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Chonghee Han(한종희),Sungsoo Won(원성수) 한국공공관리학회 2018 한국공공관리학보 Vol.32 No.3
This paper is a preliminary research on re-establishment of the roles of state bureaucracy to formulate democratic governance amid the shifts of public governance system from NPM to post-NPM. NPM reforms with emphasis on competition and result have brought changes in the legitimacy of democracy. The focus of legitimacy has turned procedural input basis into efficient output one. Due to the administrative reforms and changes in the nature of democracy the accountability of civil servants highlights individual public performance and disregards collective political control that is a critical legitimacy for input democracy. The transformation of the accountability tends to make public policies fragmented, finding little room to render them in favor of collective general interests. In order to resolve this problem, post-NPM reforms stressing collective public values, coordination and re-centralization of public servants emerge as suggested in neo-Weberian perspectives. These features are starting point of forging democratic governance and balanced democracy.
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단절과 점진의 화해 : 경로생성과 경로조정의 관점에서 본 노동정책 변동에 관한 연구
한종희 ( Han Chonghee ) 한국행정연구원 2018 韓國行政硏究 Vol.27 No.2
본 연구는 1987년 이후 현재에 이르는 30여년 간의 우리나라 노동정책 변동에 대한 분석이다. 노동정책 변화를 단절과 점진적 변동의 동학으로 보았다. 이는 제도 변화에 구조와 행위자의 상호작용에 방점을 두기 위함이다. 정책 변동은 신제도주의 관점을 근간으로 하면서, 경로생성 (path generation)과 경로조정(path alteration)의 개념을 활용하여 문헌분석을 중심으로 이루어졌다. 단절적 균형론이 시사하는 바, 새로운 경로생성에 따른 단절적 변동을 설명하기 위해 1987년 민주화, 1997년 IMF 경제위기, 즉 ‘외부 충격’(중대국면)에 주목했고, 경로조정을 통한 점진적 변동은 중대국면이 형성된 이후의 노·사·정의 상호작용, 전략적 선택에 초점을 두었다. 연구 결과, 노조설립의 자유화, 노사정위를 통한 노조의 정책참여 그리고 정리해고 합법화는 단절적 변동으로, 임금임상(전환), 근로시간 단축(전환), 유연근무제(가겹), 비정규직 보호(전치), 성과연봉제(표류)은 점진적 변동으로 분석 되었다. The study is about the analysis of labor policy changes for the past three decades in Korea. They are regarded as the dynamics of punctuated and marginal changes, the bases of which focus on the interactions between the structure and actors involved. It is based on new institutionalism theoretically as well as text analysis methodologically using the concept of path generation and path altering. As Punctuated Equilibrium Theory suggests, external shocks called critical junctures create a new path through which punctuated changes have occurred. They include the democratization of 1987, the so-called IMF economic crisis of 1997. However, the newly generated path is subject to alteration due to the strategic choices of policy actors, causing policies to change gradually. Good examples in terms of punctuated changes are liberalization of unions, involvement of union in policy-making process, and legalization of lay-offs. The marginal changes include wage increase (conversion), working hour reduction (conversion), flexible work schedule system (layering), performance-based pay system (drift), and irregular workers protection law (displacement).
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중국 ʻʻ211공정ʼʼ 및 ʻʻ985공정ʼʼ의 정책변동 분석에 관한 연구 : 다중흐름모형 적용을 중심으로
홍원일 ( Hong Weonil ),한종희 ( Han Chonghee ) 한국행정연구원 2020 韓國行政硏究 Vol.29 No.4
국제경쟁력은 인재 육성, 세계일류대학 확보에 있음을 간파한 중국은 1990년대 들어와 대학 개혁을 위한 정책문제, 정책대안, 정치 측면에서 각각 활발한 정책흐름을 보였다. 1993년, 1998년 각각 세 흐름이 결합되고 정책의 창이 열려, 100개 대학 집중 지원의 “211공정”, 세계일류대학 육성의 “985공정” 정책산출로 나타났다. “211공정” 추진 중 대상 대학을 축소, 집중 지원하여 세계일류대학을 건설한다는 “985공정”은 “211공정”의 정책변동이었다. 순간적인 정책의 창 개방과 정책산출까지 신중국 수립 전·후 대학 발전의 역사적 과정과 정책흐름 속에서 지속적인 개혁을 통해 대학의 수준을 향상시켜왔다. 한정된 자원을 집중과 선택이라는 정책 수단을 통해 현재 세계 2위의 연구 경쟁력을 보여주고 있다. 하지만 정책과정에 불공정, 학문의 자유 제한 등으로 정책변동의 의미는 퇴색했는데 21세기 고등교육강국 목표는 공정, 학술자유라는 보편적 가치를 포함한 정책변동이 수반되어야 의미가 있을 것이다. China, which recognized that international competitiveness was in fostering human resources and securing world-class universities, showed active trends in policy problem streams, policy alternatives streams, and politics streams for university reform in the 1990s. In 1993. 1998, the three flows were combined and the window of policy was opened, resulting in the “211 Project” of intensive support for 100 universities and the “985 Project” of fostering world-class universities. During the implementation of the “211 Project”, there was a policy change to the “985 Project” that drastically reduced and concentrated the target universities. Until the opening of the policy window and policy out, the Chinese government has improved the level of universities through the continual reform policies in the course of university development history and policy streams before and after the establishment of New China. It shows the world's second-largest research competitiveness by using limited resource to a few universities through the concentration and selection policy. However, in the process of policy implementation, unfairness and limitations on academic freedom have been creating policy mistrust. The goal of becoming a powerhouse for higher education in the 21st century will be meaningful when combined with the universal values of fairness and academic freedom.
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jiho Jang,Sunhyuk Kim,Chonghee Han 한국학술연구원 2010 Korea Observer Vol.41 No.2
Although big businesses in South Korea, called chaebol, contributed 10 the countrγs rapid economic developmenι their man agement govemanæ has been ticized for its large and d iversified structure. ThUs, the Korean govemment has attempted 10 disperse their rale p∞ses5ions and 10 prom e independent managemenl of individual finns. Qf various chaebol-related regulations, govemment approval of holding compan.ies was one of the mos‘ conlroversial issues. Changes 10 Ihe hold ing company policy caused conflicts among policy act。야 including not only chaebol and relevanl governmental miniSlries bul also numerous non govemmenlal organizations (NGOs) and eCQnomi‘ ts. is article analyzes the chaebol holding company p icy in Korea by applying the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF). ln this case, policy participants did not simply act from political and econom.ic interests in the policy process. Rather, related minislers, researchers, NGO leaders and jouma1îsts had different interpretations of technical analysis and empirical dala aboul hold ing companies and approached the policy issue based on their own belief systems Especially, extemal po1icy brokersι such as the Intemational Monetary Fund, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Devel opment, and the Intemational 8ank for Reconstruction and Devel opment, caused critical policy εhanges when the roles of d이nestic policy actors ‘ ere constrained
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