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최삼욱(Sam-Wook Choi),방수영(Sooyoung Bhang),안준호(Joon-Ho Ahn) 한국중독정신의학회 2007 중독정신의학 Vol.11 No.2
Caffeine is the most widely used psychoactive substance. Caffeine has been considered occasionally as a drug of abuse, and the potential for dependence on caffeine has been debated. At this time, due to lack of clinical evidence on caffeine dependence, no such diagnosis included in the DSM-IV-TR. However, some population-based survey study showed that a substantial portion of caffeine users (9% or more) may fulfill DSM-IV criteria for substance dependence on caffeine. The authors reviewed available data on the mechanism of action on the central nervous system, the effects on the human performance, tolerance, withdrawal and dependence of caffeine. The classical drugs of abuse such as amphetamines and cocaine lead to dopamine release in the shell of the nucleus accumbens, the key structure for reward, motivation and addiction. However, caffeine doses that reflect the daily human consumption, do not induce a release of dopamine in the shell of the nucleus accumbens. In conclusion, further research is needed not only to replicate the positive findings of the previous studies on the caffeine dependence, but to explore the molecular basis of caffeine dependence and individual differences in the susceptibility to increased caffeine dependence bet-ween intervestibular nuclear activities after ULX by inhibition of vestibular nuclear complex through nhibitory Purkinje system.
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