Ecological studies on Vesicular-Arbusculr Mycorrhizae(VAM)at calcareous soil

고성덕, 이형헌 忠北大學校部設基礎科學硏究所 1991 自然科學硏究 Vol.5 No.1

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우척지 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi(AMF) 의 생물학적 특성에 관한 연구

고성덕 충북대학교 과학교육연구소 1999 과학교육연구논총 Vol.15 No.1

The symbiotic activities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) such as spore density, symbiosis intensity and vesicle density in rhizosphere soil and roots of higher plants such as Galamagrostis epigeios, Imperata cylindrica, Artemisia scoparia, Aster tripolium and Sonchus brachyotrus, 13 factors of physico-chemical properties of soil and 10 factors of nutrients which is uptaked by those plants were measured and then multiple correlation, ordination and analysis variance among those factors were executed. In response of soil properties of reclaimed lands to symbiotic activities of AMF, important soil factors influenced on spore densities were available phosphorus moisture, zinc potassium and pH in the order named, those influenced on symbiosis intensities were available phosphorus, moisture, sodium, pH and O.M. in the order named. Calamagrostics epigeios, Imperata cylindrica as glycophyte and Artemisia scoparia, Aster tripolium, Sonchus brachyotus as facultative halophyte not grow on sodium content gradient but water content gradient. Higher plants have a close relationship to rather spore density of AMF than symbiosis intensity or vesicle density of AMF. Above-ground phytomass and nutrient uptake of higher plants largely affected by spore density and symbiosis intensity but vesicle density. Also, spore density and symbiotic intensity among symbiotic activities of AMF is largely influenced by soil factors but vesicle density are influenced by the ability of higher plants.

석탄 폐광지의 식생과 관련된 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Spores 의 형태학적 연구

고성덕,김대재,지성훈 충북대학교 과학교육연구소 2000 과학교육연구논총 Vol.16 No.1

AMF spores were isolated from the rhizospheres of higher plants such as Artemisia princeps var. orientalis, Artemisia iwayomogi and Mischanthus sinensis and studies on spore-surface ornamentations and morphology of AMF spores as a determinant criteria in AMF identification performed and identified AMF spores at abandoned old coal-waste lands, where constructed in different years and obtained as follows. 1. Entire spore shapes of AMF isolated from the coal-waste soils are pyriform, globule. ovoid and clavate and clavate are more abundant than others. Pyriform type spores are identified as Sclerocystis spp. 2. 3 genera, 9 species of AMF spores are observed and most of these spores is Glomus spp. and Sclerocystis spp. 3. All of the spore-surface ornamentations at coal-waste soils are characterized by disk-shaped structures. polygon spines. reticulate structures, irregular crusts or clavate and smooth types. Especially, In few species of Sclerocystis found that disk-shaped. interesting, spore-surface ornamentations of AMF. These structures are interpreted that as spore-surface ornamentations specific to Sclerocystis spp. is not yet reported.

석회질 생태계의 토양의 물리 화학적 성질 식물의 생장특성 및 Vesicular - Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ( VAM ) 의 생태

고성덕 충북대학교 환경안전연구소 1994 環境科學技術 Vol.4 No.1

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Arbusculal Mycorrhizal Fungi(AMF)의 共生活性에 따른 高等植物의 營養素 吸收에 관한 硏究

고성덕 충북대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 과학교육연구논총 Vol.17 No.1

At the coastal reclaimed lands, responses of both glycophytes and facultative halophytes to symbiotic intensity as symbiotic activity of AMF are as below. According to increasing symbiotic intensity, higher plants possess two different patterns of nutrient absorption as the more absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and zinc by higher plants the less absorption of sodium by these plants was carried out. such trends showed more clear linear relation in the latters than in the formers. Also, absorption of magnesium by higher plants was increased, but trends of the stimulated absorption of magnesium make a no difference between glycophytes and facultative halophytes. On the one hand, it appears that absorption of potassium, calcium, manganese and copper by the higher plants is not affected the symbiotic activity of AMF. As the more absorption of nutrients by the higher plants was carried out the greater symbiotic intensity of AMF, it appears that symbiotic intensity of AMF appreciated as a measure of its symbiotic activity.

