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Layered tungsten oxide-based hybrid materials incorporating transition metal ions
B. Ingham,S.V. Chong,J.L. Tallon 한국물리학회 2006 Current Applied Physics Vol.6 No.3
Layered organicinorganic hybrid materials represent a quasi-two-dimensional system that may exhibit interesting behaviour. Tran-sition metal ions were incorporated in a tungsten oxide/a,x-diaminoalkane layered hybrid system via three synthesis techniques. X-raydiraction indicates an expansion of the interlayer spacing with increasing alkyl length. Infrared vibrational spectra of hybrid manganesetungstate hybrid compounds demonstrate that the inorganic framework is unaltered with dierent intercalates, and that the organicwith 2D3D coupling at low temperatures. Manganese tungstate hybrids exhibit antiferromagnetic correlations, while a nickel tungstatehybrid studied indicates ferromagnetic correlations and forms a spin-canted antiferromagnet. AC susceptibility measurements of irontungstate hybrids reveal spin-glass-like behaviour.
Novel materials based on organic-tungsten oxide hybrid systems I: synthesis and characterisation
J. L. Tallon,B. Ingham,S. V. Chong 한국물리학회 2004 Current Applied Physics Vol.4 No.2-4
Novel layered materials based on diaminoalkanetungsten oxide have been synthesised and characterised. Results from X-raydiraction (XRD) indicate these materials are layered with the corresponding interlayer spacing governed by the diaminoalkane chain length. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) studies reveal dierences in the structure of the terminal amine groups, with diamino-ethanetungsten oxides having ANH2 terminal groups while the longer amines are mostlyANHþ3 terminated. Consequently, twodierent decomposition temperature regions are observed in thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) for this hybrid system. Theintercalation of amines into the tungsten oxide framework also appears to increase the band-gap energy(Eg) as compared withWO3, but no dierence inEg was observed among the diaminoalkane-tungsten oxides, indicating that the oxide layers are elec-tronically decoupled.
Structure of palladium nanoclusters for hydrogen gas sensors
K.J. Stevens,B. Ingham,M.F. Toney,S.A. Brown,A. Lassesson 한국물리학회 2008 Current Applied Physics Vol.8 No.3,4
Palladium nanoclusters produced by inert gas aggregation/magnetron sputtering are used as building blocks for the construction ofnano electronic devices with large surface to volume ratios that can be used as sensitive hydrogen gas sensors in fuel cells and in petro-chemical plants. X-ray diraction (XRD), extended X-ray absorption ne structure (EXAFS), and high resolution transmission electronmicroscopy (HRTEM) have been used to characterise the structure, lattice constant, particle diameter and oxide thickness of the palla-dium nanoclusters in order to understand the operation of these sensors. Grazing incidence XRD (GIXRD) of heat treated Pd clustershas shown that the palladanite structure forms at elevated temperatures.
J. l. Tallon,S. V. Chong,B. Ingham 한국물리학회 2004 Current Applied Physics Vol.4 No.2-4
In this paper we report experimental and theoretical results concerning the band structure of tungsten trioxide and how this system relates to a new class of layered organic–inorganic hybrid materials based on a tungsten oxide framework. UV–visible spectroscopy was performed on various tungsten trioxide samples. Diffuse reflectance on powder samples indicates a single absorption edge centred at 2.8 eV,while transmission and reflectance of thin films show a strong feature at 4.0 eV. This is supported by ab initio calculations,in which a strong peak is seen at 4.0 eV in the density of states. For the hybrid system,1, n-diaminoalkane tungsten oxide,a change in the calculated band structure is seen compared with the tungsten oxide system; a peak appears just above 3.0 eV in the density of states with a low intensity 'tail' below this. UV–visible spectra of powder reflectance of hybrid samples indicate a dominant absorption edge centred at 4.0 eV.