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한국 대학생의 정치의식과 능력주의가 통일인식에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
이수빈 ( Subin Lee ),안지빈 ( Jibin Ahn ),이세환 ( Saehwan Lee ),오세일 ( Seil Oh ) 연세대학교 통일연구원 2023 통일연구 Vol.27 No.1
The purpose of this study is to investigate university students’ perceptions of unification in the geopolitically complex Korean Peninsula. In contemporary Korean society, university students are more likely to be apathetic or hold negative perceptions of inter-Korean relations and unification of the Korean Peninsula due to the intensification of market-driven meritocracy, exclusive individualism, and political polarization. As such, exploratory research on university students’ political consciousness and perceptions of unification is both timely and crucial, as their attitudes will significantly impact the establishment of future inter-Korean relations and unification policies. In this study, we collected 307 survey responses from university students in Seoul in 2022, utilizing surveys that we designed. We conducted basic statistical analysis and multiple regression analysis on two conceptually distinct perceptions of unification: the need for unification and the support for unification, using items measuring meritocratic belief and various political consciousness elements such as political orientation, political efficacy (internal/external), and national efficacy (South Korea/Korean Peninsula). The results indicate that the stronger the conservative political orientation and meritocratic beliefs of university students, the more they opposed the need for unification and the lower their support for unification, whereas higher Korean Peninsula national efficacy tends to positively increase both perceptions of unification. The study also found significant gender interaction effects for political orientation and meritocratic belief on the perceptions of unification. These findings suggest the necessity for unification education that promotes ethnic awareness among university students and emphasizes the positive effects of inter-Korean cooperation.
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