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데칼법을 이용한 연속 제조 공정에서의 고분자 전해질 연료전지용 전극 개발
임성대(Yim, Sung-Dae),박석희(Park, Seok-Hee),윤영기(Yoon, Young-Gi),양태현(Yang, Tae-Hyun),김창수(Kim, Chang-Soo) 한국신재생에너지학회 2010 신재생에너지 Vol.6 No.1
Membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been extensively studied to improve their initial performance as well as their durability and to facilitate the commercialization of fuel cell technology. To improve the MEA performance, particularly at low Pt loadings, many approaches have been made. In the present study, MEA performance improvement was performed by adding TiO₂ particles into the catalyst layer of MEA. Most of previous studies have focused on the MEA performance enhancement under low humidity conditions by adding metal oxides into the catalyst layer mainly due to the water keeping ability of those metal oxides particles such as Al₂O₃, SiO₂ and zeolites. However, this study mainly focused on the improvement of MEA performance under fully humidified normal conditions. In this study, the MEA was prepared by decal method aiming for a continuous MEA fabrication process. The decal process can make very thin and uniform catalyst layer on the surface of electrolyte membrane resulting in very low interfacial resistance between catalyst layer and the membrane surface and uniform electrode structure in the MEA. It was found that the addition of TiO₂ particles into the catalyst layer made by decal method can minimize water flooding in the catalyst layer, resulting in the improvement of MEA performance.
Effect of stack configuration on the performance of 10W PEMFC stack
임성대(Yim, Sung-Dae),김병주(Kim, Byung-Ju),손영준(Sohn, Young-Jun),윤영기(Yoon, Young-Gi),양태현(Yang, Tae-Hyun),김창수(Kim, Chang-Soo),김영채(Kim, Young-Chai) 한국신재생에너지학회 2009 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.06
A small PEM fuel cell has two different stack configurations such as active and passive stacks. The active stack has a distintion of high power density although it makes system complex by using alr blower and related BOPs resulting in large system volume. On the contrary, passive stack has an advantage of compact system because it doesn't need air supplying devices although it reveals relatively low stack power density. In this study we fabricated two 10W PEMFC stacks with different stack configurations, active and passive stacks, and tested their performance and stability. The active stack consists of 13cells with an active area of 5cm². The passive stack has 12cells with an active area of 16cm². When we compared the stack performance of those stacks, the active stack showed higher power density compared to the passive stack, particularly at high voltage regions. However, at low voltage and high current regions, the passive stack performance was comparable to the active stack. The stack stability was largely dependent on the fuel humidity, particularly for active stack. At low humidity conditions, the active stack performance was decreased continuously and the cell voltage distribution was not uniform showing seriously low cell voltage at center cells mainly due to the cell drying. The passive stack showed relatively stable behavior at low humidity and the stack performance was largely dependent on the atmospheric conditions.
이상헌(Lee, Sang-Heon),임성대(Yim, Sung-Dae),박구곤(Park, Gu-Gon),유상필(Yu, Sang-Phil),윤영기(Yoon, Young-Gi),김창수(Kim, Chang-Soo),박승빈(Park, Seung-Bin) 한국신재생에너지학회 2005 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.06
현재 인류가 직면하고 있는 에너지 및 환경 문제를 해결할 수 있는 최선의 대안으로서 수소 에너지 및 연료전지 기술에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행 중이다. 본 연구에서는 디메틸 에테르를 이용한 수소 생산 기술에 대한 연구를 수행하였다 디메틸 에테르(BATE)는 안정한 화합물로서 비 활성적이고 부식성이 없으며 발암성 및 마취성이 얼어 인체에 무해한 청청 연료로서 각광을 받고 있으며 특히 기존의 LPG 인프라를 그대로 사용할 수 있는 장점 등으로 수소 스테이션 및 소형 연료전지용 수소 발생기 등에의 적용을 위한 연구가 활발히 진행 중이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 응용을 위한 수소 발생기용 DME 개질 반응기의 개발을 위하여 본 반응에 대한 촉매 종류의 영향, 공간속도의 최적화, 반응 메카니즘에 따른 촉매 선정, 반응온도 등의 다양한 반웅 조건에 대한 영향을 확인하고 실제 소형 연료전지를 위한 수소공급 장치로서 적용코자 마이크로채널 반응기에 적용하여 마이크로채널 DME 개질반응기의 컴팩트한 수소공급 장치로서의 적용 가능성을 평가하였다.
저 가습에서 유리한 고분자 전해질 연료전지용 자가 가습 전극 개발
김은영(Eunyoung Kim),임성대(Sungdae Yim),배병찬(Byungchan Bae),양태현(Taehyun Yang),박석희(Seokhee Park),최호석(Hosuk Choi) 한국신재생에너지학회 2015 신재생에너지 Vol.11 No.4
Excessive humidity within polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) interrupts the flow of reactant gases, ultimately leading to substantial reduced performance. Also, low levels of water in the electrode result in an increased ohmic resistance due to membrane drying at low humidity levels. In this study, a self-humidifying electrode was prepared by adding a hydrophilic polymer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), to the catalyst layer. Glutaraldehyde (GA) was employed as a crosslinking agent to prevent washing of PVA during cell operation. Non-crosslinked hydroxyl groups of PVA assist in the retention of water from the reactant gas. Improvement of the initial performance and durability is predicted at low humidity levels. Due to their water-absorbing characteristics, the novel electrodes are appropriate for applications to self-humidifying MEA.
