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Arshad Mehmood,Sheher Bano,Aisha Fahim,Riffat Parveen,Shazia Khurshid 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.32 No.5
The adsorption capabilities of Syzygium cumini leaves were investigated for crystal violet and eosin B using batch adsorption method. Removal conditions were optimized by varying operational parameters like pH, dose of adsorbent, contact time and temperature. Presence of salts had a profound effect on the adsorption and the experimental data for both adsorbates, providing good correlation with the Temkin, Langmuir and Freundlich patterns, but differing from Dubinin-Radushkevich model. Maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 38.75 mg/g for crystal violet and 16.28mg/g for eosin B respectively. Boyd-Adamson-Myers, Morris-Weber and Bangham’s surface mass transport models revealed that film diffusion was the rate controlling process and followed pseudo-second order kinetics. Activation energy was estimated to be 57.265 and 6.721 kJ/mol for crystal violet and eosin B respectively. Adsorption of crystal violet is endothermic and that of Eosin B is exothermic but both were spontaneous at all temperatures. To study the bulk removal of the dyes, column operations were made. The exhausted columns were regenerated by eluting HCl solution and almost 91.94% of CV and 58.08% of EB were recovered from columns, respectively.
Comprehensive Account on Prevalence and Characteristics of Hydatid Cysts in Livestock from Pakistan
Naunain Mehmood,Muhammad Arshad,Haroon Ahmed,Sami Simsek,Hira Muqaddas 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.58 No.2
Pakistan is at intersection of hyperendemic regions for hydatidosis. Current study aimed to determine the prevalence of hydatid cysts and cyst characteristics in different intermediate hosts (sheep, goats, cattle and buffaloes) across the 4 provinces of Pakistan. A total of 991 sheep, 1,478 goats, 1,602 cattle and 1,343 buffaloes were examined for presence of hydatid cysts during 2 years (January 2016-December 2018). Differences in frequency of hydatidosis were observed with highest overall prevalence in buffaloes (11.9%) and sheep (11.5%). Highest prevalence and burden of infection were observed in older age animals (23.8%, 9.78±0.49) and females (26.5%, 12.53±0.67). Data for seasonal prevalence alluded to year-round presence of disease with non-significant statistical difference. Organ predilection indicated liver as the most preferred site of cyst localization followed mainly by lungs. An over-dispersion pattern was observed in all infected animals as majority of cysts belonged <10 cysts per infected host category. Highest percentage of fertile cysts was observed in liver of sheep. Interestingly, solitary form of cysts had higher fertility rate than multiple form. Amid lack of data and wide gap of knowledge, this study would try to fill up the lacunae regarding this neglected tropical disease. Extensive rearing of livestock, unregulated official slaughter and home slaughtering have played role in adaptability of E. granulosus in Pakistan.
Spatial and temporal analysis of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Munazza Fatima,Rehman Mehmood Khattak,Sue. C. Grady,Ibtisam Butt,Sana Arshad,Till Ittermann,Henry Volzke 대한공간정보학회 2022 Spatial Information Research Vol.30 No.4
Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) is a main health issue of Pakistan. This study deals to visualize the spatial distribution of ARIs in first instance and further to investigate their underlying temporal pattern in Bahawalpur district of Southern Punjab Pakistan. The main purpose is to measure spatial patterns of ARIs which might be helpful for better understanding its environmental determinants and leads to hypothesis generation for further investigation. Study design selected to conduct this research is of descriptive and exploratory nature. Epidemiological data of ARIs was collected mainly through 115 health centres from the study area for year 2010 to 2012 and was used to map spatial patterns of ARIs through Inverse distance weighted (IDW) spatial interpolation and Spatial Autocorrelation and Cluster Outlier Analysis. Results show that the clusters of ARIs were found mainly around urban units of tehsils. The study also suggests the set of remedies and policy changes addressing the local environmental problems and to reducing the incidence of ARIs through collaboration of local government and community.
Zahra, Zahra,Waseem, Naima,Zahra, Rubab,Lee, Hwanhui,Badshah, Mohsin Ali,Mehmood, Arshad,Choi, Hyung-Kyoon,Arshad, Muhammad American Chemical Society 2017 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.65 No.28
<P>Plants have the natural ability to withstand stress conditions through metabolic adjustments. The present study aimed at investigating the effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) application (0, 25, 50, 150, 250, 500, and 750 mg kg(-1)) in phosphorus-deficient soil in terms of growth responses, P contents, and metabolic alterations in rice. TiO2 NPs application increased shoot length up to 14.5%. Phosphorus contents in rice roots, shoots, and grains were increased by 2.6-, 2.4-, and 1.3-fold, respectively, at 750 mg kg(-1) of TiO2 NPs. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics revealed increased levels of amino acids, palmitic acid, and glycerol content in grains resulting from plants grown in 750 mg kg(-1) TiO2 NPs-treated soil. Furthermore, no translocation of TiO2 NPs from the treated soil to rice grains was detected by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), which suggests no risk of TiO2 NPs intake via grain consumption. The observed data indicates the strong relationship among NPs application, P contents, and metabolic alterations.</P>