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Ground state opto-electronic and thermoelectric response of cubic XSnO3 (X = Ba, Sr) compounds
M. Bilal Saddique,Muhammad Rashid,Adnan Afzal,Shahid M. Ramay,Farooq Aziz,Asif Mahmood 한국물리학회 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.8
The density functional has been implemented to deliberate the cubic perovskite XSnO3 (X ¼ Ba, Sr) for their elastic, electronic, optical as well as thermoelectric characteristic. The XSnO3 (X ¼ Ba, Sr) illustrates good pact of lattice parameter for these iso-structural compounds having cubic perovskite structure. The generalized gradient approximation based on the exchange-correlation functional is applied for computing structural and mechanical characteristic, whereas the electronic, optical and thermoelectric properties have been studied by the functional suggested by Tran and Blaha that is termed as of modified Becke-Johnson (mBJ) functional. The thermodynamics stability is recognized through the expression of enthalpies of formation, which is further verified from the calculated structural properties of cubic perovskite XSnO3 (X ¼ Ba, Sr). Moreover, various elastic parameters such has bulk modules B, Cij, shear modulus G, Young's modulus Y, anisotropy factor, B/G ratio and Poisson's ratio n have also been reported. It has been observed by band structure computation that the studied compounds exhibit an indirect band gap between the unoccupied Ba/Sr 6s/5s and the occupied O 2p orbitals. Detailed study of optical properties is presented under the incident photon energy upto 28 eV. Our computed static dielectric constant ε2(0) and refractive index n(0) are comparable with other theoretical and experimental values. Thermoelectric properties are presented in terms of computed Seebeck coefficient, electrical and thermal conductivities and their variation with the rise in temperature suggest that the studied compounds may find applications in the construction of various thermo-electric devices.
Mohammad Ali Zakeri,Adnan Rashid Aziz,Elham Rahiminezhad,Mahlagha Dehghan 대한중환자의학회 2024 Acute and Critical Care Vol.39 No.1
Background: Muscle weakness is prevalent in intensive care patients. This study focused on comparing the effects of massage and range of motion (ROM) exercises on muscle strength and intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial that recruited patients (n=45) with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU and divided them into three groups (ROM exercises, massage, and control). We evaluated muscle strength and ICU-AW in the arms and legs using a hand dynamometer. The Medical Research Council sum score was determined before and after the intervention. Results: The study findings were that 0%, 20%, and 100% of the participants in the ROM exercises, massage, and control groups had ICU-AW on the 7th day of ICU admission. The ROM exercise group had greater muscle strength in the hands and legs than the massage and control groups, and the massage group had greater muscle strength than the control group. Conclusions: Massage and ROM exercises could improve muscle strength and reduce ICU-AW in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU.