산업재해보상보험제도의 헌법적 연구: 업무상 재해를 중심으로

우태식 ( Tae Sik Woo ) 한국행정사학회 2012 韓國行政史學誌 Vol.31 No.-

도시재생 발전에 따른 행정법제 변천에 관한 연구

우태식 ( Woo Tae Sik ) 한국행정사학회 2018 韓國行政史學誌 Vol.44 No.-

시대에 따라 도시재생의 변화와 행정법제 변천을 고찰하고자 한다. 도시의 쇠퇴문제는 규모와 지역을 가리지 않는다. 도시쇠락의 요인은 노후불량 주택의 증대, 주택 공급 부족, 노인 등 사회적 소외계층 증가와 인구감소 및 전출 등이 직접적 요인이며, 대도시로의 인구흡수 및 일자리가 없어지고 산업기반 감소 등이 간접적 요인이다. 이렇게 물적ㆍ인적 기반이 취약한 지방 중소도시에서 상대적으로 심각하게 나타나고 도시와 지역 간 격차를 심화시키는 요인이 되고 있다. 그렇기 때문에 도시의 정체성 및 역사성을 바탕으로 도시재생사업을 추진할 필요성이 있게 되었다. 또한 도시재생과 그 근거 법률들의 변천사를 고찰하여 변화과정을 살피고 어떻게 적용해야 되는지를 고찰할 필요성이 있다. 경제개혁과 마찬가지로 도시재생 또한 시간적인 문제가 깊은 관련이 있다. 그에 따라 도시재생사업도 변천되어 진다고 볼 수 있다. 시대의 변화에 따라 구조개혁을 둘러싼 다른 정책과 연관된 정책 및 법제화로 권리침해에 대한 권리보장이 되어야 한다. 그렇기 때문에 시대상황에 맞는 법률의 근거에 의해 도시재생사업이 시행되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 시대 변화에 맞는 행정법제들에 대해 기술하면서, 특히 강조하고 있는 ‘도시재생활성화 및 지원에 관한 특별법’과 각 개별법(행정법) 등의 변천에 따라 행정법제 적용에 있어 도시재생사업들의 발전방향과 적용에 대해 살펴본다. The purpose of this study is to examine the changes of urban regeneration and the transition of administrative law according to the changing times. The problem of urban decline does not depend on size and area. The direct cause of urban decline is the increase of old housing, the shortage of new housing supply, the increase of social weak such as elderly people, the decrease of population, and the outflow of population etc. Indirect factors is the absorption of nearby metropolitan areas, declining jobs, and weakening industrial bases etc. As a result, these factors are more serious in small and medium sized cities with relatively weak physical and human resources base, and they are contributing to deepening the gap between cities and regions. Therefore, there is a need to promote urban renewal projects considering the identity and historical characteristics of the city. There is also a need to examine the changes in urban regeneration and its related laws, and to look at the process of change and how to apply it. The necessity of urban regeneration is not necessary because cities are declining at a faster rate than rural areas. This is a problem that arises because the city becomes a landholder of the national economy and the national society face a turning point. Thus, just as economic structural reforms, urban regeneration is also directly related to temporal problems. and it can be seen to constrained by urban regeneration. In accordance to the changes of the times, the right to infringement of rights should be guaranteed by policies and legislation related to other policies surrounding structural reform. Therefore, the urban regeneration project should be carried out on the ground of the law appropriate to the times. In this study, it will be described administrative law systems that are adapted to the changing times. In particular, this study will examine the development directions and applications of urban regeneration projects in the application of administrative law system according to the changes in the "Special law about Urban Regeneration and Support", and Individual laws(Administrative law).

