居金水道內 養殖漁場의 海洋還境特性 Ⅰ. 植物플랑크톤 群集의 季節變動

윤양호(Yang Ho Yoon),고남표(Nam Pyo Koh) 한국수산과학회 양식분과 1995 韓國養殖學會誌 Vol.8 No.1

한국연안해역 와편모조류 시스트 연구에 관한 고찰

윤양호 ( Yang Ho Yoon ),신현호 ( Hyeon Ho Shin ) 한국환경생물학회 2013 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.31 No.4

한국 연안 해역의 와편모조류 시스트의 연구 현황과 특성을 파악하기 위해 한국 연안과 내만은 물론 제주도 남부와 황해 일부해역을 포함한 동중국해를 대상으로 수행한 45편의 학술연구논문을 분석하였다. 결과 한국의 와편모조류 시스트는 1980년대 후반부터 연구가 시작되었고, 대상 해역은 적조발생 등 부영양화 해역이나 연안개발이 이루어지는 해역에 집중되었으며, 동해를 대상으로 한 연구결과는 없었다. 연구 내용도 단순한 출현 종분석에서 부영양화 진행 등 해양환경의 변화과정 추적, 적조 발생에서 종자군으로서 역할, 세디맨트 트랩을 이용한 시스트의 형성과 변화양상 추적, 수소이온 농도 등해양환경 변화에 따른 형태변화, 실험실에서 특정 종의발아 특성 등 국제적 수준의 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있었다. 출현종이나 출현 세포밀도 역시 해역에 따라 매우 다양한 특성을 보인다. 그러나 한국의 와편모조류 시스트 연구는 아직 체계적 연구가 이루어지지 못하고 있고, 단편적이면서 개별적 내용으로 매우 제한적인 연구 성격을 나타내었다. 특정 해역에 편중된 연구결과와 특정 연구 연구 집단에 의해 산발적인 연구가 수행되는 경향을 나타내었다. 해양에서 표층퇴적물의 와편모조류 시스트는 표영 환경의 누적지표를 나타내는 것으로 해양환경 변화를 효율적으로 추적하는 데 유용한 지표가 되고 있음을 고려할 때, 국내에서도 조직적인 인력양성과 함께 해양생태계의 구성인자로서 필수 해양생물 분야로 취급하는 연계적인 연구 추진이 절실하게 요구된다. To investigate the research state and characteristics of dinoflagellate cyst along the Korean coastal waters, this work analyzed 45 studies conducted in the Korean coasts and basin, the south of Jeju, East China Sea including some part of the Yellow Sea. It was found that the research on dinoflagellate cyst began in the later half of the 1980s in Korea, and that the research areas focused on eutrophied regions where a red tide occurred or on the seas where coastal development occurred. In other words, no research on the East Sea was found. In terms of research contents, there were various studies on analysis of cyst assemblage, tracking of the changes in marine environment like process of eutrophication, roles as a seed population in occurrence of a red tide, creation of cyst by use of sediment trip and tracking of its changes, morphological changes by the change of pH concentration in the hypoxia zone of eutrophied region, germination of a specific species, and other international-level studies. Species composition and cell density also varied in the Korean coastal waters. However, much research on dinoflagellate cyst in Korea is not systematic, and is fragmentary and individual and hencesuffers from great limitations. The research results so far have focused only on specific regions, and sporadic research had been conducted by specific research groups. Dinoflagellate cyst of surface sediments represents the accumulation index of pelagic environment in the sea and is a useful index to understand the marine environment efficiently. In conclusion, Korea requires organized human resources and collaborative research on dinoflagellate cyst which in turn should be considered as a component of marine ecosystem and as an essential aspect of marine biology.

거금수도 양식어장의 해양환경 특성 2. 수질과 엽록소 양의 변동특성

윤양호(Yang Ho Yoon),박종식(Jong Sick Park),고남표(Nam Pyo Koh) 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2000 韓國養殖學會誌 Vol.13 No.1

