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      • 인터널 노드 변환을 최소화시킨 저전력 플립플롭 회로

        최형규,윤수연,김수연,송민규,Hyung-gyu Choi,Su-yeon Yun,Soo-youn Kim,Min-kyu Song 반도체공학회 2023 반도체공학회 논문지 Vol.1 No.1

        This paper presents a low-power flip-flop(FF) circuit that minimizes the transition of internal nodes by using a dual change-sensing method. The proposed dual change-sensing FF(DCSFF) shows the lowest dynamic power consumption among conventional FFs, when there is no input data transition. From the measured results with 65nm CMOS process, the power consumption has been reduced by 98% and 32%, when the data activity is 0% and 100%, respectively, compared to conventional transmission gate FF(TGFF). Further, compared to change-sensing FF(CSFF), the power consumption of proposed DCSFF is smaller by 30%. 본 논문에서는 dual change-sensing 기법을 사용하여 내부 노드 변환을 최소화시킨 저전력 플립플롭 회로를 제안한다. 제안하는 Dual Change-Sensing Flip-Flop(DCSFF)은 데이터 변환이 존재하지 않는 경우, 기존에 존재하던 플립플롭들 중 동적 전력 소모가 가장 낮다. 65nm CMOS 공정을 사용한 측정 결과에 따르면, conventional Transmission Gate Flip-Flop(TGFF)와 비교하여 data activity 가 0% 와 100% 일때, 각각 98%와 32%의 감소된 전력 소모를 보였다. 또한 Change-Sensing Flip-lop(CSFF)과 비교하여 제안하는 DCSFF 는 30% 의 낮은 전력 소모를 보였다.

      • KCI등재

        미생물 성장 저해 조건에 따른 호흡률 변화 특성

        김성필 ( Sung Pil Kim ),윤수연 ( Su Yeon Yun ),김연권 ( Youn Kwon Kim ) 한국수처리학회 2017 한국수처리학회지 Vol.25 No.5

        The supply of sewage treatment facility in rural areas is important to protect the quality of water sources such as rivers and lakes. A small scale wastewater treatment system had a wide range of inflow concentration. Therefore, it is important to accurately identify the characteristics of the influent and respond properly to operate the system stably. Hence, research has been conducted on methods to detect and respond in advance to the influent sewage. The method includes studying of microbial respiration rate. In this study, we analyzed the respiration rate of activated sludge in the condition that the microorganism became autocatalytically oxidized under an empty load condition, and the sewage containing the toxic substance(NaOCl) was the biggest problem of the distributed small-scale sewage treatment plant(D-SSTP). Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR), Specific Oxygen Utilization Rate (SOUR<sub>Endo.</sub>), and Specific Substrate Utilization Rate (SSUR) were measured and analyzed. As a result, The concentration of DO did not affect the autocatalytic oxidation of microorganism. Moreover, as concentration of NaOCl increased, concentration of SOUR<sub>Endo</sub> tends to decrease as expected. Also, the increase in concentration of NaOCl resulted in the decrease in that of the SSUR. It is determined that NaOCl injection affects the microbial activity.

      • KCI등재

        침전 가속화제로서 열처리 탈수 케익을 이용한 하수처리장 미생물의 침강성 개선 평가

        김연권 ( Youn Kwon Kim ),윤수연 ( Su Yeon Yun ),김성필 ( Sung Pil Kim ) 한국수처리학회 2017 한국수처리학회지 Vol.25 No.5

        It has been considered that a lot of informations for a affecting parameters and operating techniques are required to meet the water quality standards of effluent from sewage treatment plants (STPs). As a technical diagnosis point of view, the condition and performance of the clarifier is one of an important parameters directly affecting the water quality of effluent in STPs. The solid-liquid separation capability in clarifier is strongly dependent on the microbial settleability. As a result, the performance in STPs where microbial settleability reductions may cause deteriorates in the solid-liquid separation capability at the clarifier, and gradually deteriorates the water quality of effluent. This study was conducted to increase and stabilize the microbial settleability within a short period of time by dosing the thermal-treated sludge cake (TSC) as sedimentation accelerating additives when the microbial settleability deteriorates in STPs. All the results with the TSC were compared with magnetite samples as weighted coagulation Additives (WCA). The settling velocity of sludge formed with the TSC is almost 2 times faster than that of control sample. In the result, the TSC was proved to be the promising material for efficient sedimentation accelerating additives (SAA), because it led to similar sedimentation than other WCA.

      • KCI등재

        양극산화와 절연파괴로 형성한 Ti-6Al-7Nb 합금의 산화피막 특성 평가

        윤수연,이호진,배태성,송광엽 大韓齒科器材學會 2003 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.30 No.3

        This study was performed to investigate the surface properties of electrochemically oxidized Ti-6Al-7Nb by anodic spark deposition technique. Discs of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-lNb of 20 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness were polished sequentially from #300 to #1,000 emery paper. They were ultrasonically washed in ethyl alcohol and acetone for 5 min and dried in a desiccator. Ti-6Al-7Nb was anodized in an electrolytic solution that was dissolved calcium and phosphate in water. The electrolytic voltage was set in the range of 170-320 V and the current density was 30 mA/cm^2. The surface oxide film was characterized by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). The results obtained were summarized as follows; The main crystal structure of the titanium oxide was anatase type as analyzed with thin-film X-ray diffractometery. The coatings were porous with Pore diameter of 1~4 ㎛. The diameter of micropores increased with increasing the spark forming voltage. The porous coatings showed the growth of cell structure and more compact texture with increasing the voltage. Ca/P ratio in coatings was increased with increasing the voltage.

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