자원봉사 공공행정 교육프로그램의 만족도 분석에 관한 연구

우태식(Woo, Tae Sik) 한국사법행정학회 2016 사법행정 Vol.57 No.2

이 연구는 자원봉사 교육과 자원봉사활동, 자원봉사센터 이용도와의 연관성을 분석하여 효율적인 자원봉사 교육프로그램 구축 방안에 대해 논해 보고자 한다. 연구를 위해 동해시에서 활동하는 자원봉사자 312명을 대상으로 설문조사를 하였다. 교육프로그램 수강여부, 봉사프로그램 참여 여부에 따라 자원봉사 교육프로그램에 따른 만족도에 관해 분석해 보았다. 자료를 분석해 본 결과, 프로그램의 수강여부, 참여여부 등에 따라 자원봉사 공공행정프로그램의 만족도 분석을 하였다. 이 연구의 주요 내용을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자원봉사 참여 동기는 가족, 친구 등 주변의 권유가 많았다. 자원봉사의 지속성과 희망여부는 높게 나왔다. 대체로 봉사활동을 계속하고 싶다고 하였고, 봉사활동의 유익한 점은 갈등구조 해소를 위한 지역 사회 통합이었다. 자원봉사 희망분야는 사회복지분야가 가장 높게 나왔다. 둘째, 자원봉사센터 교육관련 지속적인 홍보, 수강생이 흥미를 끌 수 있는 다양한 교육프로그램교육은 공공행정지원 자원봉사센터를 중심으로 교육 하는 것을 희망하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 자원봉사센터 프로그램 이용현황은 자원봉사프로그램의 다양한 개발과 홍보, 명료하게 프로그램 진행, 온라인 시스템의 보다 쉽게 개편, 소식지 우편송부 등 접근성의 폭을 넓혔으면 하는 것으로 나타났다. 공공행정지원 자원봉사는 셋째 자원봉사 이용현황을 희망하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 공공행정지원 자원봉사프로그램은 창의적이고 유연한 방법으로 진행되어야 한다. 내용과 방법은 상황의 특수성과 자원봉사자 혹은 대상자의 독특한 욕구에 따라 다양한 유형으로 개발되어야 한다. 특히 봉사프로그램과 관련된 행정기관은 기본원칙, 목표, 교육환경, 비용, 강사 등에 관한 사항들을 고려하여야 한다. 이와 같은 결과는 보다 체계적인 교육훈련을 통해 자원봉사자들의 자질향상을 도모함으로써 자원봉사활성화에 이바지 하고, 공공행정지원체계가 법제화 되고 정책 수립에 영향을 줄 것이다. This study purpose is to analyze the correlation among education, activity and center’s availability of volunteer work, and seek effective establishment measure of education program on volunteer work. For conducting this study, there was done a survey with 312 volunteers working at Donghae-si. By the analysis on satisfaction of volunteer education program according to the registration and attendance, there was difference and had an effect on satisfaction and necessity of this program by whether or not to take a education program and attend. In summarizing up the major research results of this study as follows. First, there were a lot of recommendations of family or friends etc. and was high desire for persistence of volunteer work. Volunteers generally wished to continue volunteer work, and merit of volunteer work was conflict resolution, and social welfare part was at this highest as hoped-for part of volunteer work. Second, they wanted continuous public relations related to the volunteer center’s education and various education program attracting attendees, and education at volunteer center. Third, they wished to broaden and deepen accessibility in ① various development and PR of volunteer program ② a clear progress of program ③ an easier reconstruction of on-line system ④ sending newsletters by mail, etc. in current status of volunteer center’s program. Fourth volunteer program should work in a creative and flexible way. Contents and method should be developed in a variety of types depending on unique situations and special needs of volunteers. Especially there were considered details concerning the fundamental principles, goals, educational environment costs, instructors etc. of institutions related to the volunteer program. These results support framework legislation than the public administration in oeder to contribute to the activation volunteering by promoting lipid improvement through systematic training of volunteers and should take the policy.