원자흡광법에 의한 서울 지역 고수부지 토양과 잡초중의 중금속함량에 관한 연구

高聖德,辛昌男 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1981 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.2

Heavy metals, because of their tendency to accumulate in biological system, can pose a health hazard to human. To investigate such a heavy metal, author executed this study of the quantitative analysis of zinc, copper and lead in river bed soil along with soil depthes and plants collected from the study sites. Results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. As the pH of the river bed soi1 increased, calcium content in its soil increased. 2. The content of available phosphorus of river bed soils at the Anyang River tended to decrease from the upper stream to the lower but that of the Chungrang River was irregular trend. 3. Zinc and copper seemed to accumulate in the soil surface within the range of 0 to 2 centimeters, but lead in the soil depth within the range of 0 to 10 centimeters. 4. Heavy metal contents of river bed soils at the Anyang River were higher than those of the Chungrang River. 5. The principle purposes of the present study were to examine Zn, Cu and Pb acc-cumulations in Rumex coreanus N. and Persicaria hydropiper L. were higher than those in Humex coreanus N. Zn content in Rumex coreanus showed the largest amount in leaf but that in Persicaria hydropiper the largest amount in stem. Cu and Pb contents of both in Rumex coreanus and Persicaria hydropiper showed equally the largest amounts in root but smallest amounts in stem.

Aspergillus Phoenicis K. U. 175의 Cellulase Activity를 높이기 위한 方案

高聖德,辛昌男 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1981 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.2

In a previous publication the authory reported several results on the most adequate cultural condition (temperature, pH, incubation period) for the cellulase production of A. phoenicis K.U.175. This study investigated the effect of various nitrients, such as nitrogen sources and rhamnose as a sole carbon source and different amounts of pyridoxine to increase the mycelial growth and the cellulase production of the fungus in Czapek's liquid medium. The concentration of crabon to nitrogen source in Czapek's liquid medium has influenced upon the mycelial growth and the cellulase (Avicelase, CM Caso and Salicinase) production of fungus. In case that the concentration of carbon to nitrogen source in Czapek's liquid medium reached to 30:1, NH_4NO_3 exhibited the most effective source of nitrogen of growth of the fungus. In case that the concentration of carbon to nitrogen source in Czapek's liquid medium reached to 6:1, yeast extract, pepton, L-asparagine were excellent nitrogen sources for gowth of the fungus. NH_4C1 as a sole nitragon source in Czapek's liquid medium exhibited the most offective cellulase production in the ratio of ten to one of carbon and nitrogen source. 10㎍ of Pyridoxine/100ml medium exhibited the optimum concentration for the cellulase production of the fungus. The cellulase production of the fungus has reached the maximum level at the phase of logarithmic growth in 3 days after inoculation of A.phoenicis K.U.175.

해양오염예방을 위한 자율점검제도 개선방안 고찰

고성덕(Ko Seong Duk),최현규(Choi Hyun Kue),신병석(Shin Byung Suk) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2013 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.11

해양경찰은 2007년부터 해양오염예방관리가 우수한 사업장에 대해서는 “자율점검제도”를 도입하여 관리하여 왔으며, 이 제도는 사업장의 많은 관심과 참여로 효과를 거두었다. 그러나 수년이 지나면서 변화된 사회 환경과 해양종사자들의 의식 변화 그리고 내부조직의 변화 등을 적기에 반영되지 않아 현재 정체되어 있는 실정이다. 이러한 내외부의 환경변화를 수용하기 위하여 자율점검제도에 참여하는 사업장의 해양종사자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 제도를 재조명하고 효과적인 개선방안을 마련하는데 중점을 두었다. 제도의 실효성을 높이기 위해서는 홍보를 강화하고 5톤 이상 선박의 해양오염관리를 위한 제도개선이 필요하며, 해양오염관리가 우수한 사업장은 사업 활동과 점검에 대한 부담을 줄일 수 있도록 해양환경관리법에 “자율점검제도”를 반영해야 한다. For marine pollution prevention, Korea Coast Guard has enforced the self-check system on excellent workplace of marine facilities and ships since 2007 as part of the government policy for deregulation of administrative inspection. The self-check system had much effect amid interest from the workplaces and with their participation and cooperation. But the system has become stagnant because KCG has missed the proper timing to reflect the social and environmental change, marine workers" consciousness changes and the transformation of its relevant inner organization in the operation of the system for several years. To accommodate the changes of internal and external environments, this study surveyed 332 workers of ships and marine facilities through questionnaire about the self-check system for marine pollution prevention, reflected on the system, and focused on how to improve the existing system effectively. To increase the effect of self-check system, the enhancement of public relations efforts and improvements in marine pollution control system for ships of 5 gross tons and above are necessary. In addition, for relieving the burdens of business activity and visit inspection by KCG on excellent workplaces of ships and marine facilities, Marine Environment Management Act is needed to be amended so that the self-check system can be reflected in its amendment.