시아해의 수질환경과 식물플랑크톤 생물량의 시 공간적 분포특성과 기초생물량변동에 영향을 미치는 환경특성

윤양호(Yang Ho Yoon) 한국환경생물학회 2000 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Field survey on the spatio-temporal distribution of water quality and chlorophyll α concentration, and the environmental factors on the variation of phytoplankton biomass were carried out at the 23 stations for four seasons in the Shiahae, southwestern coast of Korean Peninsula from February to October in 1995. I made an analysis on biological factor as chlorophyll α concentration as well as environmental factors such as water temperature, salinity and nutrients; ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, phosphate, N/P ratio, silicate and Si/P ratio. The waters in the Shiahae were not stratified due to the tidal mixing and high velocity of tidal current. And the high productivity in photic layer were supported by high nutrients concentration from freshwater on lands and bottom waters. The low depth of transparency in the Shiahae had a bad influence upon primary production and marine biology. In Shiahae had a sufficient nutrients for primary production during a year. Especially dissolved inorganic nitrogen and silicate were high, the other side, phosphate was low. The source of nutrients in summer and silicate supply depend on input of freshwater from lands, the other side, dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphate were depend on rather supplied from bottom layer by the mixing and input of seawater from outside than input of freshwater from lands. Phosphate seemed to become a limiting nutrient for the primary production at all area of Shiahae in winter and at the northern parts in other seasons. However, dissolved inorganic nitrogen seemed to do it at the southern parts in other seasons except winter. Silicate didn`t become a limiting nutrient for diatoms in Shiahae. Phytoplankton biomass as measured by chlorophyll a concentration was very high all the year round, it was controlled by the combination of the several environmental factors, especially of nitrogen, phosphorus and the physical factors such as light intensity.[Spatio-temporal distribution, Seasonal fluctuation, Nnutrients, Chlorophyll α, Environmental factors, Nutrient source, Limiting Nutrient, Light, Shiahae].

득량만 식물프랑크톤 군집의 시 공간적 분포특성

윤양호(Yang Ho Yoon) 한국환경생물학회 1999 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.17 No.4

The observations on the spatio-temporal distribution and seasonal fluctuations of phytoplankton community were carried out in Deukryang Bay of the Korean Southwestern Sea from June 1992 to April 1993. A total of 75 species of phytoplankton belonged to 47 genera was identified. In Deukryang Bay seasonal succession in dominant species; P. alata, G. flaccida, S. costatum, L. danicus and N. longissima in summer, St. palmeriana, Ch. curvisetus and B. paxillifera in autunm, S. costatum, Ch. curvisetus, E. zodiacus and Pn. pungens in winter, and As. glacialis, As. kariana, N. pelagica, Th. nitzschioides and S. costatum in spring, were very marked, that is to say, the communities structure of phytoplankton in Deukryang Bay appeared to be various species composition and it was occupied with diatoms all the year round. Phytoplankton standing crops fluctuated with an annual mean of 1.4×10 exp (5)cells/l between the lowest value of 2.6×10 exp (3)cells/l in July and the highest value of 1.0×10 exp (6)cells/l by S. costatum in January. Densities of the phytoplankton cell number by the samples of Deukryang Bay ranged from 2.6×10 exp (3)cells/l to 1.2×10 exp (5)cells/l with the mean value of 3.6×10 exp (4)cells/l in summer, from 6.0×10 exp (3)cells/l to 2.6×10 exp (5)cells/l with mean of 1.5×10 exp (5)cells/l in autumn, from 1.3×10 exp (4)cells/l to 1.0×10 exp (6)cells/l with mean 3.5×10 exp (5)cells/l in winter, and from 4.8×10 exp (3)cells/l to 6.0×10 exp (5)cells/l with mean of 1.6×10 exp (5)cells/l in autumn. That is to say, phytoplankton standing crops was large in low temperature seasons, on the other hand small in high temperature seasons. Chlorophyll α concentration fluctuated between 0.19㎍/l and 12.3㎍/l in March. In Deukryang Bay seasonal flucturation in chl-α concentration was not marked. Especially, chl-α concentration in the water around Deukryang Island located in the middle part of Deukryang Bay showed patchy distributions with a very high concentration. And chl-α concentration was high during a year. Therefore, phytoplankton production in Deukryang Bay could be very high year-round. [Deukryang Bay, Phytoplankton community, Spatio-temporal distribution, Standing crops, Dominant species, Diatoms, Skeletonema costatum, Chlorophyll a., Patchiness].

남해 중앙부 연안해역 식물플랑크톤 군집의 시 · 공간적 분포특성

윤양호(Yang Ho Yoon) 한국산학기술학회 2017 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.18 No.1

