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1
Incidence and Course of Depression in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

SeungHo Ryu,HanYong Jung,KangJoon Lee,SeokWoo Moon,DongWoo Lee,Narei Hong,BaikSeok Kee,DoHoon Kim,Changsu Han,ChangUk Lee 대한신경정신의학회 2017 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.14 No.3
- 원문보기 2
  KCI
  
  스콜라
Objective-Depressive symptoms are common in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and they might influence the course and prognosis of AD. Depression could appear anytime in the course of the disease, and could either last considerably long or disappear easily. This study is intended to investigate the occurrence of depression in the course of AD and the risk factors of incidence. Methods-This study targeted 1,272 AD patients without depressive symptoms at the start of this study in Korea. A total of 775 subjects completed the study, and the occurrence of depression was assessed after 12 months. Demographic information of subjects was collected and cognitive functions, overall functions, and depression severity were assessed at the start of this study and after 12 months. Results-Among the 775 subjects, 103 subjects (13.29%) developed depression 12 months later. The MMSE-KC scores showed significant changes in both groups that developed depression and did not. In the univariate analysis, significant differences in the incidence of depression were found in terms of gender, the administration of the antidepressant at the baseline, the SGDS-K score, and the GDS score. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the increase in the incidence of depression was associated with a female, in the increase in SGDS-K score and the GDS score. Conclusion-The incidence of depression in the subjects who completed the 12-month follow-up observation was 13.29%. Moreover, in the multivariate analysis, a female gender and the severity of dementia, including the overall functions, seemed associated with the occurrence of depression.
2
Balance Deficit and Brain Connectivity in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

SunMi Kim,GiJung Hyun,TaeWoon Jung,YoungDon Son,InHee Cho,BaikSeok Kee,DougHyun Han 대한신경정신의학회 2017 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.14 No.4
- 원문보기 3
  ScienceON
  
  KCI
  
  스콜라
Objective-We aimed to assess disturbances in postural and gait balance and functional connectivity within the brain regions controlling balance in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods-Thirteen children with ADHD and 13 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. Gait balance was assessed by the difference in the center of pressure (COP) between the left and right foot, as well as the difference in plantar pressure between the left and right foot during gait. Neuroimaging data were acquired using a 3.0 Tesla MRI scanner. Functional connectivity between the vermis of the cerebellum and all other brain regionswas assessed. Results-The difference in plantar pressure between the left foot and right foot in the ADHD group was greater than that observed in the control group. The average COP jerk score of the right foot in the ADHD group was higher than that observed in the control group. A higher functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the right middle frontal gyrus (premotor cortex) and medial frontal gyrus (cingulate gyrus) was observed in the control group relative to the ADHD group. In the ADHD group, the difference in plantar pressure between the left and right foot was also negatively correlated with the beta-value within the middle frontal gyrus. Conclusion-Children with ADHD had disturbance of balance as assessed by plantar pressure. Decreased brain connectivity from the cerebellum to the premotor cortex and anterior cingulate was associated with disturbances of posture and balance in children with ADHD.