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Vernalization Regulates Flowering Genes and Modulates Glucosinolates Biosynthesis in Chinese Cabbage
Kang Hajeong,앗지 바스코로,Park Minkyu,Kim Jin A.,Lee Sang Woo,Moon Heewon,Choi Dasom,Kim Sujeong,Kim Dong-Hwan 한국식물학회 2022 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.65 No.2
Long-term cold exposure, such as that in winter, termed vernalization, provides flowering competence in many winter-annual, biennial, and perennial plants, including Brassicaceae family plants. Vernalization results in significant phenotypic and physiological changes, including floral transition in plants, which are accompanied by transcriptomic changes. To date, studies attempting to determine the molecular processes underpinning vernalization responses, especially flowering, have mainly focused on model Arabidopsis thaliana plants. To better understand the vernalization response in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis), we investigated transcriptomic changes occurring during vernalization. We found that thousands of genes were dynamically modulated by both short-term (cold acclimation) and long-term cold (vernalization) exposure, compared with non-vernalized samples. Further, 15 hierarchical clusters of differentially expressed genes were identified based on their distinct expression patterns. A gene ontology analysis using upregulated and downregulated genes during the vernalization time course revealed that metabolic and physiological changes also occur during vernalization. Particularly, we noticed that vernalization upregulated the transcription of glucosinolate (GSL) pathway genes and the levels of corresponding GSL compounds in Chinese cabbage. Overall, vernalization triggers dynamic transcriptomic alterations to not only genes related to floral transition but also genes involved in GSL metabolism in Chinese cabbage plants.
Lee Sang Woo,앗지 바스코로,Nugroho Dwi,김동환 한국원예학회 2024 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.65 No.1
Glucosinolates (GSLs) are secondary metabolites that are produced in Brassicale order plants and play an important role in their defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. In addition, GSLs were reported to possess health benefi ts like anti cancer and anti-infl ammation activity. In the present study, the GSL profi les of 13 radishes ( Raphanus sativus L) cultivars or inbred lines with diff erent root phenotypes were analyzed. A total of four aliphatics and three indolic GSL compounds were consistently detected from all tested radish accessions. Based on the amounts and profi les of the GSL compounds, we identifi ed that glucoraphasatin (GRH) and glucobrassicin (GBS) were the most abundant in the aliphatic and indolic GSLs, respectively, in young radishes. In addition, we performed a correlation heatmap analysis between the profi les of the individual GSL compounds and the GSL biosynthetic genes involved in the secondary modifi cations. We found that RsGRS1 plays a major role in the highest abundance of GRH in the aliphatic GSLs. Contrastingly, RsCYP81F3 and its paralogs, RsCYP81Fs might contribute to the profi les of the indolic GSLs in young radishes. In this study, we found that there was a substantial correlation between the transcription of the genes involved in the secondary modifi cation phase of the GSL biosynthetic pathway and the profi les of the aliphatic and indolic GSL compounds.