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金守憲 慶北專門大學 (영주경상전문대학) 1979 慶北專門大學 論文集 Vol.2 No.-
The foundation of the history of the British political parties has been the origin of the history of world parties, and the history of the British political parties has been conflicting with the principles of conservatism and reformation. The eminent situation(phenomenon) of the British political parties was that they didn't believe the reformation and trdie to choose the way familiar to people. But especially it includes the characteristics different from the European socialism, In the affairmative aspect it affected the history of world political parties. We can compress many characteristics of the of the British political parties into the following. 1. The Characteristics of the British Socialism, In the small meaning of the British socialism, the socialism of the Labour Party is the moderate socialism based on the conservatism composing the essence of British thought. This Socialism, naturally, Persists the gradual reformaton rather than the radical change of the present political institution and social system, and in the result they believe that their socialistic goal can be achieved by the method of Parliamentary institution democracy. Conclusively, the thought of British socialism is to unfold the socialism just on the base of the principle of democracy and, if possible, the true socialism is considered to be unfolded on the traditional democracy. 2. The Two-Party System. The United Kingdom of Great Brilain is the cabinet responsible system and keeps the two-party politics, In this two-party system, the number of votes obained is not scattered, and either of two parties appears to be the major party clearly. The cause of the formation of the two party system is as follows. (1) The dual system of British religion was made to the two-party system, being restored politically. (2) A minor electorate district, It clearifies political struggle, and tends to make the voters simplify the choice of party. 3. The Central-Party Centered System. In England, the leadership and the political funds of a party have a deep relationship with its national network. Thus there would be two kinds of derivational characteristics in British parties. (1) The position of a party leader is considered as a great imporsance. (2) As the possibity of obtaining a seat in Parliament increases in direct proportion of the cooperation of party orgnization, the candidate's personal character is not thought much of, and only a party-centered political environment is made up. 4. The Class-clouring of Political Parties The reason why the British parties supporting democracy so eargely cannot cast off the evil spirit, the Classconsciousness, is that the party includes essentially a function of representing the profit of some groups of peoples, So the English Labour Party represents the profit of low-income people's profit. As the above, the political ideology of British party embraces the parliment democracy and the party politics, In this point of view, the political ideology of a nation cannot get out of the characteristic catalogue of the nation's tradition and history. In conclusion, it must be a lesson, throughout the English party history, that the best way to establish the pary politics would be tolerate and compromise.
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