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박상주(Park Sang Joo),양승돈(Yang Seung Don) 경찰대학 경찰학연구편집위원회 2009 경찰학연구 Vol.9 No.2
This is an exploratory study analyzing homeless people’s experience of police encounters and their perception of police. It is examined that how often and for what the homeless contact with police officers, how they evaluate the police officers with whom they contacted previously, and what attitudes they have for the police in general. Results of case studies and empirical survey analysis show that the homeless frequently contact with police, mainly for stop and frisk and law enforcement by police officers. In those processes, in the viewpoint of the homeless, police seems to be overly inclined to ‘control’ than ‘care’. The homeless are inclined to negatively evaluate the policemen with whom they contacted previously. For the homeless, their overall level of trust in police is rather low while their willingness to contact with police is rather high. Additionally, the homeless' evaluation of police at individual-concrete level is directly linked to that of general-abstract level. Thus, the more negative is their experience with police encounters, the lower is their willingness to contact the police. Based on the above findings, some policy orientations are suggested for facilitating more positive interaction and mutual trust between the homeless and police. For example, police should respect the homeless as individuals, not violate their freedom and rights, not discriminate them from general citizen, and not abuse police power. In the case when policemen stop and frisk the homeless, they should strictly obey the relevant provision of Policemen's Job Implementation Law. It is recommended that police organizations create a kind of manual or guidelines for contacting the homeless. Furthermore, police should participate in multi-agency partnerships for helping the homeless.
백내장 마우스의 유전적 연쇄지역 D14Mit86의 physical map과 candidate 유전자 탐색
김은민(Eunmin Kim),이상달(Sang Dal Rhee),이형남(Hyoungnam Lee),양승돈(Sung-Don Yang),Masaaki Okumoto,송창우(Chang-Woo Song),김성주(Sung-joo Kim) 한국실험동물학회 2004 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2004 No.-
백내장 모델 동물인 CXSD 마우스는 백내장이 상염색체 열성으로 유전되는 모델 마우스로써, 5 주령부터 백내장의 첫 증상이 나타나기 시작하며 10 주령까지 모든 마우스에서 백내장이 유발되는 완전 침투도를 나타낸다. CXSD 마우스의 원인 유전자인 lens rupture 2 (Ir2)를 positional cloning를 통하여 탐색하고자 D14Mit86 부위의 마우스 genomic DNA를 insen로 가지고 있는 BAC 클론들과 YAC 클론들의 Sequence Tagged Site (STS) content를 결정하여 physical map을 작성하였다. 유전자 표식자인 D14Mit86 지역을 기준으로 physical map을 작성한 결과 40중의 BAC 결론과 4종의 YAC 클론으로 29종의 STS의 순서를 결정하였으며, 이 STS map은 5종의 유전자 표식자, 18종의 clone-end markers, 6종의 gene specific EST markers로 구성되어 있다. 본 논문의 physical map에 mapping 된 유전자는 총 6종으로써, Adam 7, Decysin, Adam28, Sic, Nkx3-1과 LAP70이며, 마우스와 인간 사이에 존재하는 homology에 의해 탐색된 유전자들이다. 이 유전자들 중 Adam 7, Decysin, Adam28은 그 위치에 의거하여 Ir2 환인 유전자로서의 가능성이 있다. A recessive cataractous mouse, CXSD, showed the first clinical symptom of cataract at 5 weeks old and the penetrance was complete. Toward the identification of lens rupture 2 (Ir2)gene causing cataract by positional cloning, we constructed an sequence tagged site (STS)-content map of the region around D14Mit86 that was shown to be linked to Ir2 genetically. We determined the physical order of 29 STSs that were dispersed among 4 YAC clones and 40 BAC clones. The markers included 5 genetic, 18 clone-end, 6 gene specific EST markers. The genes include Adam 7, Decysin, Adam28, Sic, Nkx3-1 and LAP70 and Nkx3-1 was known to map to the human chromosome 8p21. Therefore, this map represents the part of mouse genome synteny to that of the human genome. The current map would provide groundwork for identification of Ir2 gene.