자원봉사활동의 유래를 통한 행정체계의 발전방향에 대한 고찰

우태식 ( Tae Sik Woo ),김창래 ( Chang Lae Kim ) 한국행정사학회 2015 韓國行政史學誌 Vol.37 No.-

인류 역사를 통해 볼 때 자원봉사는 자기희생, 헌신과 봉사, 자선, 상부상조, 박애주의, 인도주의, 민주주의 등 철학적, 종교적, 도덕적 배경에서 출발하였다. 우리나라 자원봉사는 상부상조를 목적으로 하는‘계 조직’이 삼한시대에 성행하였다. 이는 순수한 주민협동체 조직으로 취미나 그 밖의 생활의 공통된 분야에서 공동으로 회유, 제례 또는 회식 같은 행사를 통해 이해관계를 같이 해왔다. 이런 계 조직은 신라시대에 이르러 다양한 형태로 발전되어 오늘날까지 유사한 형태로 전달되어지고 있다. 신라시대에는 계 이외에도 두레라고 하는 촌락단위로 조직된 농촌사회의 상호협력, 감찰을 목적으로 하는 주민 협동체가 있었다. 고구려 시대의 세민구호책인 진대법, 고려의 의창·제위보·혜민국제, 조선의 상평창·사창 및 향약은 영국의 구빈법보다 훨씬 앞서는 제도로서 사회연대 책임 하에 실시된 사회복지적 측면이라 할 수 있다. 현대적 의미의 자원봉사활동이 실시되기 시작한 것은 1903년 YMCA창립을 시작으로 해서 1921년태화기독교사회관에서 여성계몽과 어린이 건강을 위한 봉사활동이 전개되면서 부터이다. 그러나 이 시기에는 기독교의 전파에 따라 기독교사상, 민주주의 철학 등이 유입되면서 교회 및 관련단체의 자선적, 박애적 성격을 띠는 초보적 형태의 자원봉사활동이 시작되었다고 볼 수 있다. 자원봉사활동에 대한 관심이 본격적으로 높아지기 시작한 것은 1980년대에 들어서면서 부터이다. 이것은 경제수준의 향상, 국민의식의 증대, 가족구조의 변화 등 사회·경제적 변화가 크게 작용하였기 때문이다. 1984년 한국여성개발원에 의하여 자원봉사인력은행이 설치되고, 1985년에는 올림픽조직위원회에 의하여 자원봉사단이 구성됨으로써 보다 조직적으로 자원봉사활동이 전개 되었다. 특히 ``86아시안게임과 ``88올림픽에 있어서 거국적인 자원봉사자활용은 전국적으로 자원봉사를 인식시키고 확산시키는데 크게 기여하였다. 서양에서는 기록에 의하면 4,300여 년 전 이집트인들의 무덤에 자선행위가 기록되어 있고, 그리스시대에는 개인의 고통을 덜어주는 일보다 사회문제의 답을 사회개혁에서 찾으려 했다. 그리하여 모두에게 혜택이 돌아가는 박애주의(Philanthropy)가 발달하게 되었다. 전통적 자원봉사활동에서부터 현대적 자원봉사활동에 이르기까지의 전반적인 활동을 토대로 우리나라의 자원봉사활동과 제 외국의 역사적 전개과정과 지원체계 그리고 제도를 비교 고찰한 것은 자원봉사 발전에 어떠한 의미와 가치를 부여하는지에 대한 행정상 체계방안과 행정법상 제도를 마련하고, 더 나아가 자원봉사활동의 활성화에 기여하는가에 의의가 있다할 것이다. Volunteer work began with philosophical, religious, moral background of self-sacrifice, dedication and service, charity, mutual aid, philanthropy, humanitarianism, democracy, etc. seen from human history. In Korean voluntary work, gye for the purpose of mutual aid flourished in the time of the Three Han State, and this had have common interest through events such as get-together, ancestral ritual formalities or congregate dining jointly in the common fields of interest or other living standards as the pure resident community. This gye had been developed in various forms by the Sinra ear and has being come in similar form up to this day. There was dure other than gye in the period of Sinra, dure was the farmers`` cooperative group composed of village unit for mutual aid, inspection of rural community and relief measure of the poor, jindaebeob of Goguryeo era, uichang·jewibo·hyemingugje of Goryeo era, sangpeongchang·sachang·hyangyak of Joseon dynasty was the system exceeding poor law of England and could be seen as efforts for social welfare taken under the responsibility of social solidarity. Beginning to conduct volunteer activities in the modern meaning was from developing volunteer work for women`` enlightenments and children`` health at Taehwa Christianity Society Complex, 1921, starting the foundation of YMCA, 1903.However in this period, there could appear to be begun volunteer activities of rudimentary forms with charitable, philanthropic character of church and relevant groups by the introduction of Christian ideas, philosophy of democracy, etc. according to propagation of Christianity. That interest on volunteer work was rising in earnest came into the 1980s. This is because social·economical changes such as improvement of the economic levels, increase of national consciousness, change of family structure, etc. are a big factor, Korean Women’s Development Institute established the volunteer manpower bank in 1984, and volunteer activities developed more systematically by consisting of volunteers in 1985 by the Olympic organized committee. Especially in ``86 Asian Game and ``88 Olympic, a nationwide use of volunteer largely contributed to recognize and spread volunteer work all over the country. According to the record, an act of charity was recorded on Egyptian tomb 4,300 years ago, and in the time of the Greeks, they tried to find the answer of social problem in social reform rather than in relief of the individual pain and Philanthropy providing benefits to all was developed. In England, Charity organization society established in 1869 pursued an