우리나라의 기름 감식ㆍ분석시스템 연구

고성덕(S.D. Ko),천명철(M.C. Chon),김만중(M.J. Kim),윤주용(J.Y. Yoon) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2011 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.11

해양오염사고에 의한 기름 유출은 대부분 선박에서 발생하고 있으며 오염 행위자를 밝히지 못하면 피해당사자의 보상문제 뿐만아니라 사고초기에 방제전략 수립 등이 어렵다. 더욱이 선박은 이동성 및 국제항행 특수성이 있어 오염사고 주변해역을 지나간 수백척의 선박을 짧은 시간안에 조사하는 것은 매우 어렵다. 따라서 오염행위자를 적발하기 위해서는 정확한 유출유의 유종 파악과 유출시간 추정을 통해 조사대상을 압축하여 정밀조사하는 것이 효과적이다. 우리나라에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 국내에 도입되는 모든 원유, 제품유에 대한 유지문D/B를 구축 하여 활용하고 있으나 해상에 유출된 기름이 주변해역의 기상, 수온 및 경과시간 등 자연조건변화에 따라 물리화학적 특성이 변화한 경우에는 정확한 유종파악에 많은 시간이 소요되며 유출시간을 추정하는 것이 매우 제한적이다. 본 연구에서는 경시변화된 기름의 형광분광광도계를 이용한 감식ㆍ분석방법과 다양한 해역조건에 따라 미국 해양대기청(NOAA)의 ADIOS 2를 활용한 유출시간 추정 방법 등 효율적인 기름 감식ㆍ분석시스템에 대해 연구하였다. Generally oil spill incidents come from vessel. If it happened, especially in case of unknown oil spill incidents, it is difficult to ferret out criminals and compensation for victim grows all the more serious. Besides, It is much difficult to find criminal’s vessel among many vessels. Therefore, it is important to analyse the kind of spilled oil and spilled time of oil because that is one of useful method how to be able to summarize research subjects. KCG(Korea Coast Guard) makes full use of oil fingerprint D/B about crude oil, petroleum oil imported from overseas. But, because the characteristics of spilled oil is changed by weather, temperature and weathering time etc, it is difficult to analyse the oil sample and estimate to spilled time, too. In this study, we introduced how to forensic identify weathering oil by using spectrofluorometer and we studied about oil analysing system by using ADIOS 2 program to be made by NOAA(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration).

석회질과 탄질 토양의 Arbuscular - Mycorrhizal Fungi(AMF) 에 관한 형태학적 연구

고성덕,지성훈 충북대학교 과학교육연구소 2000 과학교육연구논총 Vol.16 No.1

The morphology and types of both the spores of arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi and subtending hyphae which are existent in the soil of both calcareous and coal-waste soils influenced on soil properties and soil types. 1. The soils which disturbed and appeared higher soil pH offers a good conditions for symbiosis of arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi. I ascertained that there exits a positive correlationship between soil pH and spore types of arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi. 2. In respect of the spore shape of arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi, in clacareous soils. globose spores are the most abundant and other types of spores were lowered as follows subglobose, ovoid, pyriform, and clavate forms, respectively while coal-waste soils, shapes of spores were lowered to globose, subglobose, ovoid, pyriform, clavate. reniform, oblong and irregular forms, respectively. The morphology of spores in coal-waste soils are very different from those in calcareous soils. 3. In respect of the types of subtending hyphae straight forms is the most numerous and other types of subtending hyphae lowered as follows straight, recurved. cylindrical and constricted forms in calcareous soil. while straight, recurved, cylindrical. funnel-shaped, constricted, flared and irregular forms in coal-waste soil. 4. The shape of spores and subtending hyphae of arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi is much more various in very frequently disturbed region as coal-waste soils than calcareous soils.