Luminescent Properties of Dy3+ - doped CaMgSi2O6 Phosphor

P. Chandrakar,R. N. Baghel,D. P. Bisen,B. P. Chandra 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.67 No.5

Photoluminescence (PL), mechanoluminescence (ML) and thermoluminescence (TL) studies of Dy3+-doped CaMgSi2O6 phosphor are reported in the present paper. The sample of CaMgSi2O6:Dy3+ was prepared by using a solid-state reaction method, where it was sintered at 1000 C for 3 hour in a reducing atmosphere. The phosphor was characterized by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) Spectroscopy, PL, TL, and ML measurement. From the X-ray diffraction pattern the phosphor was in a single-crystalline phase, and the average particle size of the CaMgSi2O6:Dy3+ phosphor was obtained as 44.15 nm from the peak corresponding to the (221) plane. The EDX spectroscopy confirmed the proper preparation of the sample. The afterglow of the sample exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation at 254 nm for 2 min could be seen for 30 min. The PL excitation peaks were found at 289 and 350 nm, and the CaMgSi2O6:Dy3+ phosphor showed three emission bands, with peaks at around 480 nm, 576 nm and 669 nm, respectively. From the TL glow curve, the activation energy was found to be 1.27 eV. The ML intensity increased linearly with increasing impact velocity of the piston used to deform the phosphor. The local piezoelectricity-induced electron bombardment model was shown to be able to interpret the ML emission well.

Artificial neural networks as classification and diagnostic tools for lymph node-negative breast cancers

Satya Eswari J.,Neha Chandrakar 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.4

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) can be used to develop a technique to classify lymph node negative breast cancer that is prone to distant metastases based on gene expression signatures. The neural network used is a multilayered feed forward network that employs back propagation algorithm. Once trained with DNA microarraybased gene expression profiles of genes that were predictive of distant metastasis recurrence of lymph node negative breast cancer, the ANNs became capable of correctly classifying all samples and recognizing the genes most appropriate to the classification. To test the ability of the trained ANN models in recognizing lymph node negative breast cancer, we analyzed additional idle samples that were not used beforehand for the training procedure and obtained the correctly classified result in the validation set. For more substantial result, bootstrapping of training and testing dataset was performed as external validation. This study illustrates the potential application of ANN for breast tumor diagnosis and the identification of candidate targets in patients for therapy.

Evaluating diaphragmatic dysfunction and predicting non-invasive ventilation failure in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in India

Patel Nupur B,Jain Gaurav,Chauhan Udit,Bhadoria Ajeet Singh,Chandrakar Saurabh,Indulekha Haritha 대한중환자의학회 2023 Acute and Critical Care Vol.38 No.2

Background Baseline diaphragmatic dysfunction (DD) at the initiation of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) correlates positively with subsequent intubation. We investigated the utility of DD detected 2 hours after NIV initiation in estimating NIV failure in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients. Methods In a prospective-cohort design, we enrolled 60 consecutive patients with AECOPD initiated on NIV at intensive care unit admission, and NIV failure events were noted. The DD was assessed at baseline (T1 timepoint) and 2 hours after initiating NIV (T2 timepoint). We defined DD as ultrasound-assessed change in diaphragmatic thickness (ΔTDI) <20% (predefined criteria [PC]) or its cut-off that predicts NIV failure (calculated criteria [CC]) at both timepoints. A predictive-regression analysis was reported. Results In total, 32 patients developed NIV failure, nine within 2 hours of NIV and remaining in the next 6 days. The ∆TDI cut-off that predicted NIV failure (DD-CC) at T1 was ≤19.04% (area under the curve [AUC], 0.73; sensitivity, 50%; specificity, 85.71%; accuracy; 66.67%), while that at T2 was ≤35.3% (AUC, 0.75; sensitivity, 95.65%; specificity, 57.14%; accuracy, 74.51%, hazard ratio, 19.55). The NIV failure rate was 35.1% in those with normal diaphragmatic function by PC (T2) versus 5.9% by CC (T2). The odds ratio for NIV failure with DD criteria ≤35.3 and <20 at T2 was 29.33 and 4.61, while that for ≤19.04 and <20 at T1 was 6, respectively. Conclusions The DD criterion of ≤35.3 (T2) had a better diagnostic profile compared to baseline and PC in prediction of NIV failure.

Dental Practitioners Self Reported Performance of Tobacco Cessation Counseling Interventions: A Cross Sectional Study

Parakh, Abhinav,Megalamanegowdru, Jayachandra,Agrawal, Rohit,Hathiwala, Siddhi,Chandrakar, Mayank,Tiwari, Ram,Veeranna, Thippeswamy Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.10