effective adjustment between welfare business and institute, and avoided the overlap and competition of relief administration and was to develop the organization and technique. Settlement House Movement started about 15 years later than the charity organization society in order to deal with the same social problem at that time, but viewpoint approaching the problems was much different. Settlement House movement was that the environmental factor based on liberalism and radicalism idea in those days was the source of the very social problem. Approach to the problem emphasized not modification of the poor but social reformative side having to change existing order. This tried to find the realizable effective solutions in a concrete way in a pragmatic stance. This was just the first social group work. In America, the charity organization society started a charity at Buffalo, New York in 1877, and Hull house was also built at Chicago in 1889. Everyone that worked at Hull house was housed and lived in settlement house. In Japan, Osaka volunteering association built in 1965 was concentrating on education and training as the first private volunteering association. This was the model of voluntary school in Japan. Welfare ministry began to make welfare volunteer village from 1985, and social welfare council installed the volunteer center throughout the country. Volunteer activity began to be vitalized nationally in school education such as forming the nationwide volunteer study leader contact council becoming the focal point for teachers, etc. People living in the 21th century were living in the direct effect of the fast-changing social structures and economical circumstances. In the rapidly changing society, every member tries to keep up the pace of change, for which struggles to maintain physical·economical·psychological stability. Notwithstanding all sorts of social welfare policies being pushed by government, there still exist those suffering from physical, psychological isolation in people who are neglected in society. These can find the case of neglect in the visible or invisible presence on the ground of budget deficits. The very volunteer is the way that can support the area beyond hand of government or local government like this. In addition, because volunteers are unpaid human resources with spontaneity and want to extend help to others or members of the society, they can promote ideal community development and local change. The member in society can have the meaning to drive voluntarily efforts to convert a person who cannot enjoy the social welfare benefits to the state of enjoying the social welfare benefits. Therefore volunteer activities can be playing pivotal role in forming democratic welfare society based on the sound civic spirit. The history of volunteer work in our country is relatively short compared to other advanced countries such as England or America, etc. Of course in case of the four ceremonial occasions of coming of age, wedding, funeral, and ancestral rites or work of farming season with a rural village as a unit, there exists the tradition such as dure, exchange of labor, gye, hyangyak, etc. in the form of reciprocity to help one another among the village people, however because these traditions have strongly the concept of risk-reduction by collective effort in aspects of economic compensation to help one another by working for one another and preparation for emergency of disaster, etc. rather than are grounded on volunteer spirit, they are not volunteer work in the original meaning. Thus, based on the overall activity from traditional volunteer activities up to modern volunteer activities, considering the historical development of volunteer activities in our country prepares the administrative system and the system under administration law in regard to granting the meaning and value to the development of volunteer work, and furthermore has a significance in contributing to development of volunteer work.