serine 28 phosphorylation (H3S28ph) as the principal stimulation-dependent histone modification and observed its enrichment at induced genes in mouse macrophages stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Using pharmacological and genetic approaches, we identified mitogen-and stress-activated protein kinases (MSKs) as primary mediators of H3S28ph in macrophages. Cell-free transcription assays demonstrated that H3S28ph directly promotes p300/CBP-dependent transcription. Further, MSKs can activate both signal-responsive transcription factors and the chromatin template with additive effects on transcription. Specific inhibition of MSKs in macrophages selectively reduced transcription of stimulation-induced genes. Our results suggest that MSKs incorporate upstream signaling inputs and control multiple downstream regulators of inducible transcription.</P>
Comparative Pathogenicity of Fusarium graminearum Isolates from Wheat Kernels in Korea
Shin, Sanghyun,Son, Jae-Han,Park, Jong-Chul,Kim, Kyeong-Hoon,Yoon, Young-mi,Cheong, Young-Keun,Kim, Kyong-Ho,Hyun, Jong-Nae,Park, Chul Soo,Dill-Macky, Ruth,Kang, Chon-Sik The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2018 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.34 No.5
Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium species is a major disease of wheat and barley around the world. FHB causes yield reductions and contamination of grains with trichothecene mycotoxins including; nivalenol (NIV), deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON). The objectives of this study were to identify strains of F. graminearum isolated in Korea from 2012-harvested wheat grain and to test the pathogenicity of these NIV- and DON-producing isolates. Three hundred and four samples of wheat grain, harvested in 2012 in Chungnam, Chungbuk, Gyeongnam, Jeonbuk, Jeonnam, and Gangwon provinces were collected. We recovered 44 isolates from the 304 samples, based on the PCR amplification of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA region and sequencing. Our findings indicate that F. asiaticum was the predominant (95% of all isolates) species in Korea. We recovered both F. asiaticum and F. graminearum from samples collected in Chungnam province. Of the 44 isolates recovered, 36 isolates had a NIV genotype while 8 isolates belonged to the DON genotype (3-ADON and 15-ADON). In order to characterize the pathogenicity of the strains collected, disease severity was assessed visually on various greenhouse-grown wheat cultivars inoculated using both NIV- and DON-producing isolates. Our results suggest that Korean F. graminearum isolates from wheat belong to F. asiaticum producing NIV, and both F. graminearum and F. asiaticum are not significantly different on virulence in wheat cultivars.