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Wei Li,Beverly Spray,Elisabet Børsheim,Soheila Korourian,Reza Hakkak 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.12
The health benefits of soy foods are attributed to the high-quality protein and the bioactive compounds such asisoflavones. We previously reported that feeding obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats soy protein concentrates (SPCs) with low isoflavone(LIF) and high isoflavone (HIF) for 9 weeks significantly reduced liver steatosis compared to a casein control (C) diet. Thecurrent study extended the dietary treatments to 18 weeks to investigate the long-term effect of LIF and HIF SPC diets. 6-week-old male lean (L, n = 21) and obese (O, n = 21) Zucker rats were fed a casein C diet, LIF and HIF SPC diets for 18weeks and body weight (BW) was recorded twice weekly. Rats were killed after 18 weeks to measure liver steatosis and serumaspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Obese rats had significantly greater final BW, liver weight, liverweight as the percentage of BW, and steatosis score compared to lean rats in all three dietary groups. The obese highisoflavones(OHIF) group had significantly higher BW compared to obese control (OC) group (P < .0001) and obese lowisoflavones(OLIF) group (P = .01). OC group had significantly greater liver weight, liver weight as the percentage of BW, andliver steatosis score compared to OLIF (P = .0077, P < .0001 and P < .0001, respectively) and OHIF (P = .0094, P < .0001, andP < .0001, respectively) groups. Taken together, long-term feeding of SPC diets protected against liver steatosis regardlessof isoflavone levels.
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Wei Li,Nathan C. Twaddle,Beverly Spray,Bernice Nounamo,Behjatolah Monzavi-Karbassi,Reza Hakkak 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.2
Soy's anti-inflammatory properties contribute to the health benefits of soy foods. This study was designed to investigate the bioavailability of soy isoflavones and whether the isoflavone content of soy protein concentrate diet would affect serum inflammatory proteins in an obese (fa/fa) Zucker rat model. Six-week-old male lean (L) and obese (O) Zucker rats were fed a casein control diet (C), soy protein concentrate with low isoflavones (SPC-LIF), or soy protein concentrate with high isoflavones (SPC-HIF) (7 rats/dietary group) before being killed at 9 and 18 weeks. Serum samples were analyzed for isoflavones and inflammatory proteins. At both time points, serum total (aglycone + conjugates) genistein, daidzein, and equol concentrations were significantly higher in L-SPC-HIF and O-SPC-HIF groups compared with L-SPC-LIF and O-SPC-LIF groups, respectively, and were not detectable in either L-C or O-C groups. At week 9, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration was significantly lower in O-SPC-HIF group compared with O-C and O-SPC-LIF group, whereas proteins tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels did not differ between any groups. At week 18, serum CRP levels in both O-SPC-HIF and O-SPC-LIF groups were significantly lower compared with the O-C group. TNF-α level was higher in the O-SPC-LIF group compared with both O-C and O-SPC-HIF groups, whereas IL-6 levels were not different between any groups. Taken together, feeding Zucker rats SPC-LIF and SPC-HIF diets led to different serum isoflavone concentrations in both L and O Zucker rats and altered CRP and TNF-α levels in obese Zucker rats compared with controls.
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