Background: The objective of the study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and behaviors of the practicing dentists regarding tobacco cessation counseling (TCC) in Chhattisgarh state and also the barriers that prevent them from doing so. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among dental practitioners of Raipur district, Chhattisgarh state (India). The sampling frame was registration with the State Dental Council and practicing in Raipur district. A questionnaire was personally administered and the practitioners were given explanations regarding how to complete it. Only descriptive statistics were calculated (SPSS version 16 for Windows). Results: Based on the responding dentists' self reports, 76% were not confident in TCC, 48% did not assume TCC to be their responsibility, 17% considered that it might have a negative impact on their clinical practice, whereas 24% considered it might take away precious time from their practice, 25% considered TCC by dentists to be effective to a considerable extent and 80% considered TCC activities are not effective due to lack of formal training, 69% considered dental clinics as an appropriate place for TCC but 82% thought there must be separate TCC centre and 100% of the dentists wanted TCC training to be a part of practice and that it should be included in dental curriculum. Some 95% of them were of the view that tobacco products should be banned in India and 86% responded that health professionals must refrain from tobacco habits so to act as role models for society. Conclusions: Dental professionals must expand their armamentarium to include TCC strategies in their clinical practice. The dental institutions should include TCC in the curriculum and the dental professionals at the primary and the community health care level should also be trained in TCC to treat tobacco dependence.

Rate of Rehospitalization in 60 Days of Discharge and It's Determinants in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction in a Tertiary Care Centre in India

Bhosale Kakasaheb H.,Nath Ranjit Kumar,Pandit Neeraj,Agarwal Puneet,Khairnar Shripad,Yadav Balram,Chandrakar Sulabh 대한심부전학회 2020 International Journal of Heart Failure Vol.2 No.2

Background and Objectives Identifying the patients with acute heart failure (HF) at high risk for rehospitalization after hospital discharge will enable proper optimization of treatment. This study is aimed to evaluate the rehospitalization rate at 60 days of discharge and their predictors in patients of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods This prospective observational study enrolled patients with left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) <40%, who were admitted because of acute decompensation. Patients were followed for 60 days to analyze rehospitalization rate and its predictors. Results Of 103 HFrEF patients (74% male; mean age 55.8 years) enrolled, 7 patients died during index admission and 3 patients lost to follow up. The 60-day rehospitalization rate was 37% (34/93). We studied 23 clinical and 9 biochemical predictors of rehospitalization. Out of 34 events of rehospitalization, 79.41% (n=28) was due to cardiac cause followed by respiratory 5.8% (n=2), renal 5.8% (n=2) and others 5.8% (n=2). Among all the parameters, on logistic regression analysis having longer length of index hospital stay (>7 days) (52.8% vs. 28.8%; odds ratio [OR], 1.79; confidence interval [CI], 1.2–7.25; p=0.040) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (26.5% vs. 8.5%; OR, 3.06; CI, 1.1–57.04; p=0.050) independently increased the risk of rehospitalization at 60 days of discharge. Further higher haemoglobin level (11.3 vs. 9.9 gm/dL; OR, 0.71; CI, 0.48–0.97; p=0.050) and higher LVEF at index admission (30.4% vs. 26.5%; OR, 0.87; CI, 0.75–0.99; p=0.049) were associated with decreased the risk of rehospitalization. Conclusions Our study reveals that patients with HFrEF have significantly higher rehospitalization rate (37%) and in-hospital mortality rates (6.78%) of any chronic cardiac disease conditions. Correction of low hemoglobin and special care in those who are having very low LVEF, CKD and longer length of stay, including tailored therapy and frequent visits may play an important role in preventing future rehospitalization in these patients. Background and Objectives Identifying the patients with acute heart failure (HF) at high risk for rehospitalization after hospital discharge will enable proper optimization of treatment. This study is aimed to evaluate the rehospitalization rate at 60 days of discharge and their predictors in patients of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods This prospective observational study enrolled patients with left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) <40%, who were admitted because of acute decompensation. Patients were followed for 60 days to analyze rehospitalization rate and its predictors. Results Of 103 HFrEF patients (74% male; mean age 55.8 years) enrolled, 7 patients died during index admission and 3 patients lost to follow up. The 60-day rehospitalization rate was 37% (34/93). We studied 23 clinical and 9 biochemical predictors of rehospitalization. Out of 34 events of rehospitalization, 79.41% (n=28) was due to cardiac cause followed by respiratory 5.8% (n=2), renal 5.8% (n=2) and others 5.8% (n=2). Among all the parameters, on logistic regression analysis having longer length of index hospital stay (>7 days) (52.8% vs. 28.8%; odds ratio [OR], 1.79; confidence interval [CI], 1.2–7.25; p=0.040) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (26.5% vs. 8.5%; OR, 3.06; CI, 1.1–57.04; p=0.050) independently increased the risk of rehospitalization at 60 days of discharge. Further higher haemoglobin level (11.3 vs. 9.9 gm/dL; OR, 0.71; CI, 0.48–0.97; p=0.050) and higher LVEF at index admission (30.4% vs. 26.5%; OR, 0.87; CI, 0.75–0.99; p=0.049) were associated with decreased the risk of rehospitalization. Conclusions Our study reveals that patients with HFrEF have significantly higher rehospitalization rate (37%) and in-hospital mortality rates (6.78%) of any chronic cardiac disease conditions. Correction of low hemoglobin and special care in those who are having very low LVEF, CKD and longer length of stay, including tailored therapy and frequent visits may play an important role in preventing future rehospitalization in these patients.