남해 중앙부 연안해역에서 식물플랑크톤 군집의 시 · 공간적 분포특성을 파악하기 위하여 2012년 7월부터 2013년 4월까지 20개 정점의 표층과 저층(Bottom + 1m)에서 계절별 조사를 실시하였다. 출현한 식물플랑크톤은 52속 87종으로 규조류가 62.1%, 식물성 편모조류가 37.9%로서 여름에 69종으로 높고, 봄과 가을에 42종으로 낮았다. 현존량은 봄 1.0 x 10³ cells · L<SUP>-1</SUP>에서 겨울에 4.51 x 10<SUP>5</SUP> cells · L<SUP>-1</SUP>의 범위로 연평균 7.9 x 10<SUP>4</SUP> cells · L<SUP>-1</SUP>로 낮았다. 최우점 및 차우점종은 여름 Chaetoceros curvisetus, Ch. debilis, 가을은 Eucampia zodiacus, 겨울은 E. zodiacus, Thalassiosira curviseriata 그리고 봄은 Skeletonema costatum –ls (like species), Leptocylindrus danicus었다. 우점종을 이용한 주성분분석에서 중심규조와 우상규조의 출현환경은 다른 것으로 나타났으며, 득점에 의한 해역구분은 전체적으로 남해중앙부에서는 서쪽해역인 여수해만 및 동산연안과 중앙부 개방해역이 서로 다른 환경특성을 나타내어, 남해 중앙부 연안해역은 섬진강에서 유출되는 담수 및 외해역에서 영향을 미치는 쓰시마난류, 중국대륙연안수 및 한국고유연안수에 의한 혼합수가 계절에 따라 세력을 달리하면서는 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단되었다. This paper described the spatio-temporal distributions in the phytoplankton community, such as species composition, standing crops, and dominant species, from July 2012 to April 2013 in the Coastal Waters of Central South Sea (CWoCSS) of Korea. A total of 87 species of phytoplankton belonging to 52 genera were identified. In particular, diatoms and phytoflagellates comprised more than 62.1% and 37.9% of the total species, respectively. The phytoplankton cell density fluctuated with an annual mean of 7.9 x 10⁴ cells · L<SUP>-1</SUP> between the lowest value of 1.0 x 10³ cells · L<SUP>-1</SUP> in spring and the highest value of 4.5 x 10<SUP>5</SUP> cells · L<SUP>-1</SUP> in winter. The seasonal succession of the dominant species were Chaetoceros curvisetus, Ch. debilis in summer, Eucampia zodiacus in autumn, E. zodiacus, Thalassiosira curviseriata in winter and Skeletonema costatum -ls (like species), Leptocylindrus danicus in spring. According to principal component analysis, the phytoplankton community of the CWoCSS was characterized by the mixing rate between the freshwater inflow from Somjin River and the seawater of the South Sea, Korea.

제주 바다목장 해역 식물플랑크톤 군집의 시·공간적 변동 특성

윤양호(Yoon, Yang Ho) 한국산학기술학회 2015 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.16 No.11

제주 바다목장 해역의 식물플랑크톤 군집의 시·공간적 분포특성을 파악하기 위해 8개 정점의 표층과 10m 수심에 서 2008년 4월부터 11월까지 4회 현장조사를 실시하였다. 식물플랑크톤 출현종은 63속 106종으로 다양하였다. 분류군별은 규조류가 61.3%, 와편모조류가 34.9%를 차지하였고, 시간적으로는 가을에 다양한 종이 출현하였다. 식물플랑크톤 현존량 은 여름 0.6 cells·mL⁻¹에서 봄 64.0 cells·mL⁻¹의 범위로 매우 낮았다. 평균 세포밀도에 의한 연변동은 연평균 최저 11월 0.9 cells·mL⁻¹에서 최고 4월 37.0 cells·mL⁻¹로 변화하여 연평균 11.7cells·mL⁻¹의 낮은 세포밀도를 나타내었다. 우점종은 4월에 Skeletonema costatum-like species(ls)에 의해 극우점되었다. 6월은 Torodinium teredo, Cylindrotheca closterium, Scrippsiella trochoidea, 9월은 S. costatum–ls, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, Ebria tripartita 그리고 11월은 Corethron pennatum, Dictyocha fibura, Neoceratium teres가 우점 출현하여, 기존 결과와는 다른 결과를 나타내었다. 생태지수 중에 종 다양성 지수는 4월과 9월에 낮고 6월과 11월에 높았다. 식물플랑크톤 군집으로 본 제주 바다목장 해역의 생물해양학적 특성은 연간 크기가 작은 나노플랑크톤에 의한 점유률이 높았고, 특정 종에 의해 극우점되는 외부 영양염류 유입보다는 생태내의 물질순환에 따른 재생산비율이 높은 것으로 판단되었다.

