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- 저자 : 오칠환 ( Kwang Hoi Hur (검색결과 1 건)
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허광회,김희옥,박시룡,오칠환 ( Kwang Hoi Hur,Hee Ok Kim,See Ryong Park,Chil Hwan Oh ) 대한피부과학회 1996 대한피부과학회지 Vol.34 No.3
최근 과학의 발전으로 각종 신소재 물질이 개발되고 직업도 다양화함에 따라 각종 직업병이 문제되고 있으며, 이중 직업성 피부병에 의한 경제적 손실이 직업병 중 가장 큰 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히 금속작업자에서 발생되는 직업성 피부병은 비교적 발생빈도가 높은 것으로 알려져 있으나 이에 대한 연구는 미진한 실정이고, 국내에서도 아직 보고된 바 없다. 금속작업자가 금속을 가공시 각종 금속작업유(metal working fluid)가 사용되며 이들 금속작업유는 공구와 피가공물 사이에서 냉각작용과 윤활작용을 통해 가공물의 변형을 막고 공구의 마모를 방지하는 역할을 한다. 과거에는 이런 작용을 위해 물이나 기름만을 사용했으나 점차 여러 성분들이 첨가되고 합성화됨에 따라 다양한 금속작업유 제품들이 등장했다. 금속작업유에는 비수용성 금속작업유(neat 또는 insoluble oil), 수용성 금속작업유(conventional soluble oil), 반합성 금속작업유(semi-synthetic fluid), 합성 금속작업유(synthetic fluid) 등이 있는데 비수용성 금속작업유를 제외한 3가지 금속작업유를 수용성 금속작업유(water-based cutting fluid, WBF)라 하며 이들의 성분을 표1에 요약하였다. 수용성 금속작업유에는 비수용성 금속작업유와 달리 물, 유화제, 살균제 등의 성분이 포함되어 있다. 저자들은 금속작업자에서 직업성 피부병에 대한 역학적 조사와 함께 금속작업유와 관련된 피부병의 유병률을 알아보기 위하여 국내 최초로 본 연구를 시도하였다. Background:Occupational skin disease is one of the most prevalent occupational health problems, resulting in long period of discomfort and loss of earning. The size of the problem is probably underestimated and no exact datas are available about the prevalence of skin problems in metal workers(MWs) exposed to metal working fluid(MWF). Objective:This study was done to determine the prevalence of skin abnormalities in relation to exposure to MWF. Materials & Methods:An epidemiological study was performed using questionnaire in 771 workers in 9 departments of motor company. A questionnaire was designed to ascertain information about working procedures, the way of handling MWF, degreasers and soap, the extent and duration of individual exposure, and any history of dermatoses. 278 workers out of 771 workers are actually contacted with MWF. A selection was made on 315 metal workers who have experienced past or present dermatitis in questionnaire. A detailed history from each workers via interview with 315 workers about past or present occupational exposure, dermatoses, atopy and injury preceded a dermatological examination by dermatologist. Patch test: Patch tests were performed in 73 metal workers who were suspected dermatitis in relation to exposure of MWF during interviews and dermatologic examination. Patch tests were included with a routine series and common components of MWF(material obtained from chemotechnique, sweden) and solvent seried. Workers were also tested with the various crude metalworking fluids(8 species. The concentrations of crude MWFs were determined after testing the various dilutions of MWF. Results: 1. Out of 278 metalworkers who exposed to MWF, dermatitis was detected in 106 metalworkers(38%). Primary irritant dermatitis was established in 92 persons(33% of 278 metalworkers) and allergic contact dermatitis in 14 persons(5% of 278 metalworkers). 2. Workers with exposure to soluble oil showed primary irritant contact dermatitis significantly more often than workers exposed with neat oil(p<0.05). 3. Workers with frequent of variable exposure to soluble oil showed primary irritant dermatitis significantly more often than did workers with infrequent exposure(p<0.05). 4. The occurrence of primary irritant dermatitis showed a tendency towards a higher incidence of primary irritant dermatitis relation to duration of work.(p<0.05, X2-test for linear trend) 5. Primary irritant dermatitis was significantly more often present in atopics than in nonatopics(p<0.05). 6. The severity of primary irritant dermatitis was not significantly influenced by the type of MWF or the extent of exposure 7. Exposure to soluble oils lead more often to the occurrence of chronic paronychia than exposure to neat oil(p<0.05). 8. The occurrence of acne & folliculitis was more often in metal workers exposed to neat oil than soluble oil. Conclusion:The results showed that primary irritant dermatitis was the most common skin disorder of workers handling MWF and the prevalence of primary irritant dermatitis had a correlation with the types of MWF, the frequency and the duration of exposure to MWF and atopy history of each workers. Although the prevalence was low, other occupational skin problems-chronic paronychia, oil acne, folliculitis-were showed. Oil acne and folliculitis chiefly developed in workers handling insoluble-MWF and chronic paronychia chiefly developed in workers handling soluble-MWF.
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