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Green, Joel D.,Yang, Yao-Lun,II, Neal J. Evans,Karska, Agata,Herczeg, Gregory,Dishoeck, Ewine F. van,Lee, Jeong-Eun,Larson, Rebecca L.,Bouwman, Jeroen American Astronomical Society 2016 The Astronomical journal Vol.151 No.3
<P>We present the COPS-DIGIT-FOOSH (CDF) Herschel spectroscopy data product archive, and related ancillary data products, along with data fidelity assessments, and a user-created archive in collaboration with the Herschel-PACS and SPIRE ICC groups. Our products include datacubes, contour maps, automated line fitting results, and best 1D spectra products for all protostellar and disk sources observed with PACS in RangeScan mode for two observing programs: the DIGIT Open Time Key Program (KPOT_nevans_1 and SDP_nevans_1; PI: N.. Evans), and the FOOSH Open Time Program (OT1_jgreen02_2; PI: J. Green). In addition, we provide our best SPIRE-FTS spectroscopic products for the COPS Open Time Program (OT2_jgreen02_6; PI: J. Green) and FOOSH sources. We include details of data processing, descriptions of output products, and tests of their reliability for user applications. We identify the parts of the data set to be used with caution. The resulting absolute flux calibration has improved in almost all cases. Compared to previous reductions, the resulting rotational temperatures and numbers of CO molecules have changed substantially in some sources. On average, however, the rotational temperatures have not changed substantially (<2%), but the number of warm (T-rot similar to 300 K) CO molecules has increased by about 18%.</P>
CO in Protostars (COPS): <i>Herschel</i>-SPIRE Spectroscopy of Embedded Protostars
Yang, Yao-Lun,Green, Joel D.,Evans II, Neal J.,Lee, Jeong-Eun,Jørgensen, Jes K.,Kristensen, Lars E.,Mottram, Joseph C.,Herczeg, Gregory,Karska, Agata,Dionatos, Odysseas,Bergin, Edwin A.,Bouwman, Jeroe American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astrophysical journal Vol.860 No.2
<P>We present full spectral scans from 200 to 670. mu m of 26 Class 0+I protostellar sources obtained with Herschel-SPIRE as part of the 'COPS-SPIRE' Open Time program, complementary to the DIGIT and WISH Key Programs. Based on our nearly continuous, line-free spectra from 200 to 670. mu m, the calculated bolometric luminosities (L-bol) increase by 50%. on average, and the bolometric temperatures (T-bol) decrease by 10%. on average, in comparison with the measurements without Herschel. Fifteen protostars have the same class using Tbol and L-bol/L-smm. We identify rotational transitions of CO lines from J = 4 -> 3to J = 13 -> 12, along with emission lines of (CO)-C-13, HCO+, H2O, and [C I]. The ratios of (CO)-C-12 to (CO)-C-13 indicate that (CO)-C-12 emission remains optically thick for J(up) < 13. We fit up to four components of temperature from the rotational diagram with flexible break points to separate the components. The distribution of rotational temperatures shows a primary population around 100 K with a secondary population at similar to 350 K. We quantify the correlations of each line pair found in our data set and find that the strength of the correlation of CO lines decreases as the difference between J levels between two CO lines increases. The multiple origins of CO emission previously revealed by velocity-resolved profiles are consistent with this smooth distribution if each physical component contributes to a wide range of CO lines with significant overlap in the CO ladder. We investigate the spatial extent of CO emission and find that the morphology is more centrally peaked and less bipolar at high-J lines. We find the CO emission observed with SPIRE related to outflows, which consists of two components, the entrained gas and shocked gas, as revealed by our rotational diagram analysis, as well as the studies with velocity-resolved CO emission.</P>