이른 봄 나로도 연안해역의 수질환경과 식물플랑크톤 군집의 출현특성

윤양호(Yang Ho YOON),한명일(Myong Il HAN) 전남대학교 수산과학연구소 2001 수산과학연구소논문집 Vol.10 No.-

Field survey on the distributional characteristics of water quality and phytoplankton community in the coastal waters of Naro Islands, southern Korea were carried out at the 38 stations in March 27,1993. We made an analysis on biological factor as chlorophyll a and phytoplankton community as well as water quality such as chemical oxygen demand(COD), seston weight(SW) and nutrients; ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, phosphate, N/P ratio, silicate and Si/P ratio. In the coastal waters of Naro Islands, the high productivity in photic layer were supported by nutrients from the circulation of meterials in Naro coastal waters. A total of 29 species of phytoplankton blonged to 24 genera was identified. Doninant species were 2 species of centric diatoms, Eucampia zodiacus, Thalassiosira sp. and 2 species of pennate, Asterionellopsis glacialis, Neodelphineis pelagica. The density of phytoplankton cell numbers fluctuated from 31.2 cells/㎖ to 304.0 cells/㎖. The results of principal component analysis(PCA); The source of nutrients supply depend on the mineralization of organic matters, and phytoplankton biomass was controlled by the combination of several environmental factors, especially of nitrogen and water movements. And Naro coastal waters separated with 3 regions by score of PCA. That is to say, Ⅰ regions was western parts of Naro Is. which was characterized by high activity of phytoplankton uptake, Ⅱ regions was the limited western parts of Oenaro Ⅰ. which was done the population of centric diatom, and Ⅲ regions was narrow straits which was done low activity of phytoplankton uptake because high water movement.

남북통일을 위한 문화예술운동의 새로운 방향모색

윤양호(Yoon, Yang-Ho) 국제고려학회 서울지회 2009 국제고려학회 서울지회 논문집 Vol.12 No.-

The transition of modern society has been processed more drastically than any other periods in the past. Keeping up with its fast speed, a lot of unexpected incidents or events are happening. Especially, the unification is of no exception. Along with the external environmental changes occurring around both Koreas, the inner situations also contain various variables. Many changes have been occurring in the area of cultural arts. Creative cultural industries have emerged as the core industries. As the cultural art has taken the credits for the motivation of creativity and flexibility, the exchange of cultural arts among different countries all over the world has been expedited along with the globalization and rapid development of technology related to the communication. Also, the digital system and information system have required the birth of new genre in art, and the convergence between diverse genres. Meanwhile, the demand for the cultural art has increased as the desire for the ‘relaxing life’ and leisure time have also increased tremendously. Such social trend for the arts may also contribute greatly to resolving the problems between North and South Korea. In case of Germany, they started to invest a lot in their exchange of cultural arts from 1960s. This effort led to some changes in East Germany and eventually to the reunification. It is certain that Germany and Korea are historically and culturally different, and hence the direct comparison between those two does not hold the strong feasibility. The characteristics of cultural arts, however, may indicate some common features shared by those two. Different political systems and economic policies of the North and the South have spread the difference in a variety of areas, from the daily lives to the behavioral manners, cultural norms, ways of thinking, and historical interpretations of the members. This kind of different cultural art has become a major obstacle to the unification process. In this perspective, one may argue that the broader understanding and exchange of the cultural art are required in modern society. In the long run, the exchange of cultural arts could become a fundamental project to prepare for the overall post-unification society by understanding the difference between North and South Korean societies and cultures. Since the North and South Korean unification process contains not only the external unification of the systems but also the inner or psychological unification as well, the exchange of cultural art will contribute significantly to the understanding of different systems and cultures, along with the expansion of the coexistence of national culture. In 1970s, Germany introduced a new art policy, which also supported the Kassel Documenta and Cologne Art Fair. While recuperating from the wound of the war, West Germany began to paint a big picture called unification, and decided to utilize the artistic characteristics to change the ways of understanding. Cassel, a small city in mid Germany, sponsored the art conference in every five years, where artist with novel ideas from all over the world gathered to discuss the arts, cultures, politics, and economics as well as to change the perspectives of Germans. Such art policy had tremendous impact on the change of German society. Also, the Art Fair that contributed to the commercialization of art works delivered the message of temptation to the artists in East Germany. This Art Fair had brought subtle changes to the perspectives of those artists in East Germany. With their efforts, East Germany could eventually experience some new movements, starting from small ripples to waves, and to the unification at the end. The artistic movement for the unification may seem to be less likely to have tremendous impact. Without such artistic effort, however, the unification cannot be fully completed as in Germany’s case.

다변량해석에 의한 여수연안해역 식물플랑크톤 군집의 변동특성

윤양호 ( Yang Ho Yoon ) 한국물환경학회 1992 한국물환경학회지 Vol.8 No.3

Detailed analysis on the relationship between environmental conditions and phytoplankton growth was carried out the Kamak Bay, Southern Korea from January to November in 1991. Physico-chemical factors (temperature, salinity, sigma-t, dissolved inorganic nutrients such as ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and silicate, N/P ratio) were collected 3 times a week as well as biological factors (chlorophyll a, phytoplankton species composition and cell number). The principal component analysis(PCA) proved that high density of phytoplankton biomass occurred under the condition of high temperature(=low salinity) and high concentration of dissolved inorganic nutrients. As the results of multiple regression analysis(MRA) of biological factors on physico-chemical factors as explanatory variable, phytoplankton growth was found to be controlled by some specific factor such as DIN (dissolved inorganic Nitrogen, but dinoflafellates(=phytoflageilates) growth by DIP (dissolved inorganic phosphorus) in warm seasons.