손영준(Sohn, Young-Jun),임성대(Yim, Sung-Dae),박구곤(Park, Gu-Gon),김경연(Kim, Kyoung-Youn),김민진(Kim, Min-Jin),이원용(Lee, Won-Yong) 한국신재생에너지학회 2008 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
Air-breathing polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are highly promising particularly for small-power applications up to tens watts class. A distinctive feature of the air-breathing PEMFC is its simple system configuration in which axial fans operate for dual purposes, supplying both oxidant and coolant in a single manner. In the present study, a nominal 80W air-breathing PEMFC system is developed and investigated to determine the optimal operating strategy through parametric studies (i.e., reactant humidity, and fanblowing flow rate). The cell voltage distributions are examined as a function of time to evaluate the system performance under various operating conditions.
비백금 촉매를 이용한 알칼리 연료전지 캐소드 전극 개발
박석희(Park, SeokHee),최영우(Choi, YoungWoo),임성대(Yim, SungDae),김창수(Kim, ChangSoo),박승빈(Park, Seung Bin) 한국신재생에너지학회 2011 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.05
저온에서 양이온 고분자막을 사용하는 고분자 연료전지의 경우 뛰어난 성능과 다양한 응용분야로 인해 많은 연구와 실증이 이루어지고 있지만 공기극에서의 느린 산소 환원반응으로 인해 백금과 같은 귀금속의 사용이 불가피하고 백금의 제한된 매장량과 높은 가격으로 인해 상용화가 늦어지고 있다. 그래서 많은 연구자들이 합금 촉매 또는 비귀금속 촉매를 이용한 전극 개발에 집중하고 있다. 알칼리 분위기에서 저가의 전이 금속들이 백금과 비슷한 활성을 보이고 고체 음이온 교환막이 개발됨에 따라 최근 알칼리 연료전지가 다시금 큰 주목을 받고 있다. 그러나 고분자 연료전지와는 달리 아직 촉매나 전해질막, 이오노머의 특성 및 메커니즘에 관해 별로 알려진 것이 없다. 본 연구에서는 직접 개발한 세공충진막 형태의 탄화수소계의 음이온 교환막과 비귀금속 공기극 촉매를 이용하여 막전극접합체(MEA)를 개발하였고 촉매 및 이오노머 함량과 같은 전극 조성, 막전극접합체의 제조 및 체결, 가습이나 가스조성 등의 단위전지 운전조건과 같은 다양한 변수에 대해에 최적 조건을 도출하고자 하였다. 공기극 촉매는 Cu-Fe/C를 이용한 상용 촉매를 이용하였고 이오노머의 경우는 탄화수소계의 상용 제품을 사용하였으며 음이온 교환막에 전극층을 형성하기 위해서는 스프레이 공정을 이용하였다. 단위전지를 통해 성능을 확인하였고 임피던스 및 CV를 통해 전기화학적인 특성을 규명하였다. 조건의 최적화를 통해 상당한 성능 향상을 이루었으나 추가적인 성능 향상 및 내구성 확보 등에 대해 계속적인 실험을 진행할 예정이다.
류성관(Ryu, Sung Kwan),최영우(Choi, Young Woo),양태현(Yang, Tae Hyun),임성대(Yim, Sung Dae),김한성(Kim, Han Sung),김창수(Kim, Chang Soo) 한국신재생에너지학회 2010 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.11
Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) have received a lot of attention as a power source for both stationary and mobile applications due to their attractive feature. In general, the performance of PEFCs is highly affected by the property of the electrodes. A PEFC electrode essentially consists of a gas diffusion layer and a catalyst layer. The gas difusion layer is highly porous and hydrophobicized with PTFE polymer. The catalyst layer usually contains electrocatalyst, proton conducting polymer, even PTFE as additive. Particularly, the proton conducting ionomer helps to increase the catalytic activity at three-phase boundary and catalyst utilization. Futhermore, it helps to retain moisture, resulting in preventing the electrodes from membrane dehydration. The most widely used proton conducting ionomer is perfluorinated sulfonic acid polymer, namely, Nafion from DuPont due to its high proton conductivity and good mechanical property. However, there are great demands for alternative ionomers based on non-fluorinated materials in terms of high temperature availability, environmental adaptability and production cost. In this study, the electrodes with the various content of the sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) ionomer in the catalyst layer were prepared. In addition, we evaluated electrochemical properties of the prepared electrodes containing the various amount of the ionomers by using the cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy to find an optimal ionomer composition in the catalyst layer.
Pore-filling anion conducting membranes and their cell performance for a solid alkaline fuel cell
최영우(Choi, Youngwoo),이미순(Lee, Misoon),박구곤(Park, Gugon),임성대(Yim, Sungdae),양태현(Yang, Taehyun),김창수(Kim, Changsoo) 한국신재생에너지학회 2010 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.06
AEM which were used for solid alkaline fuel cell(SAFC) were prepared by photo polymerization in method pore-filling with various quaternary ammonium cationic monomers and crosslinkers without an amination process. Their specific thermal and chemical properties were characterized through various analyses and the physico-chemical properties of the prepared electrolyte membranes such as swelling behavior, ion exchange capacity and ionic conductivity were also investigated in correlation with the electrolyte composition. The polymer electrolyte membranes prepared in this study have a very wide hydroxyl ion conductivity range of 0.01 - 0.45S/cm depending on the composition ratio of the electrolyte monomer and crosslinking agent used for polymerization. However, the hydroxyl ion conductivity of the membranes was relatively higher at the whole cases than those of commercial products such as A201 membrane of Tokuyama. These pore-filling membranes have also excellent properties such as smaller dimensional affects when swollen in solvents, higher mechanical strength, lowest electrolyte crossover through the membranes, and easier preparation process compared of traditional cast membranes. The prepared membranes were then applied to solid alkaline fuel cell and it was found comparable fuel cell performance to A201 membrane of Tokuyama.