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Choi, Jongwan,Ji, Seok-Hwan,Choi, Chil-Sung,Oh, Jin-Woo,Kim, Felix Sunjoo,Kim, Nakjoong Optical Society of America 2014 Optics letters Vol.39 No.15
<P>We investigated the photorefractivity enhancement of polymeric composites by introducing gold nanoparticles (NPs). The gold NPs enhance the photocharge generation rate of sensitizers through plasmon resonance coupling achieved between NPs and sensitizers. Systematic studies show that the presence of gold NPs has increased photocharge generation efficiency, photoconductivity, diffraction efficiency, refractive index modulation, and photorefractive (PR) grating formation rate. The gold-NP-doped PR sample exhibits 2 times larger photocharge generation efficiency and photoconductivity, and 2.5 times faster PR grating formation rate compared to the control sample without the NPs.</P>
Clinical Factors for the Development of Posttraumatic Hydrocephalus after Decompressive Craniectomy
Choi, Il,Park, Hyung-Ki,Chang, Jae-Chil,Cho, Sung-Jin,Choi, Soon-Kwan,Byun, Bark-Jang The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2008 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.43 No.5
Objective : Earlier reports have revealed that the incidence of posttraumatic hydrocephalus (PTH) is higher among patients who underwent decompressive craniectomy (DC). The aim of this study was to determine the influencing factors for the development of PTH after DC. Methods : A total of 693 head trauma patients admitted in our hospital between March 2004 and May 2007 were reviewed. Among thee, we analyzed 55 patients with severe traumatic brain injury who underwent DC. We excluded patients who had confounding variables. The 33 patients were finally enrolled in the study and data were collected retrospectively for these patients. The patients were divided into two groups: non-hydrocephalus group (Group I) and hydrocephalus group (Group II). Related factors assessed were individual Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), age, sex, radiological findings, type of operation, re-operation and outcome. Results : Of the 693 patients with head trauma, 28 (4.0%) developed PTH. Fifty-five patients underwent DC and 13 (23.6%) developed PTH. Eleven of the 33 study patients (30.3%) who had no confounding factors were diagnosed with PTH. Significant differences in the type of craniectomy and re-operation were found between Group I and II. Conclusion : It is suggested that the size of DC and repeated operation may promote posttraumatic hydrocephalus in severe head trauma patients who underwent DC.
Choi, Seon-Joo,Lee, Sang-Hun,Ha, Yoon-Cheol,Yu, Ji-Hyun,Doh, Chil-Hoon,Lee, Youjin,Park, Jun-Woo,Lee, Sang-Min,Shin, Heon-Cheol The Electrochemical Society 2018 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.165 No.5
<P>Development of a tangible solid state battery has received great attention but there are various engineering challenges to overcome, especially for the scalable processing and the use of Li metal anode. In order to tackle these issues, we first evaluated the electrochemical stability of thio-LISICON solid electrolytes, i.e., Li10GeP2S12 (LGPS), Li7P3S11 (LPS), and Li7P2S8I (LPSI), where the glass-ceramic LPSI electrolyte showed a superior compatibility with Li metal. Moreover, a superionic conductivity of 1.35 x 10(-3) S/cm could be achieved by optimizing the wet mechanical milling and the low-temperature annealing processes. Using this superior LPSI solid electrolyte, we evaluated the electrochemical performance of pellet-type and slurry-type all-solid-state cells with LiNbO3-coated LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (LNO-NCM622)/LPSI composite cathode and Limetal anode. The initial discharge capacity of 150 mAh/g was achieved for the pellet-type test cell and similar to 120 mAh/g for the slurry-type cell. Comparing the interfacial resistances of the two types of cells, strategies to enhance the performance and realize a scale-up fabrication of all-solid state Li-ion batteries are discussed. (c) 2018 The Electrochemical Society.</P>
AIMP2 promotes TNFalpha-dependent apoptosis via ubiquitin-mediated degradation of TRAF2.
Choi, Jin Woo,Kim, Dae Gyu,Park, Min Chul,Um, Jung Yeon,Han, Jung Min,Park, Sang Gyu,Choi, Eung-Chil,Kim, Sunghoon Cambridge University Press 2009 Journal of cell science Vol.122 No.15
<P>AIMP2 (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase interacting multifunctional protein 2; also known as JTV-1) was first identified as p38 in a macromolecular protein complex that consisted of nine different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and two other auxiliary factors. AIMP2 also plays pivotal roles in the regulation of cell proliferation and death. Although AIMP2 was previously shown to augment TNFalpha-induced cell death, its working mechanism in this signal pathway was not understood. Here, we investigate the functional significance and mode of action of AIMP2 in TNFalpha signaling. TNFalpha-induced cell death was compromised in AIMP2-deficient or -suppressed cells and exogenous supplementation of AIMP2 augmented apoptotic sensitivity to TNFalpha signaling. This activity was confirmed by the AIMP2-dependent increase of IkappaB and suppression of NFkappaB. We found binding of AIMP2 to TRAF2, a key player in the TNFalpha signaling pathway. AIMP2 augmented the association of an E3 ubiquitin ligase, c-IAP1, with TRAF2, causing ubiquitin-dependent degradation of TRAF2. These findings suggest that AIMP2 can mediate the pro-apoptotic activity of TNFalpha via the downregulation of TRAF2 expression.</P>
New Photorefractive Polymer Composites Doped with Liquid Nonlinear Optical Chromophores
Choi, Chil-Sung,Moon, In-Kyu,Kim, Nak-Joong The Polymer Society of Korea 2009 Macromolecular Research Vol.17 No.11
Photorefractive polymer composites were synthesized based on poly (N-vinylcazbazole) (PVK) doped with liquid nonlinear optical chromophores and a sensitizer $C_{60}$. PVK/liquid NLO chromophores/$C_{60}$ devices showed no signs of phase separation and did not require a plasticizer, such as ethylcarbazole. The composites showed 69% diffraction efficiency (C3) and a rapid response time of 46 ms (C1) in four-wave mixing experiments at a light intensity of $60\;mW/cm^2$ and a wavelength of 633 nm.
Evaluation of Hydration Effect on Human Skin by $^1H$ MRS at 14.1T
Choi Chi-Bong,Hong Sung-Tak,Choe Bo-Young,Woo Dong-Chul,Yoon Seong-Ik,Cho Ji-Hyun,Lee Chul-Hyun,Cheong Chae-Joon,Park Sang-Yong,Oh Chil-Hwan Korean Magnetic Resonance Society 2006 Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Vol.10 No.1
Purpose: We achieved high resolution MR imaging and spectra of human skin in vitro with using a 14.1 T MRI/MRS system, and evaluated the hydration effect of various cosmetic products by measuring the skin's. moisture concentration. Materials and Methods: We used the Bruker 14.1 T MRI/MRS system with a vertical standard bore that was equipped with a DMX spectrometer gradient system (200 G/cm at a maximum 40 A), RF resonators (2, 5 and 10 mm) and Para Vision software. Spin echo and fast spin echo pulse sequences were employed for obtaining the high resolution MR images. The 3D-localized point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) method was used to acquire the MR spectra. Results: The high resolution MR images and spectra of human skin in vitro were successfully obtained on a 14.1 T system. The water concentration of human skin after applying a moisturizer was higher than that before applying a moisturizer. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that the high-resolution MR images and spectra of human skin from a high field NMR instrument could be applicable to evaluating the hydration state of the stratum corneum.