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Ahmed Al-Sharefi,Richard Quinton 대한내분비학회 2020 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.35 No.3
Male hypogonadism—rebadged by some as testosterone deficiency syndrome—is a clinical and biochemical diagnosis of increasingworldwide interest. Organic male hypogonadism—usually permanent—is well-established, but aging men may also exhibit lowerserum testosterone levels; principally due to burden of extra-gonadal comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome, but with an underlying intact hypothalamo-pituitary-testicular (HPT) axis capable of springing back into operation once comorbidities are addressed. Despite encouraging observational data and plausible theoretical underpinning, evidence for efficacy andsafety of testosterone in this “aging” group of men is lacking; addressing comorbid illnesses remains the key priority instead. Nevertheless, in recent years, accumulation of misleading information online has triggered a global tsunami of testosterone prescriptions. Despite this, many men with organic hypogonadism remain undiagnosed or untreated; many more face a diagnostic odyssey beforeachieving care by the appropriate specialist. As testosterone therapy is not without risk several clinical practice guidelines have beenpublished specialist societies to guide physicians on best practice. However, these are heterogeneous in key areas, reflecting divergent approaches to the same evidence basis. Herein, we navigate the major clinical practice guidelines on male hypogonadism andtest their respective recommendations against current best evidence.