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A two-stage Kalman filter for the identification of structural parameters with unknown loads
Jia He,Xiaoxiong Zhang,Zhouquan Feng,Zhengqing Chen,Zhang Cao 국제구조공학회 2020 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.26 No.6
The conventional Kalman Filter (KF) provides a promising way for structural state estimation. However, the physical parameters of structural systems or models should be available for the estimation. Moreover, it is not applicable when the loadings applied to the structures are unknown. To circumvent the aforementioned limitations, a two-stage KF with unknown input approach is proposed for the simultaneous identification of structural parameters and unknown loadings. In stage 1, a modified observation equation is employed. The structural state vector is estimated by KF on the basis of structural parameters identified at the previous time-step. Then, the unknown input is identified by Least Squares Estimation (LSE). In stage 2, based on the concept of sensitivity matrix, the structural parameters are updated at the current time-step by using the estimated structural states obtained from stage 1. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is numerically validated via a five-story shearing model under random and earthquake excitations. Shaking table tests on a five-story structure are also employed to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach. It is demonstrated from numerical and experimental results that the proposed approach can be used for the identification of parameters of structure and the external force applied to it with acceptable accuracy.
Comparison of Tea Quality and Productive Effectiveness
Linfu Zhang,Huoxiang Ye,Yansheng Weng,Xiaoxiong Chen 한국차학회 2015 한국차학회지 Vol.- No.S
Mechanization processing of tea promotes development of Chinese tea industry, which makes tea manufacture from traditional style to modernization, and speeds up large scale of tea processing and increases economic efficiency of tea production. Techniques of tea processing are closely related with tea machines. During the experiments four kinds of processing methods were carried out and results showed that automatic Longjing tea processing machine got highest sensory score of tea quality and automatic processing line had the highest working efficient.